笼型双斜槽转子感应电机的横向电流损耗分析
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摘要
笼型斜槽转子中的横向电流损耗是附加损耗中不可忽略的成分。为简化绝缘处理等额外工序削弱横向电流损耗,提出一种改变传统斜槽转子结构的效率优化策略。以典型双斜槽转子为研究对象,基于多截面分段斜槽理论,建立横向电流单位区域的电路模型。根据边界条件引入临界接触电阻率,在2个电阻率范围中分别计算横向电流损耗。通过电流相量图确定中环合成电压,分析讨论中环参数对边界条件和横向电流损耗的影响,计算有限元模型中的横向均电密参数验证最佳中环设计。利用去除端环法确定样机转子总横向电阻率,为高效电机优化设计提供了理论依据。
The transverse current loss in cage skewed rotor isn`t a negligible component in the stray loss. The additional manufactured process adopted to reduce the transverse current loss should be simplified. In this paper, an efficiency-optimized design strategy was proposed by altering the skewed rotor structure. The typical dual skewed rotor is chose as the research target. Based on the multi-slice theory, the circuit model of the unit region of transverse current was built and the critical contact resistivity was introduced according to the boundary condition. The transverse current losses were calculated separately over two resistivity ranges. The compound transverse voltage could be acquired with the current phasor diagram, while the effects of intermediate ring on the boundary condition and transverse current loss were discussed. The parameter of average transverse current density in finite element model was calculated to verify the optimized design of intermediated ring. With the removed end-ring method, the compound contact resistivity of cage rotor in prototype motor was measured. The proposed theory could be referred during the optimization design of high-efficiency motor.
The transverse current loss in cage skewed rotor isn`t a negligible component in the stray loss. The additional manufactured process adopted to reduce the transverse current loss should be simplified. In this paper, an efficiency-optimized design strategy was proposed by altering the skewed rotor structure. The typical dual skewed rotor is chose as the research target. Based on the multi-slice theory, the circuit model of the unit region of transverse current was built and the critical contact resistivity was introduced according to the boundary condition. The transverse current losses were calculated separately over two resistivity ranges. The compound transverse voltage could be acquired with the current phasor diagram, while the effects of intermediate ring on the boundary condition and transverse current loss were discussed. The parameter of average transverse current density in finite element model was calculated to verify the optimized design of intermediated ring. With the removed end-ring method, the compound contact resistivity of cage rotor in prototype motor was measured. The proposed theory could be referred during the optimization design of high-efficiency motor.
引文
[1]詹阳,孔伉伉,许国瑞,等.交流电机转子导条间横向漏电流研究综述与展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(7):2132-2143,2228.Zhan Yang,Kong Kangkang,Xu Guorui,et al.Review and prospect of the research on rotor transverse currents in AC machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(7):2132-2143,2228(in Chinese).
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[3]Heller B,Jokl A L.Losses in squirrel-cage motors due to rotor skew[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Apparatus and Systems,1971,PAS-90(2),556-563.
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[8]Carlson R,Silva C A,Sadowski N,et al.Analysis of the effect of transverse currents on the performance of polyphase cage-induction motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2003,39(6):1674-1680.
[9]Ho S L,Fu W N,Wong H C.Estimation of stray losses of skewed rotor induction motors using coupled 2-D and3-D time stepping finite element methods[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,1998,34(5):3102-3105.
[10]王泽忠,严烈通.异步电机斜槽转子三维涡流场计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1995,15(2):118-123.Wang Zezhong,Yan Lietong.3-D eddy current field computation in squirrel cage rotor of induction motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1995,15(2):118-123(in Chinese).
[11]Williamson S,Smith A C,Equivalent circuits for cage induction motors with transverse currents[J].IEEProceedings-Electric Power Applications,2002,149(3):173-183.
[12]Williamson S,Smith A C.Influence of interbar currents on the harmonic losses and skew in cage induction machines[C]//International Conference on Power Electronics,Machines and Drives,Bath,UK,2002:369-374.
[13]Stening A and Sadarangani C.Starting performance of induction motors with cast aluminium and copper rotors including the effects of saturation and transverse currents[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Tokyo,2009:1-5.
[14]Stening A and Sadarangani C.The effects of transverse currents in cast aluminium and cast copper rotors[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines,Vilamoura,2008:1-5.
[15]Nakahara A,Kikuchi S,Nishihama K,et al.High-frequency interbar current losses in cage induction motors under no-load condition[J].IEEE Trans.on Energy Conversion,2014,29(3):698-705.
[16]Boldea I,Nasar S A.The induction machines design handbook[M].2nd Edition.Boca Raton:CRC Press,2010:319.
[17]莫会成,励鹤鸣.鼠笼异步电动机的横向电流和设置中环的感应电机[J].微电机,1988(4):14-19.Mo Huicheng,Li Heming.Squirrel-cage asynchronous motor’s transverse current and induction machine with interring[J].Micromotors Servo Technique,1988(4):14-19(in Chinese).
[18]Wang L,Bao X,Di C,et al.Influence on vibration and noise of squirrel-cage induction machine with double skewed rotor for different slot combinations[J].IEEETrans.on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1-4.
