基于CFD计算的轴流泵改型设计和效果
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摘要
为了解决南水北调淮安二站改造工程中,水泵水力模型TJ05-ZL-02与现场土建结构存在的轮毂比不对应的问题,该文基于CFD数值计算针对淮安二站主水泵进行改型分析研究。将轮毂比为0.4的TJ05-ZL-02水力模型改成轮毂比为0.4667的新模型,确保改型之后的水泵模型跟TJ05-ZL-02水力模型性能相似,能够满足淮安二站调水、排涝的工程要求,同时应适当减小流量系数,适当降低高效区扬程。在改型设计时,研究主要设计参数对轴流泵性能的影响,控制叶片性能变化的方向,采用CFD数值计算的方法,对设计参数改变后的轴流泵水力性能进行验证,确定最终的改型设计方案。通过数值模拟对TJ05-ZL-02和改型的最终设计方案进行泵装置性能研究。最后将改型方案的模型泵装置试验结果与数值模拟结果对比,近一步对改型方案的可行性进行论证分析。研究结果表明:改型后轴流泵性能高效区扬程和流量,完全能够满足淮安二站运行要求;改型后轴流泵装置效率超过了70%,而原先淮安二站运行效率仅有54%,效率提高近20%,提高了调水性能,节约了运行成本;同时研究成果对今后的轴流泵改型设计具有重要的指导意义。
This paper studied the selection and modification of the main pumps of the second pumping station of Huai'an by using CFD. The study analyzed the operation status of the main pumps and confirmed the necessity of reinforcement of the main pumps of the second pumping station of Huai'an. Selecting the main pumps for the second pumping station of Huai'an was carried out based on its operation data over these years, and the excellent hydraulic model of TJ05-ZL-02 was chosen. The hub ratio of the hydraulic model TJ05-ZL-02 is 0.4, while the original hub ratio of the second pumping station of Huai'an is 0.4667. Therefore, the hub ratio of the chosen hydraulic model must be modified. At the same time, to meet the requirements of diversion, drainage engineering of the second pumping station of Huai'an ensured that the pump model modified has the similar performance with the chosen hydraulic model, reduce the coefficient of flow and decrease the head of the high efficient area. First of all, this paper analyzed the influence of the main parameters including cascades dense degree and blade angle of each section on the hydraulic performance of axial-flow pumps. Which controlling the change of directions of the blade hydraulic performance. And use CFD to verify the hydraulic performance of the axial-flow pump when parameters changes. then decided the final retrofit design program. The feasibility of retrofitting program has been demonstrated through the numerical simulation of comparing the axial-flow pumps device before and after modification. Numerical simulation of the pump device adopts the standard k-ε model, and calculated the six flow point at 280, 300, 320, 340, 360 and 380 L/s, respectively. Finally, the experimental studies of the model pump showed that, model test performance curve trend was consistent with the numerical performance curve. According to flow-head curve, there is a little deviation in small flow area, and the flow-efficiency curve fit well, the performance of numerical simulation and experimental study has been mutual authentication. The head is in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 m, and the flow of 300 to 350 L/s after modification, which will fully meet the requirements of diversion, drainage and irrigation of the second pumping station of Huai'an for current and future. After modifications, the efficiency of axial-flow pumps device was over 70%, while the efficiency of the second pumping station of Huai'an initially was 68%, with nearly 20% increased, which play a huge role in increasing diversion performance and reducing cost. And the research shows that hub ratio of modified pump increasing may decline the overall performance of axial-flow pump, which indicates that there is the most optimal hub ratio for a specific speed of axial-flow pump,. It has very important significance for the optimal design of axial-flow pump hydraulic model and the large-scale pumping station renovation.
This paper studied the selection and modification of the main pumps of the second pumping station of Huai'an by using CFD. The study analyzed the operation status of the main pumps and confirmed the necessity of reinforcement of the main pumps of the second pumping station of Huai'an. Selecting the main pumps for the second pumping station of Huai'an was carried out based on its operation data over these years, and the excellent hydraulic model of TJ05-ZL-02 was chosen. The hub ratio of the hydraulic model TJ05-ZL-02 is 0.4, while the original hub ratio of the second pumping station of Huai'an is 0.4667. Therefore, the hub ratio of the chosen hydraulic model must be modified. At the same time, to meet the requirements of diversion, drainage engineering of the second pumping station of Huai'an ensured that the pump model modified has the similar performance with the chosen hydraulic model, reduce the coefficient of flow and decrease the head of the high efficient area. First of all, this paper analyzed the influence of the main parameters including cascades dense degree and blade angle of each section on the hydraulic performance of axial-flow pumps. Which controlling the change of directions of the blade hydraulic performance. And use CFD to verify the hydraulic performance of the axial-flow pump when parameters changes. then decided the final retrofit design program. The feasibility of retrofitting program has been demonstrated through the numerical simulation of comparing the axial-flow pumps device before and after modification. Numerical simulation of the pump device adopts the standard k-ε model, and calculated the six flow point at 280, 300, 320, 340, 360 and 380 L/s, respectively. Finally, the experimental studies of the model pump showed that, model test performance curve trend was consistent with the numerical performance curve. According to flow-head curve, there is a little deviation in small flow area, and the flow-efficiency curve fit well, the performance of numerical simulation and experimental study has been mutual authentication. The head is in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 m, and the flow of 300 to 350 L/s after modification, which will fully meet the requirements of diversion, drainage and irrigation of the second pumping station of Huai'an for current and future. After modifications, the efficiency of axial-flow pumps device was over 70%, while the efficiency of the second pumping station of Huai'an initially was 68%, with nearly 20% increased, which play a huge role in increasing diversion performance and reducing cost. And the research shows that hub ratio of modified pump increasing may decline the overall performance of axial-flow pump, which indicates that there is the most optimal hub ratio for a specific speed of axial-flow pump,. It has very important significance for the optimal design of axial-flow pump hydraulic model and the large-scale pumping station renovation.
