京津冀城市群高科技园区协同发展动力机制与合作共建模式——以中关村科技园为例
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摘要
在推进京津冀城市群高科技园区的协同发展进程中,三地园区之间是否深度融合,决定京津冀协同发展的质量和深度。目前京津冀城市群的天津与河北高科技园区与中关村科技园签有政府间合作协议的有10家,其对接的产业类型依次为电子信息、先进制造、新能源与节能、环境保护、生物医药产业,与中关村科技园总收入占比居前5位的产业类别恰好相对应。三地园区协同发展动力机制可分为产业梯度转移机制、市场需求吸引机制、科技产业孵化转化机制、政府引导驱动机制、市场合作驱动机制5类。合作共建模式主要有:政府引导驱动机制为主的中关村海淀园秦皇岛分园模式、市场合作驱动的类似于固安工业园的产业新城模式、科技产业孵化转化机制为主的保定中关村创新中心模式等。
In the process of promoting the coordinated development of high-tech parks in the Beijing-TianjinHebei urban agglomeration, the extent of integration of high-tech parks in this region decides the quality and depth of collaborative development. In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, 10 high-tech parks in Tianjin and Hebei have signed intergovernmental cooperation agreements with the Zhongguancun Science Park.The cooperative industries are primarily electronic information industry, advanced manufacturing industry, new energy and energy saving industry, environmental protection industry, and biological medicine industry, which are also the five leading industries of the Zhongguancun Science Park in terms of revenue and share. The dynamic mechanism of coordinated development of high-tech parks in the region can be divided into hierarchical industrial transfer mechanism, market demand driven mechanism, science and technology industry incubation and transformation mechanism, government guidance driven mechanism, and market cooperation driven mechanism. The collaborative development models can be divided into the Zhongguancun HaidianQinhuangdao High-tech Park model that was mostly driven by the government, the Gu'an Industrial Park's industrial town model that was mostly driven by market cooperation, and the Baoding-Zhongguancun Innovation Center model that was mostly driven by science and technology industry incubation and transformation.
In the process of promoting the coordinated development of high-tech parks in the Beijing-TianjinHebei urban agglomeration, the extent of integration of high-tech parks in this region decides the quality and depth of collaborative development. In the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, 10 high-tech parks in Tianjin and Hebei have signed intergovernmental cooperation agreements with the Zhongguancun Science Park.The cooperative industries are primarily electronic information industry, advanced manufacturing industry, new energy and energy saving industry, environmental protection industry, and biological medicine industry, which are also the five leading industries of the Zhongguancun Science Park in terms of revenue and share. The dynamic mechanism of coordinated development of high-tech parks in the region can be divided into hierarchical industrial transfer mechanism, market demand driven mechanism, science and technology industry incubation and transformation mechanism, government guidance driven mechanism, and market cooperation driven mechanism. The collaborative development models can be divided into the Zhongguancun HaidianQinhuangdao High-tech Park model that was mostly driven by the government, the Gu'an Industrial Park's industrial town model that was mostly driven by market cooperation, and the Baoding-Zhongguancun Innovation Center model that was mostly driven by science and technology industry incubation and transformation.
引文
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边慧夏.2015b科技园区地方协同发展影响机制研究[J].科技进步与对策,32(23):43-48.[Bian H X.2015a.Keji yu anqu defang xietong fazhan yingxiang jizhi yanjiu[J].Sci ence&Technology Progress and Policy,32(23):43-48.]
曹叔亮.2014.科教园区协同创新:优势分析、模式比较与发展路径[J].高校教育管理,8(2):54-60.[Cao S L.2014Collaborative innovation of science and education parks Advantage analysis,model comparison and developmen path[J].Journal of Higher Education Management,8(2)54-60.]
陈金丹,黄晓.2014.基于子网络协同的集群企业网络演化机理分析:兼论文化创意产业园区网络化发展路径[J]科技进步与对策,31(16):66-70.[Chen J D,Huang X2014.Jiyu ziwangluo xietong de jiqun qiye wangluo yan hua jili fenxi:Jianlun wenhua chuangyi chanye yuanqu wangluohua fazhan lujing[J].Science&Technology Prog ress and Policy,31(16):66-70.]
