石羊河流域多水体酸根离子特征及影响因素
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摘要
2014年7月~2015年6月在石羊河流域采集降水、地表水及地下水样品,使用离子色谱仪分析获取样品主要酸根离子含量,研究石羊河流域不同水体酸根离子特征、季节分异及其影响因素.结果显示:石羊河流域不同水体均呈弱碱性,酸根离子组成以SO_4~(2-)和HCO_3~-为优势离子,分别占酸根离子总量的38.68%和33.49%;不同季节水体酸根离子浓度差别较大,春季水体中酸根离子浓度最高,夏季最低,地下水季节变异小于地表水;地表水和地下水的酸根离子浓度都呈现出从上游到下游递增的规律,地表水酸根离子浓度大大低于地下水.碳酸盐的风化及蒸发岩溶解是酸根离子的主要来源,人类活动对石羊河流域水体已造成轻度污染.
From July 2014 to June 2015,precipitation,surface water and groundwater samples were collected in Shiyang River Basin.The main acid ion contents in the samples were analyzed by ion chromatograph.The characteristics of acid ions in different water bodies of Shiyang River basin,seasonal differentiation and its influencing factors were studied.The results shown that all water samples were mildly alkaline and the acid radical ions consisted of SO_4~(2-)and HCO_3~-as dominant ions,which accounted for 38.68%and 33.49%of total anion,respectively.Obvious variations have been perceived during different seasons,which the highest anion content was in spring and the lowest value in summer.Seasonal variation of groundwater was smaller than that of surface water.The concentration of acid root ion in surface water is much lower than that of groundwater.The weathering of carbonate and the dissolution of evaporite were the main sources of acid ion.In addition,the human activities have caused mild pollution to the water body of the Shiyang River Basin.
From July 2014 to June 2015,precipitation,surface water and groundwater samples were collected in Shiyang River Basin.The main acid ion contents in the samples were analyzed by ion chromatograph.The characteristics of acid ions in different water bodies of Shiyang River basin,seasonal differentiation and its influencing factors were studied.The results shown that all water samples were mildly alkaline and the acid radical ions consisted of SO_4~(2-)and HCO_3~-as dominant ions,which accounted for 38.68%and 33.49%of total anion,respectively.Obvious variations have been perceived during different seasons,which the highest anion content was in spring and the lowest value in summer.Seasonal variation of groundwater was smaller than that of surface water.The concentration of acid root ion in surface water is much lower than that of groundwater.The weathering of carbonate and the dissolution of evaporite were the main sources of acid ion.In addition,the human activities have caused mild pollution to the water body of the Shiyang River Basin.
引文
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[2]Zhang J,Huang W W,Létolle R,et al.Major element chemistry of the Huanghe(Yellow River),China-weathering processes and chemical fluxes[J].Journal of Hydrology,1995,168(1–4):173-203.
[3]Zhu G,Tao P,He Y,et al.Characteristics of inorganic ions in precipitation at different altitudes in the Yulong Snow Mountain,China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,70(6):2807-2816.
[4]Zhu G,Tao P,He Y,et al.Seasonal variations of major ions in fresh snow at Baishui Glacier No.1,Yulong Mountain,China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,69(1):1-10.
[5]Zhu G,He Y,Pu T,et al.Spatial distribution and temporal trends in potential evapotranspiration over Hengduan Mountains region from 1960 to 2009[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2012,22(1):71-85.
[6]蒲焘,何元庆,朱国锋,等.丽江盆地地表-地下水的水化学特征及其控制因素[J].环境科学,2012,33(1):48-54.
[7]朱国锋,何元庆,蒲焘,等.夏季玉龙雪山地区不同水体常规阴离子特征及其来源分析[J].环境科学,2011,32(3):626-631.
[8]Chetelat B,Liu C Q,Zhao Z Q,et al.Geochemistry of the dissolved load of the Changjiang Basin rivers:anthropogenic impacts and chemical weathering[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2008,72(17):4254-4277.
[9]Wu L,Huh Y,Qin J,et al.Chemical weathering in the upper Huang He(Yellow River)draining the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(22):5279-5294.
[10]陈静生,蔡绪贻.川贵地区长江干支流河水主要离子含量变化趋势及分析[J].中国环境科学,1998,18(2):131-135.
[11]李宗省,何元庆,庞洪喜,等.我国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中主要阴,阳离子的来源[J].地理学报,2007,62(9):992-1001.
[12]何元庆,姚檀栋.中国典型山地温冰川水化学空间分布特征与近期冰川动态[J].山地学报,2000,18(6):481-488.
[13]王君波,朱立平,鞠建廷,等.西藏纳木错东部湖水及入湖河流水化学特征初步研究[J].地理科学,2009,29(2):288-293.
[14]李鹤,李军,刘小龙,等.青藏高原湖泊小流域水体离子组成特征及来源分析[J].环境科学,2015,(2):430-437.
[15]Zhu G F,Su Y H,Feng Q.The hydrochemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater and surface water in the Heihe River Basin,northwest China[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2008,16(1):167-182.
[16]刘彦广.基于水化学和同位素的高寒山区雨季径流过程示踪[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2013.
[17]刘建凯,汪有科.石羊河流域生态环境问题与综合治理[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(6):153-155.
[18]陈永金,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河下游地下水化学特征对生态输水的响应[J].地理学报,2005,60(2):309-318.
[19]马金珠,李相虎,黄天明.石羊河流域水化学演化与地下水补给特征[J].资源科学,2005,27(3):117-122.
[20]肖捷颖,赵品,李卫红.塔里木河流域地表水水化学空间特征及控制因素研究[J].干旱区地理,2016,39(1):33-40.
[21]周嘉欣,丁永建,曾国雄,等.疏勒河上游地表水水化学主离子特征及其控制因素[J].环境科学,2014,35(9):3315-3324.
[22]Yang L,Zhu G,Shi P,et al.Spatiotemporal characteristics of hydrochemistry in Asian arid inland basin–a case study of Shiyang River Basin[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research International,2017,25(20):1-10.
[23]丁贞玉.石羊河流域及腾格里沙漠地下水补给过程及演化规律[D].兰州:兰州大学,2010.
[24]Winston W E,Criss R E.Geochemical variations during flash flooding,Meramec River basin,May 2000[J].Journal of hydrology,2002,265(1):149-163.
[25]陈静生,陶澍,邓宝山,等.水环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987:48-60.
[26]刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,等.元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:439-441.