引文
[1]孙洪滨,鲁靖华.淮安抽水二站更新改造分析研究[J].水泵技术,2007(6):40-42,37.
[2]冯俊,袁聪,王荣.淮安抽水二站加固改造技术分析研究[J].江苏水利,2014(5):29-32.
[3]王玉心.南水北调淮安二站4500ZLQ60—4.89泵设计改进探讨[J].通用机械,2012(12):82-85.
[4]汤方平,王国强,刘超,等.高比转数轴流泵水力模型设计与紊流数值分析[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(1):119-123.Tang Fangping,Wang Guoqiang,Liu Chao,et al.Design and numerical analysis on an axial-flow model pump with high specific speed[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(1):119-123.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[5]雷翠翠.水泵叶片的多学科设计优化理论与方法研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2009.Lei Cuicui.Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Theory and Method Study of Water Pump Blades[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2009.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[6]Yang Zhengjun,Wang Fujun,Zhou Peijian.Evaluation of subgrid-scale models in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,25(5):911-918.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[7]王玲花.叶栅稠密度对双向贯流泵性能影响的分析[J].水电能源科学,2003,21(4):69-71.Wang Linghua.Analysis of influence of blading density degree to characteristics of bidrectional tubulous pump[J].Water Resources and Power,2003,21(4):69-71.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[8]汤方平,周济人,袁家博,等.轴流泵水力模型CAD/CAM[J].江苏农学院学报,1998,19(1):1-5.Tang Fangping,Zhou Jiren,Yuan Jiabo,et al.CAD/CAM ofthe hydraulic model for axial-flow pump[J].Journal of Jiangsu Agricultural College,1998,19(1):1-5.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[9]施卫东,李通通,张德胜,等.轴流泵叶轮区域空化特性数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(13):88-93.Shi Weidong,Li Tongtong,Zhang Desheng,et al.Numerical simulation on cavitating characteristic in impeller of axial-flow pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(13):88-93.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[10]潘旭,李成,铁瑛,等.轴流泵叶片流固耦合强度分析[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(4):221-226,237.Pan Xu,Li Cheng,Tie Ying,et al.Strength analysis of fluid-solid coupling of axial-flow pump blades[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2012,31(4):221-226,237.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[11]Ye Liang,Liu Zhongmin.Design of implantable axial-flow blood pump and numerical studies on its pereormance[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2009,21(4):445-452.
[12]杨帆.低扬程泵装置水动力特性及多目标优化关键技术研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013.Yang Fan.Research on Hydraulic Performance and Multi-objective Optimization Design of Low-lift Pump system[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2013.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[13]杨敬江.轴流泵水力模型设计方法与数值模拟研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2008.Yang Jingjiang.Studies on Hydraulic Design Method and Numerical Simulation of Axial Flow Pump Model[D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2008.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[14]Li Zengliang,Zhi Ruiping,Zhao Chuanwei,et al.The 3D modeling of blades of multiphase flow helico-axial pump’s rotor based on solidworks[J].Caddm,2011,21(2):1-6.
[15]徐磊.斜式轴伸泵装置水力特性及优化设计研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2009.Xu Lei.Study on Hydraulic Characteristic and Optimum Design of Pump System with Slanting and Extensive Shaft[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2009.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[16]汤方平,周济人.低扬程泵装置性能的决定因素[J].排灌机械,1997(1):12-13.Tang Fangping,Zhou Jiren.Determination of the pumping Installation Characteristic[J].Drainage and Irrigation Machinery,1997(1):12-13.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[17]谢德正.轴流泵叶片的自动优化设计研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2010.Xie Dezheng.Research on Automatic Design Optimization of Axial Flow Impeller[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2009.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[18]武桦,冯建军,吴广宽,等.基于CFD的贯流式水轮机叶片改型及性能研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2013,29(3):290-294.Wu Hua,Feng Jianjun,Wu Guangkuan,et al.The blade geometry modification and performance research for bulb turbin based on CFD[J].Journal of Xi’an University ofTechnology,2013,29(3):290-294.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[19]孙玉祥.基于CFD数值分析的水泵改型设计[J].水电能源科学,2009,27(3):165-167.Sun Yuxiang.Pump Remodeling design based on CFD simulations[J].Water Resources and Power,2009,27(3):165-167.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[20]罗宏博.基于CFD的水轮机转轮改型设计[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2011.Luo Hongbo.Retrofit Design of Turbine Runner Based on CFD[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Univerisity of Technology,2011.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[2]冯俊,袁聪,王荣.淮安抽水二站加固改造技术分析研究[J].江苏水利,2014(5):29-32.
