基于南方红壤耕地气压深松铲的设计与深松仿真分析
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摘要
针对现有深松机在红壤耕地犁底层土壤深松阻力大、幅宽小、效率低等问题,设计一种基于气压劈裂的气压深松铲。采用CFD软件建立南方耕地红壤犁底层土壤的模型进行深松气压范围标定,并针对相同气压2 MPa下不同容重犁底层土壤的扩散特性进行研究。结果表明:红壤犁底层容重1.8g/cm~3土壤的有效起劈气压范围为1.6～2.4MPa;容重1.6g/cm~3、1.8g/cm~3的犁底层土壤裂隙主要沿水平方向扩散,容重1.4g/cm~3的犁底层土壤裂隙则同时沿竖直方向与水平方向扩散;容重越大的犁底层土壤,深松效果越好。
In view of the problems of deep substituting resistance,small width and low efficiency of the existing deep shovel in the red soil plough,apneumatic deep shovel based on air pressure splitting was designed.CFD software was used to establish the model of the red soil plow bottom of the southern cultivated land to carry out the calibration of the deep gas pressure range,and the diffusion characteristics of the bottom layer of different volumetric plows under the same pressure of 2 MPa were studied.The results showed that the effective enthalpy pressure of the bottom layer of 1.8 g/cm~3 red soil was 1.6-2.4 MPa;The crack of the bottom layer of the plough was mainly diffused horizontally,while the crack of the bottom of the plough with smaller bulk density is also vertical.In conclusion,by using the pneumatic deep shovel designed in this study,the direction and the horizontal direction were diffused,the bottom of the plow was larger,and the deeper pine effect was better.
In view of the problems of deep substituting resistance,small width and low efficiency of the existing deep shovel in the red soil plough,apneumatic deep shovel based on air pressure splitting was designed.CFD software was used to establish the model of the red soil plow bottom of the southern cultivated land to carry out the calibration of the deep gas pressure range,and the diffusion characteristics of the bottom layer of different volumetric plows under the same pressure of 2 MPa were studied.The results showed that the effective enthalpy pressure of the bottom layer of 1.8 g/cm~3 red soil was 1.6-2.4 MPa;The crack of the bottom layer of the plough was mainly diffused horizontally,while the crack of the bottom of the plough with smaller bulk density is also vertical.In conclusion,by using the pneumatic deep shovel designed in this study,the direction and the horizontal direction were diffused,the bottom of the plow was larger,and the deeper pine effect was better.
引文
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[14]李霞,付俊峰,张东兴,崔涛,张瑞.基于振动减阻原理的深松机牵引阻力试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):32-36Li Xia,Fu J F,Zhang D X,Cui T,Zhang R.Experiment analysis on traction resistance of vibration subsoiler[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(1):32-36(in Chinese)
[15]左胜甲.气压深松特性及技术的试验研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016Zuo S J.Experimental study on the characteristics and technology of air-pressure subsoiling[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2016(in Chinese)
[16]左胜甲,孔德刚,汉语,陈海霞,张勇,韩福傲.气压深松技术研究现状和发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(6):99-103Zuo S J,Kong D G,Han Y,Chen H X,Zhang Y,Han F A.Research status and development trend of pneumatic subsoiling technology[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(6):99-103(in Chinese)
[17]姜平安.深松机的设计[J].农业机械,2014(23):108-118Jiang P A.Design of deep-separation machine[J].Farm Machinery,2014(23):108-118(in Chinese)
[18]陈坤.后掠式弧形深松铲柄的结构优化研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012Chen K.Study on Structural optimization of extroverted arc subsoiler[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012(in Chinese)
[19]张健伟.云南丘陵山区深松施肥技术及装备的研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017Zhang J W.Study on sub-soiling fertilizing technology and its equipment in hilly and mountainous areas[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2017(in Chinese)
[2]张瑞富,杨恒山,高聚林,张玉芹,王志刚,范秀艳,毕文波.深松对春玉米根系形态特征和生理特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(5):78-84Zhang R F,Yang H S,Gao J L,Zhang Y Q,Wang Z G,Fan XY,Bi W B.Effect of subsoiling on root morphological and physiological characteristics of spring maize[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(5):78-84(in Chinese)
