不同浓度硒处理对豆瓣菜生长及硒富集的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究不同浓度硒处理对豆瓣菜生长及硒富集的影响,了解豆瓣菜硒积累及耐受特性,并筛选出有利于其生长的最佳硒浓度。【方法】采用盆栽试验,设置硒处理浓度为0(CK)、5、10、25、50、75、100 mg/kg,以四价硒计。【结果】结果表明,外源硒浓度为5~50 mg/kg时有利于豆瓣菜生长,其中以10 mg/kg效果最佳,100 mg/kg则抑制其生长。5~50 mg/kg浓度的硒能提高豆瓣菜光合色素含量但未达显著水平(P>0.05),而当浓度过高时(75~100 mg/kg)光合色素含量显著减少(P<0.05)。适宜浓度的硒能诱导POD(5~75 mg/kg)和CAT(10 mg/kg)活性的上升,但过高浓度的硒会导致SOD(50~100 mg/kg)和CAT(100 mg/kg)活性下降。施硒后叶片可溶性蛋白含量较对照均显著降低(P<0.05),各施硒的处理中又以10、25 mg/kg处理的叶片可溶性蛋白含量最高。而地上部可溶性糖含量随着外源硒浓度的升高则呈先下降后上升之后再下降的趋势。施硒后豆瓣菜硒含量与硒积累量随硒浓度升高而呈线性关系升高。【结论】豆瓣菜是一种次生硒富集植物,其硒含量、硒积累量与外源硒浓度呈极显著线性正相关。适宜浓度的硒有利于豆瓣菜生长,当外源硒浓度为10 mg/kg时,效果最佳。
【Objective】The aim of the study was to explore the effects of different concentrations of selenium(Se) on the growth,Se accumulation and tolerance of N. officinale and to screened the best Se concentration for the growth.【Method】A pot experiment was used in this study. This experiment had7 treatments,including0(CK),5,10,25,50,75,100 mg(Se4+)/kg soil.【Results】The Se concentration of 5~50 mg/kg was beneficial for the growth of N. officinale. 10 mg/kg was the best but 100 mg/kg was negative on its growth. 5~50 mg/kg Se addition showed a slightly positive effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments of N. officinale(P >0.05). The concentration of photosynthetic pigment was decreased when the concentration was high(75~100 mg/kg). Se induced a positive effect on POD(5~75 mg/kg) and CAT(10 mg/kg) activity. but high Se additions decreased SOD(50~100 mg/kg) and CAT(100 mg/kg) activity.The content of soluble protein in leaves was significantly(P<0.05) lower in Se treatments than in the control. Se additions of 10 and 25 mg/kg was highest. The soluble sugar content in the shoots first de-creased then increased,and finally decreased. Both Se content and Se accumulation in N. officinale increased linearly with an increase in Se concentration.【Conclusion】N. officinale is a Se-accumulating plant.Suitable Se addition is favorable to the growth of N. officinale. N. officinale showed best performance when Se concentration was 10 mg/kg.
【Objective】The aim of the study was to explore the effects of different concentrations of selenium(Se) on the growth,Se accumulation and tolerance of N. officinale and to screened the best Se concentration for the growth.【Method】A pot experiment was used in this study. This experiment had7 treatments,including0(CK),5,10,25,50,75,100 mg(Se4+)/kg soil.【Results】The Se concentration of 5~50 mg/kg was beneficial for the growth of N. officinale. 10 mg/kg was the best but 100 mg/kg was negative on its growth. 5~50 mg/kg Se addition showed a slightly positive effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments of N. officinale(P >0.05). The concentration of photosynthetic pigment was decreased when the concentration was high(75~100 mg/kg). Se induced a positive effect on POD(5~75 mg/kg) and CAT(10 mg/kg) activity. but high Se additions decreased SOD(50~100 mg/kg) and CAT(100 mg/kg) activity.The content of soluble protein in leaves was significantly(P<0.05) lower in Se treatments than in the control. Se additions of 10 and 25 mg/kg was highest. The soluble sugar content in the shoots first de-creased then increased,and finally decreased. Both Se content and Se accumulation in N. officinale increased linearly with an increase in Se concentration.【Conclusion】N. officinale is a Se-accumulating plant.Suitable Se addition is favorable to the growth of N. officinale. N. officinale showed best performance when Se concentration was 10 mg/kg.
引文
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[16]蒋步云,柴振林,杨柳,等.土壤中硒含量测定的消化方法探讨[J].土壤通报,2014,45(1):237-239.
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[23]YU X Z,GU J D.Metabolic responses of weeping willows to selenate and selenite[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International,2007,14(7):510-517.
[24]BICAS P A,DAOOD H G,KODAR I.Effect of Mo,Se,Zn,and Cr Treatments on the Yield,Element Concentration,and Carotenoid Content of Carro[tJ].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1995,43(3):589-591.
[25]赵武玲.基础生物化学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013:45-51.
[26]SORS T G,ELLIS D R,SALT D E.Selenium uptake,translocation,assimilation and metabolic fate in plants[J].Photosynthesis Research,2005,86(3):373.
[27]李春霞,曹慧.植物硒的营养特点及吸收转化机理研究进展[J].农业科学研究,2006,27(4):72-76.
[28]段曼莉,付冬冬,王松山,等.亚硒酸盐对四种蔬菜生长、吸收及转运硒的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):658-665.
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[34]杜慧玲,冯两蕊,牛志峰,等.硒对生菜抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(5):226-229.
