蚕蛹油脂的提取技术及营养与保健功能研究概况
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摘要
有关蚕蛹油脂的提取技术及营养与保健功能研究已广泛开展。应用较多的蚕蛹油脂的分离提取方法是工艺简单、生产成本低的浸提法;新建立的超临界CO_2萃取、微波萃取和超声波辅助提取等技术使蚕蛹油脂的得率和纯度明显提高;酶法提取则具有成本低、环保、高效等特点。蚕蛹油脂富含油酸、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸等多种人体必需的不饱和脂肪酸,这些不饱和脂肪酸作为细胞膜和生物酶的基础成分,在维持机体正常生理代谢和对疾病预防的过程中发挥重要作用,具有辅助降血脂、降血糖、改善记忆、提高抗氧化能力、预防脂肪肝和抗血栓等多种保健功效,因而极具开发利用价值。本文概述上述研究领域的重要进展,并简要探讨蚕蛹油脂加工利用方面亟待解决与突破的关键技术问题。
Extraction technology,nutritional and healthcare functions of silkworm pupa oil have been studied at home and abroad. Solvent extraction is frequently used for preparation of silkworm pupa oil due to easy operation and low cost. The applications of new technology such as super critical CO_2 extraction,microwave extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction have obviously increased the yield and purity of silkworm pupa oil. While enzymatic extraction is cost-effective,environment-friendly and efficient. Silkworm pupa oil is rich in oleic acid,α-linoleic acid,linolenic acid and other essential unsaturated fatty acids to human health. As fundamental components of cell membranes and bio-enzymes,these substances play important roles in maintaining normal physiological metabolisms and in preventing disease occurrence. They can reduce plasma lipid and blood glucose levels,improve memory,enhance antioxidation,and prevent formation of fatty liver. Besides,they have antithrombotic and other healthcare functions. Therefore,silkworm pupa oil is promising for further utilization and development. This paper summarized the important achievements in the above research fields,and briefly discussed key technologies to be addressed and solved in the near future for utilization of silkworm pupa oil.
Extraction technology,nutritional and healthcare functions of silkworm pupa oil have been studied at home and abroad. Solvent extraction is frequently used for preparation of silkworm pupa oil due to easy operation and low cost. The applications of new technology such as super critical CO_2 extraction,microwave extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction have obviously increased the yield and purity of silkworm pupa oil. While enzymatic extraction is cost-effective,environment-friendly and efficient. Silkworm pupa oil is rich in oleic acid,α-linoleic acid,linolenic acid and other essential unsaturated fatty acids to human health. As fundamental components of cell membranes and bio-enzymes,these substances play important roles in maintaining normal physiological metabolisms and in preventing disease occurrence. They can reduce plasma lipid and blood glucose levels,improve memory,enhance antioxidation,and prevent formation of fatty liver. Besides,they have antithrombotic and other healthcare functions. Therefore,silkworm pupa oil is promising for further utilization and development. This paper summarized the important achievements in the above research fields,and briefly discussed key technologies to be addressed and solved in the near future for utilization of silkworm pupa oil.
引文
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[15]陈颖娣,余丹,汪红富,等.蚕蛹三种不同方法提取的比较研究[J].食品科技,2015,35(3):194-199
[16]张道平,苏小建,何星基,等.采用酶解法提取蚕蛹油脂的工艺条件优化[J].蚕业科学,2013,39(4):828-831
[17]吴晓霞,李建科,张研宇.蚕蛹油超声波辅助萃取及其抗氧化稳定[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(8):1677-1687
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[19]段爱莉,高贵田,潘静.气相色谱-质谱联用法对蚕蛹油中脂肪酸成分分析[J].蚕桑通报,2011,42(1):14-16