陈雅兰,雷德森.1999.海峡两岸高科技园区协同发展的前景与对策[J].中国软科学,(3):42-49.[Chen Y L,Lei D S1999.Haixia liangan gaokeji yuanqu xietong fazhan d qianjing yu duice[J].China Soft Science,(3):42-49.]
党兴华,宋雪琪.2016.区域协同视角下科技园区的创新发展模式:以陕西省科技园区为例[J].科技管理研究,36(17):36-40,60.[Dang X H,Song X Q.2016.The innova tion model of science and technology park from the view point of regional coordination:Taking Shaanxi science and technology park as an example[J].Science and Technology Management Research,36(17):36-40,60.]
方创琳.2017.京津冀城市群协同发展的理论基础与规律性分析[J].地理科学进展,36(1):15-24.[Fang C L.2017The oretical foundation and patterns of coordinated devel opment of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration[J].Progress in Geography,36(1):15-24.]
郭洪.2014.跨区域创新合作模式研究:以中关村为例[J].北京社会科学,(5):124-128.[Guo H.2014.Research on trans-regional innovation cooperation dynamic mechanism and model in Zhongguancun[J].Social Sciences of Bei jing,(5):124-128.]
郝茜茜.2015.京津冀协同发展视域下河北省国家级开发区竞争力培育策略[J].国土与自然资源研究,(5):17-19[Hao X X.2015.Competitive cultivation strategy of the na tional development zones in Hebei Province from the per spective of coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin Hebei[J].Territory&Resources Study,(5):17-19.]
黄金川,林浩曦,漆潇潇.2017.空间管治视角下京津冀协同发展类型区划[J].地理科学进展,36(1):46-57.[Huang C,Lin H X,Qi X X.2017.Spatial development regional ization of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from the per spective of spatial governance[J].Progress in Geography36(1):46-57.]
蒋海军.2016.科技园区推动区域协同创新研究:以中关村科技园区为例[J].中国特色社会主义研究,1(3):36-41[Jiang H J.2016.Keji yuanqu tuidong quyue xietong ch uangxin yanjiu:Yi Zhongguancen keji yuanqu weili[J].Studies on the Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,1(3):36-41.]
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李志启.2015.案例3:固安工业园区新型城镇化项目[J].中国工程咨询,(9):27-30.[Li Z Q.2015.Case 3:New ur banization project of Guan industrial park[J].Chinese Con sulting Engineers,(9):27-30.]
毛汉英.2017.京津冀协同发展的机制创新与区域政策研究[J].地理科学进展,36(1):2-14.[Mao H Y.2017.Innova tion of mechanism and regional policy for promoting coor dinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei[J].Prog ress in Geography,36(1):2-14.]
王承云,秦健,杨随.2013.京津沪渝创新型城区研发产业集群研究[J].地理学报,68(8):1097-1109.[Wang C Y,Qin J,Yang S.2013.Analysis of the cluster mode of R&D in dustry in the innovative city districts:Taking Beijing,Tian jin,Shanghai and Chongqing as examples[J].Acta Geo graphica Sinica,68(8):1097-1109.]
吴文征,鞠颂东.2010.基于非合作博弈的我国物流园区协同发展探讨[J].中国流通经济,24(12):26-29.[Wu WZ,Ju S D.2010.The exploration on the collaborative de velopment of logistics parks in China based on non-coop erative game[J].China Business and Market,24(12):2629.]
邹兵.2001.交易成本理论:一个研究乡镇企业空间布局的新视角[J].城市规划汇刊,(4):8-11.[Zou B.2001.Ex change costing theory:A new angle of study rural industry spatial pattern[J].Urban Planning Forum,(4):8-11.]
Weber A.1997.工业区位论[M].李刚剑译.北京:商务印书馆.[Weber A.1997.Theory of the location of industrie[M].Li G J,trans..Beijing,China:The Commercial Press.]
Krugman P.1991.Geography and trade[M].Boston,MA:Th MIT Press.
Marshall A.1890.Principles of economics[M].London,UKMacmillan.
Porter M E.1990.The competitive advantage of nations[M]New York:The Free Press.
Preer R W.1992.The emergence of technopolis:Knowledgeintensive technologies and regional development[M].New York:Praeger.
Voyer R.1997.Knowledge-based industrial clustering:Interna tional comparisons[M].Montreal,Canada:Nordicity Group.