铜绿微囊藻与浮萍联合生长对净化水体的影响
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摘要
本实验以1/5的Hoagland溶液为培养液,设置0、20、40、60、80、100mL/L六个铜绿微囊藻(FACHB 930,107 cells/mL)接种梯度与少根紫萍(ZH0051,400g/m2)共培养.结果发现,少根紫萍的生长速率、抗氧化物酶活性(SOD、APX和CAT)以及培养液中微囊藻毒素含量随着铜绿微囊藻接种量的增加呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,而少根紫萍体内微囊藻毒素却先降低后升高,淀粉累积量呈现出逐渐下降的趋势.铜绿微囊藻的接种量为20mL/L时,少根紫萍的生长速率达到最大值(3.64g/m2·d).当接种量在60~80mL/L之间时,少根紫萍能从培养液中高效的移除氮、磷.实验结果表明,当水体中铜绿微囊藻浓度在2.0×108 cells/L(接种量为20mL/L)左右时,少根紫萍能够达到最大的生物量、相对高的淀粉累积量、以及高品质的氮磷去除率,并能有效地抑制铜绿微囊藻的生长.
In this experiment,0,20,40,60,80 and 100 mL/L of Microcystis aeruginosa(FACHB 930,107 cells/mL)were co-cultured with Spirodela punctata(ZH0051,400 g/m2)in Hoagland which was diluted five times.Experimental results showed that the growth rate and the antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,APX and CAT)of Spirodela punctataand the microcystins in the culture medium increased first and decreased with the increase of inoculation volume of Microcystis aeruginosa.In contrast,the content of microcystins in Spirodela punctata decreased first and then increased,and the accumulation of starch in the Spirodela punctatahad showed a gradual decline.When the inoculation of Microcystis aeruginosa was 20 mL/L,the growth rate of Spirodelapunctata reached its maximum value(3.64 g/m2·d).When the inoclum size was between 60~80 mL/L,the Spirodela punctata was able to remove nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently from the culture medium.It's showed that when the concentration of Microcystis aeruginosa in water was about 2.0×108 cells/L(the inoculation level was20 mL/L),Spirodela punctatacan achieve a maximum biomass,relatively high starch accumulation rate,and high quality of nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate,and can effectively inhibit the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.
In this experiment,0,20,40,60,80 and 100 mL/L of Microcystis aeruginosa(FACHB 930,107 cells/mL)were co-cultured with Spirodela punctata(ZH0051,400 g/m2)in Hoagland which was diluted five times.Experimental results showed that the growth rate and the antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,APX and CAT)of Spirodela punctataand the microcystins in the culture medium increased first and decreased with the increase of inoculation volume of Microcystis aeruginosa.In contrast,the content of microcystins in Spirodela punctata decreased first and then increased,and the accumulation of starch in the Spirodela punctatahad showed a gradual decline.When the inoculation of Microcystis aeruginosa was 20 mL/L,the growth rate of Spirodelapunctata reached its maximum value(3.64 g/m2·d).When the inoclum size was between 60~80 mL/L,the Spirodela punctata was able to remove nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently from the culture medium.It's showed that when the concentration of Microcystis aeruginosa in water was about 2.0×108 cells/L(the inoculation level was20 mL/L),Spirodela punctatacan achieve a maximum biomass,relatively high starch accumulation rate,and high quality of nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate,and can effectively inhibit the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.
引文
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[3]Stomp A M.The duckweeds:A valuable plant for biomanufacturing[J].Biotechnol Annu Rev,2005,11:69.
[4]Alaerts G J,Mahbubar R,Kelderman P.Performance analysis of a full-scale duckweed-covered sewage lagoon[J].Water Res,1996,30:843.
[5]Fujita K,Chaudhary M I,Fujita A,et al.Photosynthesized carbon translocation and distribution of crops adapted to low-nutrient environments[A]//Food security in nutrient-stressed environments:Exploiting plants’genetic capabilities.London:Springer Netherlands,2002:91.
[6]Suppadit T,Jaturasitha S,Sunthorn N,et al.Dietary Wolffia arrhiza,meal as a substitute for soybean meal:its effects on the productive performance and egg quality of laying Japanese quails[J].Trop Anim Health Pro,2012,44:1479.
[7]Zhang J,Zhang H,Chen Y.Sensitive apoptosis induced by microcystins in the crucian carp(Carassius auratus)lymphocytes in vitro[J].Toxicol in Vitro,2006,20:560.
[8]Hu Z Q,Liu Y D,Li D H,et al.Growth and antioxidant system of the cyanobacteriumSynechococcus elongatus,in response to microcystin-RR[J].Hydrobiologia,2005,534:23.
[9]王亭亭,王中浩,熊方建,等.铀胁迫对油菜的生长及抗氧化酶的影响[J].四川大学学报:自然科学版,2014,51:171.
[10]Su Y,Mennerich A,Urban B.Coupled nutrient removal and biomass production with mixed algal culture:impact of biotic and abiotic factors[J].Bioresource Technol,2012,118:469.
[11]Wu H,Huang L.Chlamydomonas Starain and uses thereof:WO,WO/2011/085642[P].2011.
[12]刘杰,黄辉,赵浩,等.浮萍生长及其除磷效率的影响因素的研究[J].环境污染与防治,2007,29:521.
[13]Bergmann B A,Cheng J,Classen J,et al.In vitro selection of duckweed geographical isolates for potential use in swine lagoon effluent renovation[J].Bioresour Technol,2000,73:13.
[14]刘宪华,鲁逸人.环境生物化学实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[15]卫红.碱性过硫酸钾消解·紫外分光光度法测定废水中总氮[J].现代科学仪器,1999(5):64.
[16]Jiang M,Zhang J.Effect of abscisic acid on active oxygen species,antioxidative defence system and oxidative damage in leaves of maize seedlings[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2001,42:1265.
[17]Beauchamp C,Fridovich I.Superoxide dismutase:improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels[J].Anal Biochem,1971,44:276.
[18]Nakano Y,Asada K.Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in Spinach chloroplasts[J].Plant Cell Physiol,1981,22:867.
[19]Aebi H.Catalase in vitro[J].Methods in Enzymol,1984,105:121.
[20]胡中意,欧阳.富营养化水体中的氮磷及其去除研究[J].中国市政工程,2006(3):39.
[21]舒柳.5种水生植物对净化生活污水的效果研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40:161.
[22]Scandalios J G.Oxygen stress and superoxide dismutases[J].Plant Physiol,1993,101:7.
[23]刘秀梅,高鹤娟.食物中有害物质及其防治[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.