[20]邹宇晓,吴娱明,廖森泰,等.不同萃取方法对缫丝蛹油脂肪酸组成及理化性质的影响[J].蚕业科学,2007,33(4):620-624
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[22]MCCANN J C,AMES B N.Is docosahexaenoic acid,an n-3 longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid,required for development of normal brain function?An overview of evidence from cognitive and behavioral tests in humans and animals[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2005,82(2):281-295
[23]胡金鹿,陈伟平,卓玛丽.蚕蛹油对高脂膳食大鼠血脂及脂代谢相关酶的影响[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(11):343-346
[24]吴晓霞,李建科,刘迎利.蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸对实验性高血脂大鼠的降脂作用[J].食品科学,2011,32(15):285-288
[25]MENTANG F,MAITA M,USHIO H,et al.Efficacy of silkworm(Bombyx mori L.)chrysalis oil as a lipid source in adult Wistar rats[J].Food Chem,2011,127(3):899-904
[26]王存解,张爱珍.蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸乙脂及柑桔果胶粉对肥胖大鼠血脂水平的影响[J].浙江预防医学,2007,19(12):6-8
[27]黄静,廖爱美,潘文娟,等.家蚕蛹油对大鼠肝脏脂质代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].食品科学,2011,32(5):273-276
[28]廖爱美.蚕蛹油的提取工艺优化、组分分析及其功能评价[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2009
[29]丁华,张岫美,魏欣冰,等.蚕蛹油多烯脂肪酸对大鼠血脂及血清EPA、DHA含量的影响[J].山东医科大学学报,2001,39(5):455-459
[30]徐家玉,吕晓华.蚕蛹油调节血脂作用的实验研究[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(12):2242-2243
[31]IDE T,MURATA M,SUGANO M.Stimulation of the activities of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes by dietary fat rich in alpha-linolenic acid in rats[J].J Lipid Res,1996,37(3):448-463
[32]吴娱明,邹宇晓,廖森泰,等.蚕蛹油的降血糖机制初探[J].蚕业科学,2007,33(4):694-697
[33]谢园沁,陈伟平,胡嘉磊.蚕蛹油对糖尿病大鼠血糖和糖代谢相关酶的影响[J].中草药,2012,43(6):1136-1141
[34]彭欣莉,郑鸿雁,昌友权,等.蚕蛹油改善小鼠记忆作用的实验研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(9):490-493
[35]陈伟平,杨琼洁,卫星.蚕蛹油对D-半乳糖模型小鼠学习记忆及氧化应激的影响[J].浙江大学学报(医学版),2013,42(6):620-624
[36]毛童俊.蚕蛹油对糖尿病大鼠血糖及氧化应激的影响[J].营养学报,2010,32(3):253-256
[37]朱增燕.蚕蛹油对大鼠高脂性脂肪性肝炎的治疗作用及其机制研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2010
[38]徐坚.蚕蛹油对高脂大鼠血脂水平及非酒精性脂肪肝形成的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[39]何自立,踩伟平,单巍.蚕蛹油对大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝形成的影响[J].中国微生态学杂志,2007,19(6):483-485
[40]高伟,司雁菱.蛹油α-亚麻酸乙酯胶丸治疗脂肪肝的临床疗效观察[J].中国新药杂志,2009,18(3):228-230
[41]陈伟平,谢园沁,胡金鹿.蚕蛹油对3种不同类型肝损伤小鼠的保护作用[J].食品科学,2012,33(15):291-296
[42]郑鸿雁,昌友权,曲红光,等.蚕蛹油抗血栓形成作用研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(9):484-486
[43]黄小霞.蚕蛹蛋白的提取研究进展[J].广东蚕业,2008,42(4):43-46
[44]BARTOSZ G,KOLAKOWSKA A.Lipid oxidation in food systems[M]∥SIKORSKI Z E,KOLAKOWSKA A.Chemical,biological,and functional aspects of food lipids.Florida:CRC Press,2010:163-184
[45]杨春燕,厉重先,荣瑞芬.植物油脂的氧化酸败机制及其预防研究[J].农产品加工,2010(12):85-88
[2]PEREIRA N R,FERRARESE O,MATSUSHITA M,et al.Proximate composition and fatty acid profile of Bombyx mori L.chrysalis toast[J].J Food Compost Anal,2003,16(4):451-457
[3]贾俊强,吴琼英,杜金娟,等.超声波辅助水酶法提取蚕蛹油工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析[J].食品科学,2014,35(16):52-57
[4]蒋艳忠.无水乙醇提取蚕蛹油的工艺研究[J].食品工业,2013,34(4):80-82
[5]裴素俭.蚕蛹的综合利用[J].特种经济动植物,2001,4(5):13-14
[6]朱新鹏.蚕蛹油开发利用研究进展[J].包装与食品机械,2012,30(2):53-56
[7]徐胜华,吴建一.浸出法脱蚕蛹油脂和蚕蛹蛋白的提取[J].嘉兴学院学报,2002,14(S1):118-122
[8]刘曼丽.模拟胃肠消化制备蚕蛹蛋白活性多肽及其生物活性研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2015
[9]张迎庆,余东霞,钟晓凌,等.溶剂萃取法提取蚕蛹油研究[J].现代商贸工业,2003,15(8):47-49
[10]钱俊青,金再宿.浸出法提取蚕蛹油脂的研究[J].中国粮油学报,1995,10(3):47-51
[11]蒋艳忠.无水乙醇提取蚕蛹油的工艺研究[J].食品工业,2013,34(4):80-82
