生物质锅炉多效烟气净化装置设计与性能研究
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摘要
为进一步降低生物质锅炉烟气排放污染,针对生物质锅炉烟气排放特点,设计了一种具有除尘、脱硫、余热利用功能的多效烟气净化装置,研究了该装置的工艺设计、系统计算,考察了该套装置的连续烟气净化性能。生物质锅炉多效烟气净化装置经过连续性运行,整体运行稳定,烟气温度、烟气SO_2含量、烟尘含量、SO_2去除率、烟尘去除率等工艺参数和运行指标均较为平稳。出口烟气温度控制在(62±3)℃范围内,平均出口烟气SO_2质量浓度为4.2 mg/m~3,SO_2去除率达到70.6%。平均出口烟尘质量浓度为4.6 mg/m~3,烟尘去除率达到90.57%,具有较好的运行稳定性和较高的除尘、脱硫效率。
Boiler flue gas has become an important source of atmospheric pollution,biomass fuel boiler was applied widely. However,the biomass boiler flue gas purification technology and equipment was shortage. In order to further reduce the pollution of biomass flue gas emissions,a multiple flue gas purification device with dust removal,desulphurization and waste heat utilization was developed. Flue gas dust removal using cyclone separation and atomized spray method,flue gas desulfurization using alkaline water washing and atomized spray desulphurization,waste heat utilization using high,low pressure multistage flue gas heat transfer utilization. The structure design, system calculation and running performance of this biomass flue gas purification device were also studied. The study showed that the flue gas purification device showed a stable operation characteristic and high purification efficiency,which gas temperature,SO_2 content, dust content, SO_2 removal rate, dust removal rate and other operating parameters were stable during the continuous operation. The result showed that the outlet gas temperature was( 62 ± 3) ℃,SO_2 concentration 4. 2 mg/m~3,and dust content of 4. 6 mg/m~3. The mean SO_2 and dust removal rate add up to 70. 6% and 90. 57% respectively. The multiple flue gas purification device had good operating stability and high dust removal,desulfurization efficiency.
Boiler flue gas has become an important source of atmospheric pollution,biomass fuel boiler was applied widely. However,the biomass boiler flue gas purification technology and equipment was shortage. In order to further reduce the pollution of biomass flue gas emissions,a multiple flue gas purification device with dust removal,desulphurization and waste heat utilization was developed. Flue gas dust removal using cyclone separation and atomized spray method,flue gas desulfurization using alkaline water washing and atomized spray desulphurization,waste heat utilization using high,low pressure multistage flue gas heat transfer utilization. The structure design, system calculation and running performance of this biomass flue gas purification device were also studied. The study showed that the flue gas purification device showed a stable operation characteristic and high purification efficiency,which gas temperature,SO_2 content, dust content, SO_2 removal rate, dust removal rate and other operating parameters were stable during the continuous operation. The result showed that the outlet gas temperature was( 62 ± 3) ℃,SO_2 concentration 4. 2 mg/m~3,and dust content of 4. 6 mg/m~3. The mean SO_2 and dust removal rate add up to 70. 6% and 90. 57% respectively. The multiple flue gas purification device had good operating stability and high dust removal,desulfurization efficiency.
