白炭黑和mPE增韧PP竹塑复合材料的性能及其机理
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摘要
本研究以60目竹纤维粉为填充材料,聚丙烯为塑料基体,硅烷为偶联剂,分别以不同含量无机粒子白炭黑和弹性体茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)为增韧剂,模压成型制备了竹塑复合材料。并对竹塑复合材料力学性能和吸水性能进行测试,对比了不同增韧剂的增韧效果。结果表明:当白炭黑添加量为6%时,复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度分别提高99%、424%和114%,吸水率提高41%;当mPE添加量为4%时,复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度分别提高139%、168%和151%,吸水率降低了41%。白炭黑和mPE对PP竹塑复合材料均具有较好的增韧效果,综合考虑力学性能和吸水性能,mPE是PP竹塑复合材料较理想的冲击改性剂。结合多种测试结果表明:添加的增韧剂是通过与基体材料进行化学反应降低复合材料内部极性而实现增强增韧。
To prepare bamboo plastic composites by molding 60 mesh bamboo fiberic powder and polypropylene(PP)were used as filler material and plastic matrix,respectively.In the preparation silane,silica particles and elastic mPE were added as coupling agent and toughener.The mechanical properties and water absorption properties were tested.Toughening effect of different toughening agents was compared.Results show that:when the content of silica is only 6%,the impact strength,flexural strength and tensile strength are increased by 99%,424%and 114%,respectively,and the water absorption is increased by 41%;when the content of mPE is 4%,the impact strength,flexural strength and tensile strength were increased by 139%,168%and 151% respectively,while the water absorption was reduced by 41%.Both white carbon black and mPE have a good toughening effect on bamboo plastic composites,and taking into account the mechanical properties and water absorption performance,mPE is the ideal impact modifier.Characterization results also show that the addition of the toughening agent can reduce the polarity of the PP bamboo composites by chemical reaction with the matrix material,so as to enhance the toughening effect.
To prepare bamboo plastic composites by molding 60 mesh bamboo fiberic powder and polypropylene(PP)were used as filler material and plastic matrix,respectively.In the preparation silane,silica particles and elastic mPE were added as coupling agent and toughener.The mechanical properties and water absorption properties were tested.Toughening effect of different toughening agents was compared.Results show that:when the content of silica is only 6%,the impact strength,flexural strength and tensile strength are increased by 99%,424%and 114%,respectively,and the water absorption is increased by 41%;when the content of mPE is 4%,the impact strength,flexural strength and tensile strength were increased by 139%,168%and 151% respectively,while the water absorption was reduced by 41%.Both white carbon black and mPE have a good toughening effect on bamboo plastic composites,and taking into account the mechanical properties and water absorption performance,mPE is the ideal impact modifier.Characterization results also show that the addition of the toughening agent can reduce the polarity of the PP bamboo composites by chemical reaction with the matrix material,so as to enhance the toughening effect.
引文
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[2]薛平,张明珠,何亚东.木塑复合材料及挤出成型特性的研究[J].中国塑料,2001,15(8):53~60.
[3]李大纲,闰微丽,何强.竹塑复合材料吸水性能的研究[J].世界竹藤通讯,2010,8(4):23~26.
[4] Anatole A.Klvosov.王伟宏,等.木塑复合材料[M].第1版.北京:科学出版社,2010.
[5]高黎,王正.木塑复合材料的研究、发展及展望[J].人造板通讯,2005,17(2):5~8.
[6]刘鹏,李方义,李剑峰.植物纤维增强的生物质复合材料微观机理及力学性能研究[J].功能材料,2015,11(46):11017~11020.
[7]路琴,杨明.天然植物纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料研究进展[J].中国塑料,2014,28(11):1~6.
[8]孟召辉,姚正军.麦秸纤维/废旧塑料再生复合材料[J].材料科学与工程学报,2008,26(2):260~263.
[9]周亚巍,宁莉萍.木粉的酯化处理对木塑复合材料性能的影响[J].材料科学与工程学报,2014,33(4):572~576.
[10]曹勇,柴田信一.甘蔗渣的碱处理对其纤维增强全降解复合材料的影响[J].复合材料学报,2006,23(3):60~66.
[11]刘婷,陆绍荣.碱处理对SF/PP木塑复合材料力学性能的影响[J].化工新型材料,2010,35(8):117~120.
[12]李光哲.木塑复合材料的研究热点及发展趋势[J].木材加工机械,2010(2):41~44.
[13]郭文静,王正.三种塑料与木纤维复合性能的研究[J].木材工业,2005,19(2):8~11.
[14] Wang Z,Guo W J.Effect of Wood Variables on the Properties of Wood Fiber-Polypropylene Composites[J].Chinese Forestry Science and Technology,2002,1(4):43~50.
[15]何春霞,顾红艳,薛盘芳.四种植物纤维粉/聚丙烯复合材料应用性能[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(2):381~384.
[16]伍波,张求慧.木塑复合材料界面化学改性研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2010,38(5):28~30.
[17]赵剑英,区颖刚.木塑复合材料制备中的硅烷改性研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2010,32(5):568~571.
[18]王淑荣.硅烷偶联剂的开发现状及发展趋势[J].精细石油化工,1995(5):33~37.
[19] Vladimir V.Tsukruk,Srikanth Singamaneni.Multicomponent Polymer Systems and Fibers[M].United States:John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,2011.
[20]葛建芳,卢风纪.高性能无机填料在PP改性中的应用[J].合成树脂及塑料,2000,17(4):63~66.
[21]雷芳,陈福林.白炭黑增强增韧PP基木塑复合材料的研究[J].塑料,2008,37(1):67~70.
[22]朱晓光,漆宗能.聚合物增韧研究进展[J].材料研究学报,1997,11(6):623~638.
[23]李兰杰,刘得志,陈占勋.POE和mPE增韧木塑复合材料的研究[J].塑料,2005,34(6):28~32.
[24] TANG Weijia,WU Fen.Polymernano-composites[J].External Plastics,2002,20(3):11~18.
[25]秦江雷,高俊刚.共聚聚丙烯/茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯共混体系的流变行为与结晶行为[J].中国塑料,2004,18(4):21~25.
[26]秦江雷,高俊刚.聚丙烯/茂金属线形低密度聚乙烯的熔融行为和等温结晶动力学[J].中国塑料,2007,21(10):17~21.