基于能耗均衡的无线传感器路由算法
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摘要
为了延长无线传感器的使用寿命,弥补传统路由算法的不足,提出一种基于能耗均衡的无线传感器路由算法。首先,分析了无线传感器节点能量的消耗过程,建立了源节点到目的节点的路由表;然后,通过单跳消息方式确定每一个传感器节点的相邻节点,并把剩余能量信息传递给其相邻节点;最后,根据蚁群算法中的信息素浓度与局部能量来选择无线传感器传输数据时的下一跳节点。通过具体实验对其性能进行了测试,实验结果表明,该算法能耗低,保证了能耗均衡,最大程度地延长了传感器节点的寿命。
In order to improve the service life of wireless sensor and make up for the shortcomings of traditional routing algorithms,a wireless sensor routing algorithm based on energy balance was proposed.Firstly,the energy consumption process of wireless sensor node is analyzed,and the routing table from source node to destination node is built.Secondly,all nodes need to jump through a single message to determine its adjacent nodes,and the remaining energy information will be deliveried to its adjacent nodes.Finally,according to the concentration of pheromone in ant-colony algorithm and local energy,the next hop node of transmitting data for wireless sensor is selected.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has low energy consumption,ensures energy comsuption balance,and extends the lifetime of wireless senser nodes.
In order to improve the service life of wireless sensor and make up for the shortcomings of traditional routing algorithms,a wireless sensor routing algorithm based on energy balance was proposed.Firstly,the energy consumption process of wireless sensor node is analyzed,and the routing table from source node to destination node is built.Secondly,all nodes need to jump through a single message to determine its adjacent nodes,and the remaining energy information will be deliveried to its adjacent nodes.Finally,according to the concentration of pheromone in ant-colony algorithm and local energy,the next hop node of transmitting data for wireless sensor is selected.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has low energy consumption,ensures energy comsuption balance,and extends the lifetime of wireless senser nodes.
引文
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[8] LIN S J,TONG Y X,WANG X D,et al.An energy-optimization routing algorithm based on security of wireless sensor network[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2016,56(2):193-201.(in Chinese)李树江,佟以鑫,王向东,等.一种基于无线传感器网络安全的能量优化路由算法[J].大连理工大学学报,2016,56(2):193-201.
[9] ZHU P,WU D L,WU Y J,et al.Routing Algorithms for WSN Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Energy-Balance[J].Microelectronics&Computer,2015,32(12):31-35.(in Chinese)朱攀,吴多龙,吴艳杰,等.基于模糊聚类和能耗均衡的WSN路由算法[J].微电子学与计算机,2015,32(12):31-35.
[10]DONG R S,MA Z X,GUO Y C,et al.A Markov Game TheoryBased Energy Balance Routing Algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2013,36(7):1500-1508.(in Chinese)董荣胜,马争先,郭云川,等.一种基于马尔可夫博弈的能耗均衡路由算法[J].计算机学报,2013,36(7):1500-1508.
[11]JIANG C J,SHI W R,TANG X L,et al.Energy-Balanced Unequal Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Software,2012,23(5):1222-1232.(in Chinese)蒋畅江,石为人,唐贤伦,等.能耗均衡的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇路由协议[J].软件学报,2012,23(5):1222-1232.
[12]LI C L,HU C H.A dynamic multi-hop non-uniform clustering routing protocol in wireless sensor networks[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(7):2048-2053.(in Chinese)李超良,胡春华.无线传感器网络中面向动态多跳的非均匀分簇路由[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(7):2048-2053.
[13]FANG N P.Cross-Layer Energy Balanced Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Chongqing Institute of Technology,2016,30(10):122-128.(in Chinese)房能沛.无线传感器网络跨层能耗均衡路由协议[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,30(10):122-128.
[2] HE Y L,ZHANG X,GUO H Y,et al.Wireless Sensor Network Energy Balancing Routing Algorithm Based on Game Theory[J].Semiconductor Optoelectronics,2014,35(2):313-317.(in Chinese)贺云璐,张新,郭洪尧,等.无线传感器网络能耗均衡路由博弈算法[J].半导体光电,2014,35(2):313-317.
[3] DING G M,ZHANG A L,CHEN H,et al.An Energy Balanced Cluster Routing Protocol of Battlefield Wireless Sensor Network[J].Fire Control&Command Control,2016,41(6):91-94.(in Chinese)丁冠铭,张安琳,陈慧,等.一种能耗均衡的战场无线传感器网络路由协议算法[J].火力与指挥控制,2016,41(6):91-94.
[4] ZHANG C H,LIU F A,HOU B Q,et al.Timer-based Unequal Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2014,35(12):2603-2607.(in Chinese)张春花,刘方爱,侯冰俏,等.无线传感器网络中基于定时器的非均匀分簇路由算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2014,35(12):2603-2607.
[5] SUN Y,NAN J,WU X,et al.Cluster-based and energy-balanced time synchronization algorithm for wireless sensor networks[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2014,34(9):2456-2459.(in Chinese)孙毅,南婧,武昕,等.基于簇的能耗均衡无线传感器网络时间同步算法[J].计算机应用,2014,34(9):2456-2459.
[6] SUN X,WU B G,WU H G,et al.Topology Based Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm in Farmland Wireless Sensor Network[J].Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(8):232-238.(in Chinese)孙想,吴保国,吴华瑞,等.能量高效的农田无线传感器网络拓扑关联路由算法[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(8):232-238.
[7] LI X,SUN H Z.Algorithm of Wireless Sensor Network Routing Based on Energy Aware[J].Computer Science,2016,43(S1):291-294.(in Chinese)李响,孙华志.基于能量感知的无线传感器网络路由算法[J].计算机科学,2016,43(S1):291-294.
[8] LIN S J,TONG Y X,WANG X D,et al.An energy-optimization routing algorithm based on security of wireless sensor network[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2016,56(2):193-201.(in Chinese)李树江,佟以鑫,王向东,等.一种基于无线传感器网络安全的能量优化路由算法[J].大连理工大学学报,2016,56(2):193-201.
[9] ZHU P,WU D L,WU Y J,et al.Routing Algorithms for WSN Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Energy-Balance[J].Microelectronics&Computer,2015,32(12):31-35.(in Chinese)朱攀,吴多龙,吴艳杰,等.基于模糊聚类和能耗均衡的WSN路由算法[J].微电子学与计算机,2015,32(12):31-35.
[10]DONG R S,MA Z X,GUO Y C,et al.A Markov Game TheoryBased Energy Balance Routing Algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2013,36(7):1500-1508.(in Chinese)董荣胜,马争先,郭云川,等.一种基于马尔可夫博弈的能耗均衡路由算法[J].计算机学报,2013,36(7):1500-1508.
[11]JIANG C J,SHI W R,TANG X L,et al.Energy-Balanced Unequal Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Software,2012,23(5):1222-1232.(in Chinese)蒋畅江,石为人,唐贤伦,等.能耗均衡的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇路由协议[J].软件学报,2012,23(5):1222-1232.
[12]LI C L,HU C H.A dynamic multi-hop non-uniform clustering routing protocol in wireless sensor networks[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(7):2048-2053.(in Chinese)李超良,胡春华.无线传感器网络中面向动态多跳的非均匀分簇路由[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(7):2048-2053.
[13]FANG N P.Cross-Layer Energy Balanced Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Chongqing Institute of Technology,2016,30(10):122-128.(in Chinese)房能沛.无线传感器网络跨层能耗均衡路由协议[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,30(10):122-128.