引文
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15解海卫.城市生活垃圾与生物质混烧发电及烟气净化的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007.JIE Haiwei.Study on co-combustion power generation of municipal solid waste with biomass and flue gas purification[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007.(in Chinese)
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18陈国金.中小型燃煤锅炉脱硫除尘及节能技术[J].动力工程,2003,23(2):2330-2332.CHEN Guojin.Research on technology of desulphurizing,dedusting and energy-saving of middle and small-sized coal fired boilers[J].Power Engineering,2003,23(2):2330-2332.(in Chinese)
19张鹏.卡尔指数法在评价煤粉粉体特性中的应用[J].中国粉体技术,2000,10(5):33-36.ZHANG Peng.Application of Carr index method in comprehensive evaluating properties of coal powder[J].China Powder Science and Technology,2000,10(5):33-36.(in Chinese)
20钱付平,章名耀.基于边界层理论旋风分离器分离效率的改进模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(5):71-75.QIAN Fuping,ZHANG Mingyao.An extended model for determining the separation efficiency of a cyclone with boundary layer theory[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2007,27(5):71-75.(in Chinese)
21岳焕焕.烟气及排烟系统对喷淋系统的影响分析[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(3):449-452.YUE Huanhuan.Impact analysis of smoke and exhaust system for the sprinkler syetem[J].Journal of Shandong Agricultural University:Natural Science,2012,43(3):449-452.(in Chinese)
22赵增慧,于力,梁存珍.提高湿法烟气脱硫喷淋塔脱硫和除尘效率的探讨[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2014,22(3):18-23.ZHAO Zenghui,YU Li,LIANG Cunzhen.A study on improving the efficiency of wet flue gas desulphurization and dust removal[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Petro-chemical Technology,2014,22(3):18-23.(in Chinese)
23魏宏鸽,叶伟平,柴磊,等.湿法脱硫系统除尘效果分析与提效措施[J].中国电力,2015,48(8):33-35.WEI Hongge,YE Weiping,CHAI Lei,et al.Analysis of dust removal effect in wet-FGD system and its efficiency-enhancement techniques[J].Electric Power,2015,48(8):33-35.(in Chinese)
2李大中,王晨颖,娄云.垃圾与煤、秸秆混燃锅炉污染物排放优化[J/OL].农业机械学报,2012,43(7):117-123.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20120722&flag=1.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2012.07.022.LI Dazhong,WANG Chenying,LOU Yun.Pollutant emission optimization of boiler burning waste mixed with coal and straw[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(7):117-123.(in Chinese)
3 HOSSEINI S,URBANSKI S P,DIXIT P,et al.Laboratory characterization of PM emissions from combustion of wildland biomass fuels[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2013,118(17):9914-9929.
4欧春华,李蜀庆,张军,等.重庆市煤改气及其环境效益分析[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2004,27(11):100-104.OU Chunhua,LI Shuqing,ZHANG Jun,et al.Boiler transforming from using coal into using natural gas in Chongqing and analysis of its environmental benefits[J].Journal of Chongqing University:Natural Science Edition,2004,27(11):100-104.(in Chinese)
5 CHANG Guanqin,SONG Cunyi,WANG Li.A modeling and experimental study of flue gas desulfurization in a dense phase tower[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,189(1-2):134-140.
6刘联胜,赵荣煊,王高月,等.基于ASPEN PLUS的烟气气氛下生物质气化模拟[J/OL].农业机械学报,2017,48(6):278-283.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20170636&flag=1.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.036.LIU Liansheng,ZHAO Rongxuan,WANG Gaoyue,et al.Simulation on pyrolysis gasification of biomass in flue gas based on ASPEN PLUS[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):278-283.(in Chinese)
7 KENDRY P M.Energy production from biomass(part2):conversion technologies[J].Bioresource Technology,2002,83:47-54.
8 JOHANSSON L S,TULLIN C,LEEKNER B,et al.Particle emissions from biomass combustion in small combustors[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2003,25(4):435-446.