[3]王玉心.南水北调淮安二站4500ZLQ60—4.89泵设计改进探讨[J].通用机械,2012(12):82-85.
[4]汤方平,王国强,刘超,等.高比转数轴流泵水力模型设计与紊流数值分析[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(1):119-123.Tang Fangping,Wang Guoqiang,Liu Chao,et al.Design and numerical analysis on an axial-flow model pump with high specific speed[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(1):119-123.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[5]雷翠翠.水泵叶片的多学科设计优化理论与方法研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2009.Lei Cuicui.Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Theory and Method Study of Water Pump Blades[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2009.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[6]Yang Zhengjun,Wang Fujun,Zhou Peijian.Evaluation of subgrid-scale models in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,25(5):911-918.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[7]王玲花.叶栅稠密度对双向贯流泵性能影响的分析[J].水电能源科学,2003,21(4):69-71.Wang Linghua.Analysis of influence of blading density degree to characteristics of bidrectional tubulous pump[J].Water Resources and Power,2003,21(4):69-71.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[8]汤方平,周济人,袁家博,等.轴流泵水力模型CAD/CAM[J].江苏农学院学报,1998,19(1):1-5.Tang Fangping,Zhou Jiren,Yuan Jiabo,et al.CAD/CAM ofthe hydraulic model for axial-flow pump[J].Journal of Jiangsu Agricultural College,1998,19(1):1-5.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[9]施卫东,李通通,张德胜,等.轴流泵叶轮区域空化特性数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(13):88-93.Shi Weidong,Li Tongtong,Zhang Desheng,et al.Numerical simulation on cavitating characteristic in impeller of axial-flow pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(13):88-93.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[10]潘旭,李成,铁瑛,等.轴流泵叶片流固耦合强度分析[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(4):221-226,237.Pan Xu,Li Cheng,Tie Ying,et al.Strength analysis of fluid-solid coupling of axial-flow pump blades[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2012,31(4):221-226,237.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[11]Ye Liang,Liu Zhongmin.Design of implantable axial-flow blood pump and numerical studies on its pereormance[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2009,21(4):445-452.
[12]杨帆.低扬程泵装置水动力特性及多目标优化关键技术研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013.Yang Fan.Research on Hydraulic Performance and Multi-objective Optimization Design of Low-lift Pump system[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2013.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[13]杨敬江.轴流泵水力模型设计方法与数值模拟研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2008.Yang Jingjiang.Studies on Hydraulic Design Method and Numerical Simulation of Axial Flow Pump Model[D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2008.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[14]Li Zengliang,Zhi Ruiping,Zhao Chuanwei,et al.The 3D modeling of blades of multiphase flow helico-axial pump’s rotor based on solidworks[J].Caddm,2011,21(2):1-6.
[15]徐磊.斜式轴伸泵装置水力特性及优化设计研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2009.Xu Lei.Study on Hydraulic Characteristic and Optimum Design of Pump System with Slanting and Extensive Shaft[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2009.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[16]汤方平,周济人.低扬程泵装置性能的决定因素[J].排灌机械,1997(1):12-13.Tang Fangping,Zhou Jiren.Determination of the pumping Installation Characteristic[J].Drainage and Irrigation Machinery,1997(1):12-13.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[17]谢德正.轴流泵叶片的自动优化设计研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2010.Xie Dezheng.Research on Automatic Design Optimization of Axial Flow Impeller[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2009.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[18]武桦,冯建军,吴广宽,等.基于CFD的贯流式水轮机叶片改型及性能研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2013,29(3):290-294.Wu Hua,Feng Jianjun,Wu Guangkuan,et al.The blade geometry modification and performance research for bulb turbin based on CFD[J].Journal of Xi’an University ofTechnology,2013,29(3):290-294.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[19]孙玉祥.基于CFD数值分析的水泵改型设计[J].水电能源科学,2009,27(3):165-167.Sun Yuxiang.Pump Remodeling design based on CFD simulations[J].Water Resources and Power,2009,27(3):165-167.(in Chinese with English Abstract)
[20]罗宏博.基于CFD的水轮机转轮改型设计[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2011.Luo Hongbo.Retrofit Design of Turbine Runner Based on CFD[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Univerisity of Technology,2011.(in Chinese with English Abstract)