[3]Zhang H,Araya K,Kudoh M,Zhang C,Jia H,Liu F,Sawai T,Yang S.An explosive subsoiler for the improvement of meadow soil,part 2:soil bin experiments[J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,2000,75(2):209-219
[4]Araya K.Soil failure by introducing fluid under pressure[J].Journal of Terramechanics,1985,22(3):176-4
[5]易文裕,庹洪章,程方平,熊昌国,谢祖琪.轻简型茶园深松耕作机驱动轮和深松铲优化配置研究[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(7):19-22Yi W Y,Tuo H Z,Cheng F P,Xiong C G,Xie Z Q.Study on optimal allocation of driving wheel and sub-soiling shovel of deep loosening tillage machine on light simple type of Tea plantation[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(7):19-22
[6]娄秀华,张东兴,张淑敏,耿端阳.1MS-Ⅱ型地膜回收机起膜铲动力性能试验分析[J].农业机械学报,2004,35(5):67-69Lou X H,Zhang D X,Zhang S M,Geng D Y.Experimental investigation on performance of loosening shovel of 1MS-ⅱpolythene film collector[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2004,35(5):67-69(in Chinese)
[7]初立东,袁军,郑重,袁洪印,王景立,黄亚杰,尹永乐.圆弧形深松铲的阻力测试与仿真分析[J].吉林农业大学学报,2013,35(5):610-614Chu L D,Yuan J,Zheng C,Yuan H Y,Wang J L,Huang Y J,Yin Y L.Resistance measurement and simulation analysis of circular arc sub-soiling shovel[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2013,35(5):610-614(in Chinese)
[8]陈东辉.典型生物摩擦学结构及仿生[D].长春:吉林大学,2007Chen D H.Typical bio-tribological structures and their biomimetic applications[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2007(in Chinese)
[9]龚皓晖,王霜.仿生深松铲结构设计与有限元分析[J].农机化研究,2013,35(7):53-57Gong H H,Wang S.Bionic subsoiler structural design with the finite element analysis[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2013,35(7):53-57(in Chinese)
[10]张金波.深松铲减阻耐磨仿生理论与技术[D].长春:吉林大学,2014Zhang J B.Bionic drag reduction and wear-resistant theory and techniques of subsoiler[D].Changchu:Jilin University,2014(in Chinese)
[11]吕殿青,潘云.南北方粘质土壤的水分特征研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2009,28(1):20-23Lu D Q,Pan Y.Water characteristics for clay soil in north and south regions[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2009,28(1):20-23(in Chinese)
[12]崔涛,史智栋,杨丽,王云霞,韩丹丹,张东兴.弹簧预紧力可调式振动深松机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(S1):96-102Cui T,Shi Z D,Yang L,Wang Y X,Han D D,Zhang D X.Design and experiment of vibration subsoiler with adjustable spring pre-tightening force[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(S1):96-102(in Chinese)
[13]邱立春,李宝筏.自激振动深松机减阻试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(6):72-76Qiu L C,Li B F.Experimental study on the self excited vibration subsoiler for reducing draft force[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2000,16(6):72-76(in Chinese)
[14]李霞,付俊峰,张东兴,崔涛,张瑞.基于振动减阻原理的深松机牵引阻力试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):32-36Li Xia,Fu J F,Zhang D X,Cui T,Zhang R.Experiment analysis on traction resistance of vibration subsoiler[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(1):32-36(in Chinese)
[15]左胜甲.气压深松特性及技术的试验研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016Zuo S J.Experimental study on the characteristics and technology of air-pressure subsoiling[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2016(in Chinese)
[16]左胜甲,孔德刚,汉语,陈海霞,张勇,韩福傲.气压深松技术研究现状和发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(6):99-103Zuo S J,Kong D G,Han Y,Chen H X,Zhang Y,Han F A.Research status and development trend of pneumatic subsoiling technology[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(6):99-103(in Chinese)
[17]姜平安.深松机的设计[J].农业机械,2014(23):108-118Jiang P A.Design of deep-separation machine[J].Farm Machinery,2014(23):108-118(in Chinese)
[18]陈坤.后掠式弧形深松铲柄的结构优化研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012Chen K.Study on Structural optimization of extroverted arc subsoiler[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012(in Chinese)
[19]张健伟.云南丘陵山区深松施肥技术及装备的研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017Zhang J W.Study on sub-soiling fertilizing technology and its equipment in hilly and mountainous areas[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2017(in Chinese)