上扬子西南部晚三叠世古隆起演化及其构造意义
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摘要
在大量野外地质调查和资料分析的基础上,通过不同剖面的沉积特征和地层对比分析,识别出上扬子西南部存在晚三叠世古隆起;并结合区域构造背景,探讨了古隆起的构造属性、演化和大地构造意义。研究结果表明,上扬子西南部普遍缺失上三叠统,这一地层的缺失不是后期剥蚀造成的,而是由于上扬子西南部在晚三叠世存在一个与上扬子西南缘近平行的古隆起。该古隆起的发育与金沙江-哀牢山-马江-八布洋、甘孜-理塘洋的关闭及之后的碰撞造山作用密切相关。在早三叠世末,金沙江-哀牢山-马江-八布洋关闭,上扬子西南部南缘的右江和楚雄盆地成为前陆盆地,形成的前缘隆起共同组成了该古隆起;至晚三叠世诺利期,甘孜-理塘洋关闭,上扬子西南部西缘发育西昌前陆盆地,其前缘隆起与右江、楚雄前陆盆地的前缘隆起一起组成古隆起;至瑞替期末,由于右江前陆盆地停止发育,古隆起仅由楚雄和西昌前陆盆地的前缘隆起组成。这一古隆起的发现对研究四川盆地晚三叠世盆地原型和上扬子西南部构造演化具有重要意义。
Based on field geological survey and stratigraphic analysis, a Late Triassic Paleo-uplift is identified in the southwestern upper Yangtze region. The tectonic features, evolution history and tectonic significance of this paleo-uplift are discussed in detail in this paper. The results suggest that the hiatus of the Upper Triassic in the southwestern upper Yangtze region was resulted from the paleo-uplift that roughly parallel to the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The formation of the paleo-uplift is related to the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu and Ganzi-Litang Oceans and their subsequent collisional orogenesis along the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The forebulges of the Youjiang and Chuxiong Foreland Basins were formed by the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu Ocean, comprising the paleo-uplift at the end of the Early Triassic. Then the forebulge of the Xichang Foreland Basin was developed by the closure of the Ganzi-Litang Ocean in the Norian, and became a new part of the paleo-uplift. Owing to the termination of the Youjiang Foreland Basin at the end of the Rhaetian, the paleo-uplift was composed only of the forebulges of the Chuxiong and Xichang Foreland Basins. The discovery of the paleo-uplift will help us to better understand the prototype of the Sichuan Basin and the tectonic evolution of the southwestern upper Yangtze region during the Late Triassic.
Based on field geological survey and stratigraphic analysis, a Late Triassic Paleo-uplift is identified in the southwestern upper Yangtze region. The tectonic features, evolution history and tectonic significance of this paleo-uplift are discussed in detail in this paper. The results suggest that the hiatus of the Upper Triassic in the southwestern upper Yangtze region was resulted from the paleo-uplift that roughly parallel to the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The formation of the paleo-uplift is related to the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu and Ganzi-Litang Oceans and their subsequent collisional orogenesis along the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The forebulges of the Youjiang and Chuxiong Foreland Basins were formed by the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu Ocean, comprising the paleo-uplift at the end of the Early Triassic. Then the forebulge of the Xichang Foreland Basin was developed by the closure of the Ganzi-Litang Ocean in the Norian, and became a new part of the paleo-uplift. Owing to the termination of the Youjiang Foreland Basin at the end of the Rhaetian, the paleo-uplift was composed only of the forebulges of the Chuxiong and Xichang Foreland Basins. The discovery of the paleo-uplift will help us to better understand the prototype of the Sichuan Basin and the tectonic evolution of the southwestern upper Yangtze region during the Late Triassic.
引文
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马永生,陈洪德,王国力,郭彤楼,田景春,刘文均,许效松,郑荣才,牟传龙,侯明才.2009.中国南方层序地层与古地理.北京:科学出版社:1-603.
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米色子哈,刘树根,秦川,孙玮,张长俊.2012.川西坳陷中部上三叠统马鞍塘组沉积相特征.天然气勘探与开发,35(1):1-6.
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施振生,赵正望,金惠,宋海敬.2012.四川盆地上三叠统小塘子组沉积特征及地质意义.古地理学报,14(4):477-486.