9龚彬,余春江,王准,等.生物质炉排锅炉飞灰特性及影响因素分析[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(7):1671-1676.GONG Bin,YU Chunjiang,WANG Zhun,et al.Study on abnormities and influencing factors of fly a biomass-fired grate boiler[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(7):1671-1676.(in Chinese)
10翟万里,刘圣勇,管泽运,等.生物质成型燃料链条蒸汽锅炉的研制[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):243-249.ZHAI Wanli,LIU Shengyong,GUAN Zeyun,et al.Development of chain-steam boiler for biomass briquette[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(1):243-249.(in Chinese)
11苏俊林,王震坤,矫振伟.高效洁净生物质锅炉的开发及应用[J].农机化研究,2009,31(8):202-208.SU Junlin,WANG Zhenkun,JIAO Zhenwei.The exploitation and application on biomass boiler by high efficiency and clean combustion[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2009,31(8):202-208.(in Chinese)
12余有芳,尚鹏鹏,盛奎川.生物质燃烧烟气排放特性与污染物控制[J].农业工程,2017,7(2):50-54.YU Youfang,SHANG Pengpeng,SHENG Kuichuan.Emission characteristics and pollutant control of biomass combustion[J].Agricultural Engineering,2017,7(2):50-54.(in Chinese)
13 ROY M M,DUTTA A,CORSCADDEN K W.An experimental study of combustion and emissions of biomass pellets in a prototype pellet furnace[J].Applied Energy,2013,108(8):298-307.
14姚宗路,赵立欣,RONNBACK M,等.生物质颗粒燃料特性及其对燃烧的影响分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(10):97-102.YAO Zonglu,ZHAO Lixin,RONNBACK M,et al.Comparison on effect of characterization of biomass pellet fuels on combustion behavior[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(10):97-102.(in Chinese)
15解海卫.城市生活垃圾与生物质混烧发电及烟气净化的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007.JIE Haiwei.Study on co-combustion power generation of municipal solid waste with biomass and flue gas purification[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007.(in Chinese)
16 TAO Min,JIN Baosheng,ZHONG Wenqi,et al.Modeling and experimental study on mufti-level humidifying of the under feed circulating spouted bed for flue gas desulfurization[J].Powder Technology,2010,198(1):93-100.
17钟瑾,朱庚富.垃圾焚烧发电过程中的二次污染物控制处理技术[J].污染防治技术,2007,20(3):56-60.ZHONG Jin,ZHU Gengfu.Control and disposal technology of secondary pollutant from power generation by incineration of rubbish[J].Pollution Control Technology,2007,20(3):56-60.(in Chinese)
18陈国金.中小型燃煤锅炉脱硫除尘及节能技术[J].动力工程,2003,23(2):2330-2332.CHEN Guojin.Research on technology of desulphurizing,dedusting and energy-saving of middle and small-sized coal fired boilers[J].Power Engineering,2003,23(2):2330-2332.(in Chinese)
19张鹏.卡尔指数法在评价煤粉粉体特性中的应用[J].中国粉体技术,2000,10(5):33-36.ZHANG Peng.Application of Carr index method in comprehensive evaluating properties of coal powder[J].China Powder Science and Technology,2000,10(5):33-36.(in Chinese)
20钱付平,章名耀.基于边界层理论旋风分离器分离效率的改进模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(5):71-75.QIAN Fuping,ZHANG Mingyao.An extended model for determining the separation efficiency of a cyclone with boundary layer theory[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2007,27(5):71-75.(in Chinese)
21岳焕焕.烟气及排烟系统对喷淋系统的影响分析[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(3):449-452.YUE Huanhuan.Impact analysis of smoke and exhaust system for the sprinkler syetem[J].Journal of Shandong Agricultural University:Natural Science,2012,43(3):449-452.(in Chinese)
22赵增慧,于力,梁存珍.提高湿法烟气脱硫喷淋塔脱硫和除尘效率的探讨[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2014,22(3):18-23.ZHAO Zenghui,YU Li,LIANG Cunzhen.A study on improving the efficiency of wet flue gas desulphurization and dust removal[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Petro-chemical Technology,2014,22(3):18-23.(in Chinese)
23魏宏鸽,叶伟平,柴磊,等.湿法脱硫系统除尘效果分析与提效措施[J].中国电力,2015,48(8):33-35.WEI Hongge,YE Weiping,CHAI Lei,et al.Analysis of dust removal effect in wet-FGD system and its efficiency-enhancement techniques[J].Electric Power,2015,48(8):33-35.(in Chinese)