基于DEM数据的渭河子流域水文信息提取
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摘要
利用ArcGIS 10.2的水文分析模型以及渭河子流域(宝鸡峡以上)DEM数据,对水流方向、水流长度和河网等水文信息的提取进行了相关研究,并定量和定性评价了提取河网的精度。结果表明:阈值的设定对河网信息提取有较大影响,阈值越小,河网越稠密,而阈值越大,则河网越稀疏;当阈值达到9 000时,提取的河网基本趋于稳定且与实际水系大致吻合;河网密度与汇流累积量满足幂函数关系,利用导数关系可以基本确定提取的河网反映了真实水系的阈值。
In this paper,we use the hydrology model of ArcGIS10.2 and the DEM data of Weihe Sub-watershed(Baojixia above)to study water flow direction,water flow length and river network hydrological information and evaluate precision of extracted network qualitatively and quantitatively.The results show that:The setting of the threshold has a great impact on river network information extraction.If the threshold is smaller,the river network will be denser.If the threshold is larger,the river network will be sparser.When the threshold reaches 9 000,the river network extracted tends to be stable and roughly agrees with the actual water system.The river network density and the confluence cumulant satisfy the power function,and the derivative relation can be used to determine the river network extraction threshold of the real river system.
In this paper,we use the hydrology model of ArcGIS10.2 and the DEM data of Weihe Sub-watershed(Baojixia above)to study water flow direction,water flow length and river network hydrological information and evaluate precision of extracted network qualitatively and quantitatively.The results show that:The setting of the threshold has a great impact on river network information extraction.If the threshold is smaller,the river network will be denser.If the threshold is larger,the river network will be sparser.When the threshold reaches 9 000,the river network extracted tends to be stable and roughly agrees with the actual water system.The river network density and the confluence cumulant satisfy the power function,and the derivative relation can be used to determine the river network extraction threshold of the real river system.
引文
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[15]何灿灿.基于DEM的数字流域特征提取及水文网络构建研究[D].西安:长安大学,2017.
[2]彭文启,刘晓波,王雨春,等.流域水环境与生态学研究回顾与展望[J].水利学报,2018,49(9):1055-1067.
[3]徐新良,庄大方,贾绍凤,等.GIS环境下基于DEM的中国流域自动提取方法[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,13(04):343-348.
[4]黄娜娜,宁芊.基于DEM的数字河网提取方法及应用研究[J].人民长江,2011,42(24):50-53.
[5]沈中原,李占斌,李鹏,等.基于DEM的流域数字河网提取算法研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2009,20(1):20-24.
[6]熊立华,郭生练.基于DEM的数字河网生成方法的探讨[J].长江科学院院报,2003,20(4):14-17.
[7]李勇,于宏兵,艾丽娜,等.Arc Hydro模型提取流域水文信息及精度分析---以松花江流域为例[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(6):120-123.
[8]高鑫磊.GIS环境下基于DEM的流域自动提取方法[J].北京水务,2009(2):46-48.
[9]蔺彬彬,张亚琼,武鹏林.GIS环境下基于DEM的三川河流域特征提取[J].中国农村水利电报,2013(3):34-37.
[10]杨华容,文路军,彭文甫,等.基于DEM和GIS的流域水文提取---以巴中市为例[J].人民长江,2016,47(8):34-38.
[11]张振,宋亚娅.GIS环境下基于DEM流域水文地理信息的提取[J].地下水,2014(6):200-202.
[12]汤国安,杨昕.ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:478-492.
[13]曹玲玲,张秋文.基于SRTM的数字河网提取及其应用[J].人民长江,2007,38(8):150-151.
[14]牟乃夏,刘文宝,王海银,等.ArcGIS10地理信息系统教程从初学到精通[M].北京:测绘出版社,2012:474-489.
[15]何灿灿.基于DEM的数字流域特征提取及水文网络构建研究[D].西安:长安大学,2017.