不等螺旋角立铣刀的抗振性及设计研究
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摘要
分析传统立铣刀工作时产生振动的原因,提出不等螺旋角立铣刀抗振原理。根据其结构特点,推导出不等螺旋角立铣刀在圆周方向上等分隔处的刃长的计算公式。通过瓦尔特机床公司tool-studio加工软件模拟铣刀的槽形截面图,验证了公式的正确性,并举例论述公式的应用。根据公式分析了立铣刀各刃等分隔的影响因素,并得出铣刀的直径、螺旋角和齿间夹角对立铣刀刃长的影响最大,从而提出不等螺旋角立铣刀结构设计的思路。为了验证不等螺旋角立铣刀抗振性,进行拐角铣削和侧铣对比切削试验,结果表明:与传统立铣刀相比,不等螺旋角立铣刀具有抑制振动和提高工件表面粗糙度的优点。
Analyzing vibration of traditional end mill in working,this paper presents vibration-resist mechanism of variable helix end mill. As the structural characteristic,formulas to calculate the length of cutting edges intervals between each other of the variable helix end mill in a peripheral direction are deduced. The formulas are proved by the flutes in cross-sections perpendicular to the axis. The application of the formulas is explained. According to the formulas,the factors influencing intervals between each cutting edge are analyzed. Furthermore,the effect of end mill the diameter,helix angles and pitch angles. The design method for variable helix end mill is advanced. In order to prove vibration-resist of variable helix end mill,cutting comparative experiment of corner and plane milling is done. The experimental results show that variable helix end mill compared with conventional end mill can be applied to determine vibration and improve surface roughness of the workpieces.
Analyzing vibration of traditional end mill in working,this paper presents vibration-resist mechanism of variable helix end mill. As the structural characteristic,formulas to calculate the length of cutting edges intervals between each other of the variable helix end mill in a peripheral direction are deduced. The formulas are proved by the flutes in cross-sections perpendicular to the axis. The application of the formulas is explained. According to the formulas,the factors influencing intervals between each cutting edge are analyzed. Furthermore,the effect of end mill the diameter,helix angles and pitch angles. The design method for variable helix end mill is advanced. In order to prove vibration-resist of variable helix end mill,cutting comparative experiment of corner and plane milling is done. The experimental results show that variable helix end mill compared with conventional end mill can be applied to determine vibration and improve surface roughness of the workpieces.
引文
[1]李辉,张宇平,刘凤利.不等齿距端铣刀对端铣振动影响的研究[J].机械科学与技术,2003,22(3):408-411.
[2]张春江.钛合金切削加工技术[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1986.
[3]李辉,刘凤利.新型减振端铣刀的研究[J].华北理工大学学报(自然科学版),1994,16(4):16-22.
[4]翁泽宇,鲁建厦,谢伟东,等.切削颤振控制研究进展[J].浙江工业大学学报,2002,30(4):323-327.
[5]万熠.高速铣削航空铝合金刀具失效机理及刀具寿命研究[D].济南:山东大学,2006.
[6]赵婷婷.切削颤振控制技术的研究现状[J].山东理工大学学报,2006,20(3):107-110.
[7]许晋.一种不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN101983812B[P].2012-4-25.
[8]许晋.高强度不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN101983810A[P].2011-3-9.
[9]许晋.不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN101983811A[P].2011-3-9.
[10]许晋,等.实际前角不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN102398068A[P],2012-4-4.
[11]汤爱民,周志雄,曾滔.不等齿距三刃高速立铣刀的动平衡及设计[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(13):180-185.
[12]陈露露.不等齿距整体立铣刀计算机辅助设计技术研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[13]徐璞.非均布刀齿的立铣刀制造及其铣槽刀设计[J].太原工学院学报,1961(1):22-40.
[14]易逢春.伊斯卡新型防振降噪整体硬质合金立铣刀[J].工具技术,2015,49(4):29.
[15]付国华,孙艳秋,张伟华,等.铣刀的减振研究[J].汽轮机技术,1997(2):109-113.
[16]岩部,洋育.Cutting mechanism and cutting performance of machining for inclined surface by oval end mill[J].Manufacturing&Machine Tool Conference,2004:267-268.
[17]Alexander Khina.Helical flute end mill.USD627,806S[P].2010-11-23.
[18]David J.Povich.Rotary cutting tool.US2007/0201957A1[P].2007-8-30.
[19]Xu,Jin.Unequal helix-angle end mill.EP2607000A1[P].2013-6-26.
[2]张春江.钛合金切削加工技术[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1986.
[3]李辉,刘凤利.新型减振端铣刀的研究[J].华北理工大学学报(自然科学版),1994,16(4):16-22.
[4]翁泽宇,鲁建厦,谢伟东,等.切削颤振控制研究进展[J].浙江工业大学学报,2002,30(4):323-327.
[5]万熠.高速铣削航空铝合金刀具失效机理及刀具寿命研究[D].济南:山东大学,2006.
[6]赵婷婷.切削颤振控制技术的研究现状[J].山东理工大学学报,2006,20(3):107-110.
[7]许晋.一种不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN101983812B[P].2012-4-25.
[8]许晋.高强度不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN101983810A[P].2011-3-9.
[9]许晋.不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN101983811A[P].2011-3-9.
[10]许晋,等.实际前角不等螺旋角立铣刀:中国,CN102398068A[P],2012-4-4.
[11]汤爱民,周志雄,曾滔.不等齿距三刃高速立铣刀的动平衡及设计[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(13):180-185.
[12]陈露露.不等齿距整体立铣刀计算机辅助设计技术研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[13]徐璞.非均布刀齿的立铣刀制造及其铣槽刀设计[J].太原工学院学报,1961(1):22-40.
[14]易逢春.伊斯卡新型防振降噪整体硬质合金立铣刀[J].工具技术,2015,49(4):29.
[15]付国华,孙艳秋,张伟华,等.铣刀的减振研究[J].汽轮机技术,1997(2):109-113.
[16]岩部,洋育.Cutting mechanism and cutting performance of machining for inclined surface by oval end mill[J].Manufacturing&Machine Tool Conference,2004:267-268.
[17]Alexander Khina.Helical flute end mill.USD627,806S[P].2010-11-23.
[18]David J.Povich.Rotary cutting tool.US2007/0201957A1[P].2007-8-30.
[19]Xu,Jin.Unequal helix-angle end mill.EP2607000A1[P].2013-6-26.