[12]王玉芬.蚕蛹油提取以及担载rh GM-CSFW/O/W复乳的研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2012
[13]魏文毅,孙益娜,管健.超临界CO2流体萃取蚕蛹油脂研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2005,17(5):77-80
[14]张郁松.蚕蛹油超临界萃取与有机溶剂萃取的比较研究[J].粮油加工,2009(2):45-46
[15]陈颖娣,余丹,汪红富,等.蚕蛹三种不同方法提取的比较研究[J].食品科技,2015,35(3):194-199
[16]张道平,苏小建,何星基,等.采用酶解法提取蚕蛹油脂的工艺条件优化[J].蚕业科学,2013,39(4):828-831
[17]吴晓霞,李建科,张研宇.蚕蛹油超声波辅助萃取及其抗氧化稳定[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(8):1677-1687
[18]胡滨,陈一资,李诚,等.响应面法优化超声波辅助提取蚕蛹油的工艺研究[J].中国粮油学报,2015,31(2):44-51
[19]段爱莉,高贵田,潘静.气相色谱-质谱联用法对蚕蛹油中脂肪酸成分分析[J].蚕桑通报,2011,42(1):14-16
[20]邹宇晓,吴娱明,廖森泰,等.不同萃取方法对缫丝蛹油脂肪酸组成及理化性质的影响[J].蚕业科学,2007,33(4):620-624
[21]EZAKI O,TAKAHASHI M,SHIGEMATSU T,et al.Long-term effects of dietary alpha-linolenic acid from perilla oil on serum fatty acids composition and on the risk factors of coronary heart disease in Japanese elderly subjects[J].J Nutr Sci Vitaminol,1999,45(6):759-772
[22]MCCANN J C,AMES B N.Is docosahexaenoic acid,an n-3 longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid,required for development of normal brain function?An overview of evidence from cognitive and behavioral tests in humans and animals[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2005,82(2):281-295
[23]胡金鹿,陈伟平,卓玛丽.蚕蛹油对高脂膳食大鼠血脂及脂代谢相关酶的影响[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(11):343-346
[24]吴晓霞,李建科,刘迎利.蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸对实验性高血脂大鼠的降脂作用[J].食品科学,2011,32(15):285-288
[25]MENTANG F,MAITA M,USHIO H,et al.Efficacy of silkworm(Bombyx mori L.)chrysalis oil as a lipid source in adult Wistar rats[J].Food Chem,2011,127(3):899-904
[26]王存解,张爱珍.蚕蛹油α-亚麻酸乙脂及柑桔果胶粉对肥胖大鼠血脂水平的影响[J].浙江预防医学,2007,19(12):6-8
[27]黄静,廖爱美,潘文娟,等.家蚕蛹油对大鼠肝脏脂质代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].食品科学,2011,32(5):273-276
[28]廖爱美.蚕蛹油的提取工艺优化、组分分析及其功能评价[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2009
[29]丁华,张岫美,魏欣冰,等.蚕蛹油多烯脂肪酸对大鼠血脂及血清EPA、DHA含量的影响[J].山东医科大学学报,2001,39(5):455-459
[30]徐家玉,吕晓华.蚕蛹油调节血脂作用的实验研究[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(12):2242-2243
[31]IDE T,MURATA M,SUGANO M.Stimulation of the activities of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes by dietary fat rich in alpha-linolenic acid in rats[J].J Lipid Res,1996,37(3):448-463
[32]吴娱明,邹宇晓,廖森泰,等.蚕蛹油的降血糖机制初探[J].蚕业科学,2007,33(4):694-697
[33]谢园沁,陈伟平,胡嘉磊.蚕蛹油对糖尿病大鼠血糖和糖代谢相关酶的影响[J].中草药,2012,43(6):1136-1141
[34]彭欣莉,郑鸿雁,昌友权,等.蚕蛹油改善小鼠记忆作用的实验研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(9):490-493
[35]陈伟平,杨琼洁,卫星.蚕蛹油对D-半乳糖模型小鼠学习记忆及氧化应激的影响[J].浙江大学学报(医学版),2013,42(6):620-624
[36]毛童俊.蚕蛹油对糖尿病大鼠血糖及氧化应激的影响[J].营养学报,2010,32(3):253-256
[37]朱增燕.蚕蛹油对大鼠高脂性脂肪性肝炎的治疗作用及其机制研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2010
[38]徐坚.蚕蛹油对高脂大鼠血脂水平及非酒精性脂肪肝形成的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[39]何自立,踩伟平,单巍.蚕蛹油对大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝形成的影响[J].中国微生态学杂志,2007,19(6):483-485
[40]高伟,司雁菱.蛹油α-亚麻酸乙酯胶丸治疗脂肪肝的临床疗效观察[J].中国新药杂志,2009,18(3):228-230
[41]陈伟平,谢园沁,胡金鹿.蚕蛹油对3种不同类型肝损伤小鼠的保护作用[J].食品科学,2012,33(15):291-296
[42]郑鸿雁,昌友权,曲红光,等.蚕蛹油抗血栓形成作用研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(9):484-486
[43]黄小霞.蚕蛹蛋白的提取研究进展[J].广东蚕业,2008,42(4):43-46
[44]BARTOSZ G,KOLAKOWSKA A.Lipid oxidation in food systems[M]∥SIKORSKI Z E,KOLAKOWSKA A.Chemical,biological,and functional aspects of food lipids.Florida:CRC Press,2010:163-184
[45]杨春燕,厉重先,荣瑞芬.植物油脂的氧化酸败机制及其预防研究[J].农产品加工,2010(12):85-88