基于观察研究法的老年家具设计研究及实践
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摘要
我国已进入老龄化社会的高速增长期,养老产业从地产、服务到产品都获得了社会的极大关注。家具与老年人的居住舒适度直接相关,老年人由于身体机能的衰退和生活习惯的不同对家具有一些特殊的需求,因此老年家具是目前家具设计中急待进行深入研究的领域。当代中国老年人由于生活经历和消费习惯的特殊性,传统的问卷和访谈方法往往难以获得老年人的真实需求描述,需要通过更加深入的研究方法进行研究。本文阐述了运用设计人类学中的观察研究法进行老年家具设计研究的优势以及运用该方法进行入户观察调研的具体研究实施过程,针对一类用户的观察研究组织包括观察研究计划的指定、预观察和观察计划实施三个主要阶段,观察研究法的应用为老年家具设计研究提出了一种新的研究方法和研究角度。本文作为序列文章中的第一篇,主要阐述研究的方法和过程,后续将陆续阐述本研究的分析和设计实践内容。
China has entered the rapidly growth period of aging society,the endowment industry from the real estate,services to products have attrated great attention from the society.Furniture is directly related to the comfort of the elderly.Due to declining physical function and different life habits of elederly people,so they have some special needs for furniture.Therefore,the elderly furniture is currently urgent to carry out indepth research.In consideration of the particularity of life experience and consumption habit of Chinese elderly people,traditional methods such as questionnaires and interview are difficult to obtain their real needs,so a more in-depth research method is in need.This paper expounds the advantages of using the observational research method in the design anthropology to study the design of the elderly's furniture,and describes the specific research and implementation process of applying this method to household observation and investigation.Three main stages--the designation,preview and observation plan implementation is included in the observational research method which aims at a special group.As a result,a new research method and research angle has put forward for the design of the elderly's furniture.This paper,as the first article in the series,mainly expounds the method and process of the research.The analysis and design practice of the research will show successively.
China has entered the rapidly growth period of aging society,the endowment industry from the real estate,services to products have attrated great attention from the society.Furniture is directly related to the comfort of the elderly.Due to declining physical function and different life habits of elederly people,so they have some special needs for furniture.Therefore,the elderly furniture is currently urgent to carry out indepth research.In consideration of the particularity of life experience and consumption habit of Chinese elderly people,traditional methods such as questionnaires and interview are difficult to obtain their real needs,so a more in-depth research method is in need.This paper expounds the advantages of using the observational research method in the design anthropology to study the design of the elderly's furniture,and describes the specific research and implementation process of applying this method to household observation and investigation.Three main stages--the designation,preview and observation plan implementation is included in the observational research method which aims at a special group.As a result,a new research method and research angle has put forward for the design of the elderly's furniture.This paper,as the first article in the series,mainly expounds the method and process of the research.The analysis and design practice of the research will show successively.
引文
[1]周雪松,老龄人口峰值近5亿须重视质量型人口红利[N].中国经济时报,2018-2-28(006).
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[3]徐颖异,吕九芳,王玮.老年人卧室家具现状分析与改进[J].家具,2017,(02):87-93.
[4]刘晓红.“适老家具”的发展现状与未来趋势[J].家具与室内装饰,2017,(08):17-20.
[5]程不二.老年人家具中怀旧文化探析[J].中小企业管理与科技(下旬刊),2016,(01):126-128.
[6]周燕珉,陈星.养老设施调研分析及设计建议[J].建筑学报,2014,(05):65-69.
[7]戴力农.设计调研[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014.
[8]朱婕.设计人类学角度的家具设计用户研究[J].家具与室内装饰,2017,(12):28-30.
[9]黄嘉琳.行为模式研究在公共等待家具中的应用——以儿童室内游乐场为例[J].家具与室内装饰,2016,(05):64-65.
[10]戴力农.基于使用者研究的家具创新[J].家具,2007,(02):71-73.
[11]Kumar V,Liedtka J,Whitney P.Daily life,not markets:customer‐centered design[J].Journal of Business Strategy,2007,28(04):46-58.
[12]李雪莲.不同住宅类型的老年人坐卧家具功能差异化研究[J].家具与室内装饰,2015,(06):16-19.
[13]朱婕,张亚池,戴力农.观察研究法在家具设计用户研究中的应用[J].家具,2016,(06):32-38.
[2]周燕珉,陈星.养老设施调研分析及设计建议[J].建筑学报,2014,(05):65-69.
[3]徐颖异,吕九芳,王玮.老年人卧室家具现状分析与改进[J].家具,2017,(02):87-93.
[4]刘晓红.“适老家具”的发展现状与未来趋势[J].家具与室内装饰,2017,(08):17-20.
[5]程不二.老年人家具中怀旧文化探析[J].中小企业管理与科技(下旬刊),2016,(01):126-128.
[6]周燕珉,陈星.养老设施调研分析及设计建议[J].建筑学报,2014,(05):65-69.
[7]戴力农.设计调研[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014.
[8]朱婕.设计人类学角度的家具设计用户研究[J].家具与室内装饰,2017,(12):28-30.
[9]黄嘉琳.行为模式研究在公共等待家具中的应用——以儿童室内游乐场为例[J].家具与室内装饰,2016,(05):64-65.
[10]戴力农.基于使用者研究的家具创新[J].家具,2007,(02):71-73.
[11]Kumar V,Liedtka J,Whitney P.Daily life,not markets:customer‐centered design[J].Journal of Business Strategy,2007,28(04):46-58.
[12]李雪莲.不同住宅类型的老年人坐卧家具功能差异化研究[J].家具与室内装饰,2015,(06):16-19.
[13]朱婕,张亚池,戴力农.观察研究法在家具设计用户研究中的应用[J].家具,2016,(06):32-38.