我国六城市2011—2016年医疗机构急(抢)救药品使用现状分析
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摘要
目的:以中华医学会、中国医师协会公布的急(抢)救药品示范药品(2016年)为依据,分析2011—2016年我国六城市医疗机构急(抢)救药品使用现状,为急(抢)救药品目录调整提供数据参考。方法:利用中国药学会处方分析项目组数据库数据,运用Access分析急(抢)救药品科室分布情况,并对急(抢)救药品的用药频次、用药金额、用药数量进行统计排序,计算药品用药频度(DDDs)。结果:数据库覆盖20个急诊科室,用药数据7 312 803条。急诊科、急诊内科、急诊观察室、急诊外科、急诊神经内科和急诊儿科的用药频次和用药金额均排在前位。急(抢)救药品目录共101种(按通用名和规格),急(抢)救药品示范药品销售总金额平稳增长,在急诊药品销售总金额所占的比例较为稳定。多数药品用药频次变化不大,注射用破伤风抗毒素在六年度均居首位。血友病用药金额在六年度均居首位,但用药频次统计中排名未进入前20位。乙酰半胱氨酸注射液2011年销售金额为0,2012—2016年销售金额迅速增长,2016年度销售金额排序位居第6。多数药品用药频度变化不大,多巴胺注射液用药频度连续6年一直居于各药品首位,注射用破伤风抗毒素、甘露醇注射液、硝酸甘油注射液年度用药频度均位居前列。结论:2011—2016年六大城市急(抢)救药品示范药品用药频次和用药频度居于前位的多为心血管系统、神经系统药物。注射用生物制品破伤风抗毒素在急诊应用频次最高。血友病用药在急诊的用药金额最高,建议制定相应的保障政策,减轻血友病患者的经济负担。
Objective: The current situation of emergency medicine use in medical institution in six cities of China from 2011 to 2016 is analyzed on the basis of the emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs( 2016)released by the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese Medical Association,providing data reference for the inventory adjustment of emergency( rescue) drug. Methods: The data of team database is analyzed using Chinese Pharmaceutical Association prescription and the departmental distribution of the emergency medication is analyzed by software of Access. The frequency of medication,medication amount and medication quantity of the emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs are statistically sorted to calculate the defined daily dose( DDDs). Results: The database covers 20 emergency departments and 7 312 803 medication data. The frequency of medication and the medication amount of Emergency Department,Emergency Internal Medicine,Emergency Observation Room,Emergency Surgery,Emergency Neurology and Emergency Pediatrics are ranked in the first place. 101 kinds ofemergency( rescue) demonstration drugs( in common name and specifications) were announced. The total sales amount of emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs increased steadily,and occupied a steady proportion in the total sales amount of the emergency drugs. For most drugs the frequency of medication changed little,and tetanus antitoxin for injection ranked first in six years. The medication amount of hemophilia medication was in the first place in six year,but its frequency of medication was not ranked in the top 20. The sales amount of acetylsalicylic acid injection was 0 in 2011,but had a rapid growth from 2012 to 2016. The sales amount was ranked sixth in2016. The DDDs of most drugs changed little,and dopamine injection ranked first in six years. The DDDs of tetanus antitoxin for injection,mannitol injection and nitroglycerin injection were among the top. Conclusions:Based on the statistics of the frequency of medication and the DDDS of the emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs in six major cities from 2011 to 2016,cardiovascular drugs and neurological drugs live in the first place. Biological products tetanus antitoxin is in the highest frequency of emergency application. Hemophilia drug is in the highest amount of emergency medication. It is recommended to develop appropriate security policies to reduce the financial burden of hemophiliacs.