[19]鲍晓华,狄冲,汪朗.笼型感应电机转子斜槽研究综述及展望[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):1-12.Bao Xiaohua,Di Chong,Wang Lang.Review and prospect of skewed rotor in squirrel cage induction machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(6):1-12(in Chinese).
[20]Wang L,Bao X,Di C,et al.Analysis of synchronous parasitic torque in dual skew cage rotor induction motors with equivalent slot number[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(8):1357-1365.
[21]Xu W,Bao X,Di C,et al.Optimal angle combination for improving electromagnetic torque in induction motor with double skewed rotor[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2017,53(11):1-5.
[22]迟青光,张艳丽,曹政,等.电工钢片旋转损耗特性分析与损耗模型修正[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(08):2418-2426.Chi Qingguang,Zhang Yanli,Cao Zheng,et al.Analysis of rotational loss property in an electrical steel sheet and correction of loss model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2418-2425(in Chinese).
[2]Odok A M.Stray-load losses and stray torques in induction machines[J].AIEE Trans.Power Apparatus,1958,77(3):43-53.
[3]Heller B,Jokl A L.Losses in squirrel-cage motors due to rotor skew[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Apparatus and Systems,1971,PAS-90(2),556-563.
[4]Serrano-Iribarnegaray L,Martinez-Roman J.Critical review of the analytical approaches accounting for interbar currents and experimental study of ageing in two-speed asynchronous motors for elevator drives[J].IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications,2005,152(1):72-80.
[5]Williamson S,Poh C Y.Transverse currents in cage induction motors[J].IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications,2005,152(5):1106-1112.
[6]Williamson S,Flack T J,Volschenk A F.Representation of skew in time-stepped two-dimensional finite-element models of electrical machines[J].IEEE Trans.on Industry Applications,1995,31(5):1009-1015.
[7]Ho S L,Li H L,Fu W N.Inclusion of interbar currents in a network-field coupled time-stepping finite-element model of skewed-rotor induction motors[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,1999,35(5):4218-4225.
[8]Carlson R,Silva C A,Sadowski N,et al.Analysis of the effect of transverse currents on the performance of polyphase cage-induction motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2003,39(6):1674-1680.
[9]Ho S L,Fu W N,Wong H C.Estimation of stray losses of skewed rotor induction motors using coupled 2-D and3-D time stepping finite element methods[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,1998,34(5):3102-3105.
[10]王泽忠,严烈通.异步电机斜槽转子三维涡流场计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1995,15(2):118-123.Wang Zezhong,Yan Lietong.3-D eddy current field computation in squirrel cage rotor of induction motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1995,15(2):118-123(in Chinese).
[11]Williamson S,Smith A C,Equivalent circuits for cage induction motors with transverse currents[J].IEEProceedings-Electric Power Applications,2002,149(3):173-183.
[12]Williamson S,Smith A C.Influence of interbar currents on the harmonic losses and skew in cage induction machines[C]//International Conference on Power Electronics,Machines and Drives,Bath,UK,2002:369-374.
[13]Stening A and Sadarangani C.Starting performance of induction motors with cast aluminium and copper rotors including the effects of saturation and transverse currents[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Tokyo,2009:1-5.
[14]Stening A and Sadarangani C.The effects of transverse currents in cast aluminium and cast copper rotors[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines,Vilamoura,2008:1-5.
[15]Nakahara A,Kikuchi S,Nishihama K,et al.High-frequency interbar current losses in cage induction motors under no-load condition[J].IEEE Trans.on Energy Conversion,2014,29(3):698-705.
[16]Boldea I,Nasar S A.The induction machines design handbook[M].2nd Edition.Boca Raton:CRC Press,2010:319.
[17]莫会成,励鹤鸣.鼠笼异步电动机的横向电流和设置中环的感应电机[J].微电机,1988(4):14-19.Mo Huicheng,Li Heming.Squirrel-cage asynchronous motor’s transverse current and induction machine with interring[J].Micromotors Servo Technique,1988(4):14-19(in Chinese).
[18]Wang L,Bao X,Di C,et al.Influence on vibration and noise of squirrel-cage induction machine with double skewed rotor for different slot combinations[J].IEEETrans.on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1-4.
[19]鲍晓华,狄冲,汪朗.笼型感应电机转子斜槽研究综述及展望[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):1-12.Bao Xiaohua,Di Chong,Wang Lang.Review and prospect of skewed rotor in squirrel cage induction machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(6):1-12(in Chinese).
[20]Wang L,Bao X,Di C,et al.Analysis of synchronous parasitic torque in dual skew cage rotor induction motors with equivalent slot number[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(8):1357-1365.
[21]Xu W,Bao X,Di C,et al.Optimal angle combination for improving electromagnetic torque in induction motor with double skewed rotor[J].IEEE Trans.on Magnetics,2017,53(11):1-5.
[22]迟青光,张艳丽,曹政,等.电工钢片旋转损耗特性分析与损耗模型修正[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(08):2418-2426.Chi Qingguang,Zhang Yanli,Cao Zheng,et al.Analysis of rotational loss property in an electrical steel sheet and correction of loss model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2418-2425(in Chinese).