孙衍鹏,何登发.2013.四川盆地北部剑阁古隆起的厘定及其基本特征.地质学报,87(5):609-620.
王晖,阮林森,郭建秋,王选策,刘旗,梁斌,李振江,王帮全.2012.四川雅江盆地三叠纪晚期沉积地球化学特征及其大地构造意义.西北地质,45(2):88-98.
张志斌,曹德斌.2002.滇中楚雄中生代盆地的形成、演化及其与哀牢山造山带的关系--以楚雄西舍路至禄丰碧城镇区域地质综合剖面为例.地球学报,23(2):129-134.
郑荣才,戴朝成,罗清林,汪小平,雷光明,蒋昊,陈虎.2011.四川类前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积体系.天然气工业,31(9):16-24.
郑荣才,戴朝成,朱如凯,翟文亮,高红灿,耿威.2009.四川类前陆盆地须家河组层序?岩相古地理特征.地质论评,55(4):484-495.
朱同兴,黄志英,尹福光.2000.楚雄中生代前陆盆地的构造沉降史研究.沉积与特提斯地质,20(4):20-30.
Deng B,Liu S,Jansa L,Cao J,Cheng Y,Li Z and Liu S.2012.Sedimentary record of Late Triassic transpressional tectonics of the Longmenshan thrust belt,SW China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,48:43-55.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.12.019
Deng J,Wang Q,Li G,Li C and Wang C.2014.Tethys tectonic evolution and its bearing on the distribution of important mineral deposits in the Sanjiang region,SWChina.Gondwana Research,26:419-437.DOI:10.1016/j.gr.2013.08.002
Faure M,Lepvrier C,Nguyen V V,Vu T V,Lin W and Chen Z.2014.The South China block?Indochina collision:Where,when,and how?Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,79:260-274.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.09.022
Faure M,Lin W,Chu Y and Lepvrier C.2016.Triassic tectonics of the southern margin of the South China Block.Comptes Rendus Geoscience,348:5-14.DOI:10.1016/j.crte.2015.06.012
He D,Li D,Wu X and Wen Z.2009.Basic types and structural characteristics of uplifts:An overview of sedimentary basins in China.Acta Geologica Sinica,83(2):321-346.
Li Z and Li X.2007.Formation of the 1300 km wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China:A flat-slab subduction model.Geology,35(2):179-182.DOI:10.1130/G23193A.1
Luo L,Jia D,Qi J,Wei G and Deng F.2013.Tectonosedimentary evolution of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,87(6):1554-1568.
Qiu L,Yan D,Tang S,Wang Q,Yang W,Tang X and Wang J.2016.Mesozoic geology of southwestern China:Indosinian foreland overthrusting and subsequent deformation.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,122:91-105.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.03.006
Saklani P S.2008.Glossary of structural geology and tectonics.Delhi:Satish Serial Publishing House:1-191.
Wang C,Bagas L,Lu Y,Santosh M,Du B and Mc Cuaig T C.2016.Terrane boundary and spatio-temporal distribution of ore deposits in the Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen:Insights from zircon Hf-isotopic mapping.Earth-Science Reviews,156:39-65.DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.02.008
Wang Y,Fan W,Zhang G and Zhang Y.2013.Phanerozoic tectonics of the South China Block:Key observations and controversies.Gondwana Research,23:1273-1305.DOI:10.1016/j.gr.2012.02.019
Yang J,Cawood P A,Du Y,Huang H and Hu L.2012.Detrital record of Indosinian mountain building in SWChina:Provenance of the Middle Triassic turbidites in the Youjiang Basin.Tectonophysics,574-575:105-117.DOI:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.027
何登发,周新源,杨海军,管树巍,张朝军.2008.塔里木盆地克拉通内古隆起的成因机制与构造类型.地学前缘,15(2):207-221.
马永生,陈洪德,王国力,郭彤楼,田景春,刘文均,许效松,郑荣才,牟传龙,侯明才.2009.中国南方层序地层与古地理.北京:科学出版社:1-603.
梅冥相.2010.中上扬子印支运动的地层学效应及晚三叠世沉积盆地格局.地学前缘,17(4):99-111.
