壶瓶枣叶片和果实持水力特性分析
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摘要
[目的]为了研究不同时期壶瓶枣叶片和果实的持水力特性,探究其抗旱机理,同时也有利于完善红枣裂果的水分生理机制,分析了不同时期叶片和果实的水分变化规律。[方法]在果实白熟期、脆熟期、完熟期分6次采集壶瓶枣叶片、果实以及带叶片和果实的枣吊,采用脱重法分别测定其失水率。[结果]同一采样时期各处理间失水率差异达显著水平,24h叶片失水率为447.61~610.95mg·g-1,枣吊失水率为91.25~502.03mg·g-1,果实失水率为63.49~303.25mg·g-1;随着果实的成熟,24h果实失水率由8月17日303.25mg·g-1降低到10月6日的84.69mg·g-1,叶片的失水率变化不大(447.61~610.95mg·g-1),果实和叶片的持水能力差异呈增大的趋势;各处理失水率的Logistic回归方程的决定系数均大于0.98,曲线为"S"形,说明失水的过程经历了"慢-快-慢"的过程;除10月6日外,其它时期表现为叶片拐点时间>果实拐点时间>"果实+叶片"拐点时间,从而反应了不同处理失水过程的差异。[结论]枣果实持水力较强,叶片持水力较弱,当发生干旱时,枣树叶片失水较快,果实失水较慢。
[Objective]Present study was aimed to explore the mechanism of drought resistance and to better understand the physiological mechanism of fruit splitting of Huping jujube by investigating the water storage capacity of leaves and fruits of plantsat different growth stage The dynamic changes in leaf and fruit water content at different developmental stages were analyzed.[Methods]Leaves,fruits,and shedding branches with both leaves and fruits of Huping jujube were collected at 10-day time interval starting from 17 th August,and a total of six collections were conducted during fruit white-color stage,crisp ripening stage,and ripening stage.Collected materials were dehydrated,and weighed to determine the water content of each collection.[Results]A significant difference of moisture loss rate was observed among different samples collected at same time.Leaves lost moisture between 447.61 and 610.95 mg·g-1 in 24 hpost treatments,while shedding branches and fruits lost 91.25~502.03 mg·g-1 and 63.49~303.25 mg·g-1,respectively.The water loss rate of fruits h was reduced from 303.25 mg·g-1 on August 17 th to 84.69 mg·g-1 on October 6 th,while the water loss variation in leaves was small(447.61~610.95 mg·g-1)during the same period of time.The coefficient of determination(R2)in logistic regression equations for water loss in all treatments were greater than 0.98,and the curve displayed a " S"-shape which indicated that the dehydration process of different parts showeda "slow-fastslow" trend.The turning point of curves was appeared earlier in leaf samples,followed by fruits and then shedding branches,except the samples collected on October 6 th.[Conclusion]Study results indicated that the water retention capacity in different parts of jujube plants are various.Fruits possess stronger water holding capacity than that of leaves.When the drought occurs,leaves will lose water faster than fruits.
[Objective]Present study was aimed to explore the mechanism of drought resistance and to better understand the physiological mechanism of fruit splitting of Huping jujube by investigating the water storage capacity of leaves and fruits of plantsat different growth stage The dynamic changes in leaf and fruit water content at different developmental stages were analyzed.[Methods]Leaves,fruits,and shedding branches with both leaves and fruits of Huping jujube were collected at 10-day time interval starting from 17 th August,and a total of six collections were conducted during fruit white-color stage,crisp ripening stage,and ripening stage.Collected materials were dehydrated,and weighed to determine the water content of each collection.[Results]A significant difference of moisture loss rate was observed among different samples collected at same time.Leaves lost moisture between 447.61 and 610.95 mg·g-1 in 24 hpost treatments,while shedding branches and fruits lost 91.25~502.03 mg·g-1 and 63.49~303.25 mg·g-1,respectively.The water loss rate of fruits h was reduced from 303.25 mg·g-1 on August 17 th to 84.69 mg·g-1 on October 6 th,while the water loss variation in leaves was small(447.61~610.95 mg·g-1)during the same period of time.The coefficient of determination(R2)in logistic regression equations for water loss in all treatments were greater than 0.98,and the curve displayed a " S"-shape which indicated that the dehydration process of different parts showeda "slow-fastslow" trend.The turning point of curves was appeared earlier in leaf samples,followed by fruits and then shedding branches,except the samples collected on October 6 th.[Conclusion]Study results indicated that the water retention capacity in different parts of jujube plants are various.Fruits possess stronger water holding capacity than that of leaves.When the drought occurs,leaves will lose water faster than fruits.
引文
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[2]秦海林.大樱桃烂根死树的原因及防治[J].烟台果树,2012(1):45.
[3]吴金山,张景欢,李瑞杰,等.植物对干旱胁迫的生理机制及适应性研究进展[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(6):452-456.
[4]史胜青,孙晓光,王颖,等.水分胁迫对4树种幼苗叶水势和持水力的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2009,32(6):24-28.
[5]梁志,闫学超,谢发兵.不同防护剂对吐鲁番地区甜樱桃幼树越冬抽条的防护效果[J].新疆农业科学,2017,54(3):460-469.
[6]张梅花,张建生,李云霞.干旱胁迫下5种园林地被植物叶片保水力、质膜相对透性和脯氨酸含量的变化[J].甘肃科技,2010,26(10):145-148.
[7]买买提依明,殷工,夏庆友,等.新疆沙漠桑持水力的筛选研究[J].蚕学通讯,2008,28(3):1-5.
[8]张鹏飞,高美英,纪薇,等.叶片和果实吸水力对枣裂果的影响研究[J].核农学报,2014,28(12):2269-2274.
[9]李东昌,白晋华,南宏伟.不同混合比例油松辽东栎凋落叶可燃物失水过程比较[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(5):795-798.
[10]刘丹丹,万勇善,刘风珍,等.花生品种抗旱性鉴定评价和叶片抗旱机制研究[J].华北农学报,2013,28(S1):206-213.
[11]杨敏生,彭伟秀,路丙社,等.白杨杂种无性系叶片保水力研究[J].河北林学院学报,1996,11(1):1-5.
[12]张力君,王林和,易津.驼绒藜等8种耐旱灌木持水力分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2003,17(2):122-128.