[35]杜秀敏,殷文璇,赵彦修,等.植物中活性氧的产生及清除机制[J].生物工程学报,2001,17(2):121-125.
[36]赵江涛,李晓峰,李航,等.可溶性糖在高等植物代谢调节中的生理作用[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(24):6423-6425.
[37]BELOKOBYLSKY A I,GINTURI E I,KUCHAVA N E,et al.Accumulation of chromium in the growth dynamics of spirulina platensis[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2004,259(1):65-68.
[38]ARVY M P.Selenate and Selenite Uptake and Translocation in Bean Plants(Phaseolus vulgaris)[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1993,44(263):1083-1087.
[2]赵洪进,刘佩红,孙泉云,等.硒在肿瘤防治中的作用研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2007,28(2):96-99.
[3]李继云,任尚学,陈代中.陕西省环境中的硒与大骨节病关系的影响[J].环境科学学报,1982,2(2):91-101.
[4]王端好,周河治.亟需开发利用的有机硒产品[J].轻工科技,2013,(1):6-7.
[5]罗世炜,张孟琴,吴永尧.植物硒的研究与利用[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(14):4087-4088.
[6]ELLIS D R,SALT D E.Plants,selenium and human health[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2003,6(3):273-279.
[7]邵树勋,郑宝山,王明仕,等.硒超富集植物的研究概况[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2006,25(z1):31-33.
[8]江用彬,季宏兵,李甜甜,等.环境硒污染的植物修复研究进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(1):98-104.
[9]张雯,耿增超.外源硒对蔬菜硒积累和产量品质影响的研究现状[J].园艺学报,2012,39(9):1749-1756.
[10]FINLEY J W.Selenium Accumulation in Plant Foods[J].Nutrition Reviews,2005,63(6):196-202.
[11]BROWN T A,SHRIFT A.Selenium:toxicity and tolerance in higher plants[J].Biological Reviews,2010,57(1):59-84.
[12]陈志红,揭新明,王秀季,等.西洋菜微量元素的测定分析[J].广东微量元素科学,2005,12(3):54-56.
[13]杨乾展,赵浩如,程景才,等.西洋菜的研究进展[J].河北农业科学,2008,12(4):22-24.
[14]陈源高,陈开宁,戴全裕,等.5种水培蔬菜对金属元素富集水平研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(1):70-74.
[15]ZAYED A,LYTLE C M,TERRY N.Accumulation and volatilization of different chemical species of selenium by plants[J].Planta,1998,206(2):284-292.
[16]蒋步云,柴振林,杨柳,等.土壤中硒含量测定的消化方法探讨[J].土壤通报,2014,45(1):237-239.
[17]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:30-109,263-270.
[18]王以奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:134-136,167-191.
[19]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.GB5009.93-2017食品安全国家标准食品中硒的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[20]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003:81-83.
[21]GREGORIO S D,LAMPIS S,MALORGIO F,et al.Brassica juncea can improve selenite and selenate abatement in selenium contaminated soils through the aid of its rhizospheric bacterial population[J].Plant and Soil,2006,285(1-2):233-244.
[22]PEZZAROSSA B,PETRUZZELLI G,PETACCO F,et al.Absorption of selenium by Lactuca sativa as affected by carboxymethylcellulose[J].Chemosphere,2007,67(2):322-329.
[23]YU X Z,GU J D.Metabolic responses of weeping willows to selenate and selenite[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International,2007,14(7):510-517.
[24]BICAS P A,DAOOD H G,KODAR I.Effect of Mo,Se,Zn,and Cr Treatments on the Yield,Element Concentration,and Carotenoid Content of Carro[tJ].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1995,43(3):589-591.
[25]赵武玲.基础生物化学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013:45-51.
[26]SORS T G,ELLIS D R,SALT D E.Selenium uptake,translocation,assimilation and metabolic fate in plants[J].Photosynthesis Research,2005,86(3):373.
[27]李春霞,曹慧.植物硒的营养特点及吸收转化机理研究进展[J].农业科学研究,2006,27(4):72-76.
[28]段曼莉,付冬冬,王松山,等.亚硒酸盐对四种蔬菜生长、吸收及转运硒的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):658-665.
[29]PADMAJA K,PRASAD D D K,PRASAD A R K.Effect of sele-nium on chlorophyll biosynthesis in mung bean seedlings[J].Phytochemistry,1989,28(12):3321-3324.
[30]台培东,李培军.硒对植物的毒害作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2002,21(6):496-498.
[31]李合生.现代植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:103.
[32]SPALLHOLZ J E,HOFFMAN D J.Selenium toxicity:cause and effects in aquatic bird[sJ].Aquatic Toxicology,2002,57(2):27-37.
[33]SPALLHOLZ J E.On the nature of selenium toxicity and carcinostatic activity[J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,1994,17(1):45-64.
[34]杜慧玲,冯两蕊,牛志峰,等.硒对生菜抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(5):226-229.
[35]杜秀敏,殷文璇,赵彦修,等.植物中活性氧的产生及清除机制[J].生物工程学报,2001,17(2):121-125.
[36]赵江涛,李晓峰,李航,等.可溶性糖在高等植物代谢调节中的生理作用[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(24):6423-6425.
[37]BELOKOBYLSKY A I,GINTURI E I,KUCHAVA N E,et al.Accumulation of chromium in the growth dynamics of spirulina platensis[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2004,259(1):65-68.
[38]ARVY M P.Selenate and Selenite Uptake and Translocation in Bean Plants(Phaseolus vulgaris)[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1993,44(263):1083-1087.