Objective: The current situation of emergency medicine use in medical institution in six cities of China from 2011 to 2016 is analyzed on the basis of the emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs( 2016)released by the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese Medical Association,providing data reference for the inventory adjustment of emergency( rescue) drug. Methods: The data of team database is analyzed using Chinese Pharmaceutical Association prescription and the departmental distribution of the emergency medication is analyzed by software of Access. The frequency of medication,medication amount and medication quantity of the emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs are statistically sorted to calculate the defined daily dose( DDDs). Results: The database covers 20 emergency departments and 7 312 803 medication data. The frequency of medication and the medication amount of Emergency Department,Emergency Internal Medicine,Emergency Observation Room,Emergency Surgery,Emergency Neurology and Emergency Pediatrics are ranked in the first place. 101 kinds ofemergency( rescue) demonstration drugs( in common name and specifications) were announced. The total sales amount of emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs increased steadily,and occupied a steady proportion in the total sales amount of the emergency drugs. For most drugs the frequency of medication changed little,and tetanus antitoxin for injection ranked first in six years. The medication amount of hemophilia medication was in the first place in six year,but its frequency of medication was not ranked in the top 20. The sales amount of acetylsalicylic acid injection was 0 in 2011,but had a rapid growth from 2012 to 2016. The sales amount was ranked sixth in2016. The DDDs of most drugs changed little,and dopamine injection ranked first in six years. The DDDs of tetanus antitoxin for injection,mannitol injection and nitroglycerin injection were among the top. Conclusions:Based on the statistics of the frequency of medication and the DDDS of the emergency( rescue) demonstration drugs in six major cities from 2011 to 2016,cardiovascular drugs and neurological drugs live in the first place. Biological products tetanus antitoxin is in the highest frequency of emergency application. Hemophilia drug is in the highest amount of emergency medication. It is recommended to develop appropriate security policies to reduce the financial burden of hemophiliacs.
引文
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[5]徐堃.急诊外科创伤伤口感染的预防和控制研究[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2016,59:11781-11783.
[6]蔡云峰,何秀屏.门急诊破伤风抗毒素合理用药分析[J].今日药学,2017,7:490-492.
[7]杨贵博,王传林.破伤风预防现状及常见误区[J].创伤外科杂志,2014,16(1):94-96.
[8]杨胜军,刘军生,高祥云,等.人破伤风免疫球蛋白与马血清破伤风抗毒素临床应用[J].中国急诊医学杂志,2004,13(5):350-351.
[9]赵玲.我国每年尚缺少13万瓶治疗血友病药[N].中国医药报,2010-04-15(A04).
[10]吴东.大剂量纳洛酮抢救急性酒精中毒的临床效果分析[J].基层医学论坛,2017,4:442-443.
[11]中华医学会感染病学分会肝衰竭与人工肝学组.肝衰竭诊治指南(2012年版)[J].中华临床感染病杂志,2012,5(6):321-327.
[2]王强,金岩,李婉.药品的解剖学治疗学化学分类索引及规定日剂量[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2003:40-80.
[3]陈新谦,金有豫,汤光.新编药物学[M]. 16版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:44-47.
[4]吴信杰.心血管疾病急诊患者的临床特点分析及治疗对策探析[J].心血管病防治知识(学术版),2016,8:1-3.
[5]徐堃.急诊外科创伤伤口感染的预防和控制研究[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2016,59:11781-11783.
[6]蔡云峰,何秀屏.门急诊破伤风抗毒素合理用药分析[J].今日药学,2017,7:490-492.
[7]杨贵博,王传林.破伤风预防现状及常见误区[J].创伤外科杂志,2014,16(1):94-96.
[8]杨胜军,刘军生,高祥云,等.人破伤风免疫球蛋白与马血清破伤风抗毒素临床应用[J].中国急诊医学杂志,2004,13(5):350-351.
[9]赵玲.我国每年尚缺少13万瓶治疗血友病药[N].中国医药报,2010-04-15(A04).
[10]吴东.大剂量纳洛酮抢救急性酒精中毒的临床效果分析[J].基层医学论坛,2017,4:442-443.
[11]中华医学会感染病学分会肝衰竭与人工肝学组.肝衰竭诊治指南(2012年版)[J].中华临床感染病杂志,2012,5(6):321-327.