一种利用无线信号的被动式多目标定位系统
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摘要
针对真实环境中的多径分布及非视距路径的多目标定位问题,基于指纹库匹配的思想,在无源射频识别标签环境中,提出一种被动式多目标定位系统.重点针对多目标的计数问题进行了深入的分析,通过无源标签边缘检测,将标签间距离与目标个数建立函数关系,并对阅读器碰撞现象进行分析,从而确保定位数据的有效性与目标统计的精确性;其次,探索了目标相对于标签位置的相异性,并利用标签位置作为目标定位的约束条件,提升定位精度.在真实环境中对该系统予以测试,实验数据表明,该系统在目标个数统计与定位精度两个方面有效且均能满足设计要求,并较现有方法有明显提高.
Passive localization plays a critical role in the Internet industry.However,current methods only analyze and calculate the signal distortion of the target which generates in the Line of Sight without considering the Non Line of Sight and multipath effects.To address the problem,we present the multi-targets location system via the RFID base on the fingerprint matching.First,this paper uses the passive tag edge detection to build the function relation between the target distance and the target number,and analyzes the reader collision phenomenon to address multi-targets counting,further ensuring the effectiveness of location data and the accuracy of target statistics;Second,this paper improves localization accuracy by exploring the arteritis of the target relative to the tag position and using the tag position as the constraints.We conduct extensive experiments in 2 scenarios for 3 areas.Compared with other approaches,the system we proposed improves the target counting and location accuracy,scalability and robustness under various scenarios.
Passive localization plays a critical role in the Internet industry.However,current methods only analyze and calculate the signal distortion of the target which generates in the Line of Sight without considering the Non Line of Sight and multipath effects.To address the problem,we present the multi-targets location system via the RFID base on the fingerprint matching.First,this paper uses the passive tag edge detection to build the function relation between the target distance and the target number,and analyzes the reader collision phenomenon to address multi-targets counting,further ensuring the effectiveness of location data and the accuracy of target statistics;Second,this paper improves localization accuracy by exploring the arteritis of the target relative to the tag position and using the tag position as the constraints.We conduct extensive experiments in 2 scenarios for 3 areas.Compared with other approaches,the system we proposed improves the target counting and location accuracy,scalability and robustness under various scenarios.
引文
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[2]BOCCA M,KALTIOKALLIO O,PATWARI N,et al.Multiple Target Tracking with RF Sensor Networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2014,13(8):1787-1800.
[3]NANNURU S,LI Y P,ZENG Y,et al.Radio-frequency Tomography for Passive Indoor Multitarget Tracking[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2013,12(12):2322-2333.
[4]ADIB F,KABELAC Z,KATABI D,et al.3D Tracking via Body Radio Reflections[C]//Proceedings of the 11th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation.Berkeley:USENIX Association,2014:317-329.
[5]马鑫迪,马建峰,高胜.室内定位系统中指纹库的优化方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2015,42(6):81-87.MA Xindi,MA Jianfeng,GAO Sheng.Fingerprint Optimization Method for the Indoor Localization System[J].Journal of Xidian University,2015,42(6):81-87.
[6]WANG J,GAO Q H,WANG H Y,et al.Device-free Localization with Multidimensional Wireless Link Information[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2015,64(1):356-366.
[7]ZHANG D,LIU Y H,NI L M.RASS:a Real-time,Accurate,and Scalable System for Tracking Transceiver-free Objects[J].IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,2013,24(5):996-1008.
[8]WANG J,KATABI D.Dude,Where's My Card?RFID Positioning that Works with Multipath and Non-line of Sight[J].ACM Sigcomm Computer Communication Review,2013,43(4):51-62.
[9]ADIB F,KATABI D.See through Walls with Wi-Fi![C]//Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013Conference on SIGCOMM.New York:ACM,2013:75-86
[10]ADIB F,KABELAC Z,KATABI D.Multi-person Localization via RF Body Reflections[C]//Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation.Berkeley:USENIX Association,2015:279-292.
[11]JOSHI K,BHARADIA D,KOTARU M,et al.Wideo:Fine-grained Device-free Motion Tracing Using RF Backscatter[C]//Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation.Berkeley:USENIX Association,2015:189-204.
[12]HAN J S,QIAN C,WANG X,et al.Twins:Device-free Object Tracking using Passive Tags[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2016,24(3):1605-1617.
[13]LIU Y H,ZHAO Y Y,CHEN L,et al.Mining Frequent Trajectory Patterns for Activity Monitoring Using Radio Frequency Tag Arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,2012,23(11):2138-2149.
[14]SHANGGUAN L F,YANG Z,LIU A X,et al.Relative Localization of RFID Tags Using Spatial-temporal Phase Profiling[C]//Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation.Berkeley:USENIX Association,2015:251-263.
[15]CHEN Y J,LIU Z L,FU X W,et al.Theory Underlying Measurement of AoA with a Rotating Directional[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM.Piscataway:IEEE,2013:2490-2498.
[16]WANG J,XIE B B,FANG D Y,et al.Accurate Device-free Localization with Little Human Cost[C]//Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Smart Objects,Co-located with MobiCom 2015.New York:ACM,2015:55-60.