米色子哈,刘树根,秦川,孙玮,张长俊.2012.川西坳陷中部上三叠统马鞍塘组沉积相特征.天然气勘探与开发,35(1):1-6.
秦建华,吴应林,颜仰基,朱忠发.1996.南盘江盆地海西?印支期沉积构造演化.地质学报,70(2):99-107.
覃建雄,夏竹,张长俊,王运生.2001.西昌复合盆地层序充填序列与沉积动力演化初探.古地理学报,3(4):45-55.
施振生,赵正望,金惠,宋海敬.2012.四川盆地上三叠统小塘子组沉积特征及地质意义.古地理学报,14(4):477-486.
孙衍鹏,何登发.2013.四川盆地北部剑阁古隆起的厘定及其基本特征.地质学报,87(5):609-620.
王晖,阮林森,郭建秋,王选策,刘旗,梁斌,李振江,王帮全.2012.四川雅江盆地三叠纪晚期沉积地球化学特征及其大地构造意义.西北地质,45(2):88-98.
张志斌,曹德斌.2002.滇中楚雄中生代盆地的形成、演化及其与哀牢山造山带的关系--以楚雄西舍路至禄丰碧城镇区域地质综合剖面为例.地球学报,23(2):129-134.
郑荣才,戴朝成,罗清林,汪小平,雷光明,蒋昊,陈虎.2011.四川类前陆盆地上三叠统须家河组沉积体系.天然气工业,31(9):16-24.
郑荣才,戴朝成,朱如凯,翟文亮,高红灿,耿威.2009.四川类前陆盆地须家河组层序?岩相古地理特征.地质论评,55(4):484-495.
朱同兴,黄志英,尹福光.2000.楚雄中生代前陆盆地的构造沉降史研究.沉积与特提斯地质,20(4):20-30.
Deng B,Liu S,Jansa L,Cao J,Cheng Y,Li Z and Liu S.2012.Sedimentary record of Late Triassic transpressional tectonics of the Longmenshan thrust belt,SW China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,48:43-55.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.12.019
Deng J,Wang Q,Li G,Li C and Wang C.2014.Tethys tectonic evolution and its bearing on the distribution of important mineral deposits in the Sanjiang region,SWChina.Gondwana Research,26:419-437.DOI:10.1016/j.gr.2013.08.002
Faure M,Lepvrier C,Nguyen V V,Vu T V,Lin W and Chen Z.2014.The South China block?Indochina collision:Where,when,and how?Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,79:260-274.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.09.022
Faure M,Lin W,Chu Y and Lepvrier C.2016.Triassic tectonics of the southern margin of the South China Block.Comptes Rendus Geoscience,348:5-14.DOI:10.1016/j.crte.2015.06.012
He D,Li D,Wu X and Wen Z.2009.Basic types and structural characteristics of uplifts:An overview of sedimentary basins in China.Acta Geologica Sinica,83(2):321-346.
Li Z and Li X.2007.Formation of the 1300 km wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China:A flat-slab subduction model.Geology,35(2):179-182.DOI:10.1130/G23193A.1
Luo L,Jia D,Qi J,Wei G and Deng F.2013.Tectonosedimentary evolution of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,87(6):1554-1568.
Qiu L,Yan D,Tang S,Wang Q,Yang W,Tang X and Wang J.2016.Mesozoic geology of southwestern China:Indosinian foreland overthrusting and subsequent deformation.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,122:91-105.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.03.006
Saklani P S.2008.Glossary of structural geology and tectonics.Delhi:Satish Serial Publishing House:1-191.
Wang C,Bagas L,Lu Y,Santosh M,Du B and Mc Cuaig T C.2016.Terrane boundary and spatio-temporal distribution of ore deposits in the Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen:Insights from zircon Hf-isotopic mapping.Earth-Science Reviews,156:39-65.DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.02.008
Wang Y,Fan W,Zhang G and Zhang Y.2013.Phanerozoic tectonics of the South China Block:Key observations and controversies.Gondwana Research,23:1273-1305.DOI:10.1016/j.gr.2012.02.019
Yang J,Cawood P A,Du Y,Huang H and Hu L.2012.Detrital record of Indosinian mountain building in SWChina:Provenance of the Middle Triassic turbidites in the Youjiang Basin.Tectonophysics,574-575:105-117.DOI:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.027