东平湖CDOM吸收光谱特性及其来源解析
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摘要
为分析东平湖有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)吸收特性、来源和空间分布的季节变化,分别于2013年8、12月以及2014年3月采集了35个表层水样,分析了各基本水质参数、CDOM吸收系数[a(440)]、比吸收系数[a~*(440)]和相对分子量参数M值的分布规律及CDOM吸收系数与水质参数之间的相关关系.结果表明:东平湖CDOM吸收系数a(440)呈现出枯水期>丰水期>平水期的规律,空间分布与CDOM比吸收系数[a~*(440)]相似.M值呈现出丰水期<平水期<枯水期的变化趋势.丰水期CDOM吸收系数与叶绿素a(Chla)具有显著相关关系;丰、平水期两季CDOM吸收系数与DOC存在显著相关关系.丰水期CDOM同时受外源和内源输入的影响,但以内源输入为主,主要来源于浮游植物降解产物;老湖镇湖区外源特征明显.平水期CDOM亦受内源和外源输入的双重影响,但浮游植物的腐烂降解不是CDOM的主要来源;北部湖区以外源输入为主.枯水期CDOM整体表现出较强的自生源特征,但相关分析显示,浮游植物降解并不是CDOM的主要来源,自生源特征可能与挖沙活动导致的悬浮物浓度增高有关;东南湖区因大汶河输入的影响呈现出较强的外源特征.利用东平湖丰、平水期两季CDOM浓度反演DOC浓度具有可行性.
To investigate the chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) absorption characteristics, sources and spatial-temporal patterns in Dongping Lake, 35 surface water samples were collected in August and December of 2013 and March of 2014, respectively. The water quality parameters, spatial distribution of the CDOM absorption coefficient at 440 nm, carbon-specific CDOM absorption coefficient [a~*(440)], the value of relative molecular size M, as well as the relationships between the CDOM and water quality parameters were studied. The [a(440)] exhibited that the seasonal pattern was dry season > wet season > level period. The spatial distributions were similar to that of [a~*(440)]. The value of relative molecular size Mexhibited that the seasonal pattern followed: dry season > level period > wet season. Significant correlation was found between the CDOM absorption coefficient and Chla in wet period. The correlation between CDOM absorption coefficient and DOC in both wet season and level period is also significant. In wet season, the CDOM was affected by both exogenous and endogenous inputs and endogenous input dominanted the CDOM pool, which mainly came from phytoplankton degradation products. The exogenous characteristics in the area of Laohu Town were obvious. In level period, the CDOM was affected by both exogenous and endogenous inputs, however, the degradation of phytoplankton was not the main source of the CDOM. The CDOM in the Northern lake was dominanted by exogenous input. In dry season, the CDOM was mainly affected by endogenous input, and the degradation of phytoplankton was not the main source of the CDOM. It was speculated that its autogenetic characteristics may be related to the increase of suspended matter caused by dredging activities. The Southeast lake showed strong exogenous characteristics which was influenced by Dawen River. Inferring the concentration of DOC by the CDOM concentration was somehow feasible in the wet season and level period in Dongping Lake.
To investigate the chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) absorption characteristics, sources and spatial-temporal patterns in Dongping Lake, 35 surface water samples were collected in August and December of 2013 and March of 2014, respectively. The water quality parameters, spatial distribution of the CDOM absorption coefficient at 440 nm, carbon-specific CDOM absorption coefficient [a~*(440)], the value of relative molecular size M, as well as the relationships between the CDOM and water quality parameters were studied. The [a(440)] exhibited that the seasonal pattern was dry season > wet season > level period. The spatial distributions were similar to that of [a~*(440)]. The value of relative molecular size Mexhibited that the seasonal pattern followed: dry season > level period > wet season. Significant correlation was found between the CDOM absorption coefficient and Chla in wet period. The correlation between CDOM absorption coefficient and DOC in both wet season and level period is also significant. In wet season, the CDOM was affected by both exogenous and endogenous inputs and endogenous input dominanted the CDOM pool, which mainly came from phytoplankton degradation products. The exogenous characteristics in the area of Laohu Town were obvious. In level period, the CDOM was affected by both exogenous and endogenous inputs, however, the degradation of phytoplankton was not the main source of the CDOM. The CDOM in the Northern lake was dominanted by exogenous input. In dry season, the CDOM was mainly affected by endogenous input, and the degradation of phytoplankton was not the main source of the CDOM. It was speculated that its autogenetic characteristics may be related to the increase of suspended matter caused by dredging activities. The Southeast lake showed strong exogenous characteristics which was influenced by Dawen River. Inferring the concentration of DOC by the CDOM concentration was somehow feasible in the wet season and level period in Dongping Lake.
引文
[1]张运林.湖泊光学研究进展及其展望[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(4):483-497.
[2]方开凯,黄廷林,张春华,等.淮河流域周村水库夏季CDOM吸收光谱特征、空间分布及其来源分析[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(1):151-159.
[3]张运林,张恩楼,刘明亮.云南高原湖泊有色可溶性有机物和颗粒物光谱吸收特性[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(1):151-159.
[4]姜广甲,马荣华,段鸿涛.利用CDOM吸收系数估算太湖水体表层DOC浓度[J].环境科学,2012,33(7):2235-2243.
[5]陈晓玲,陈莉琼,于之锋,等.长江中游湖泊CDOM光学特性及其空间分布对比[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(2):248-254.
[6]黄昌春,李云梅,孙德勇,等.太湖CDOM紫外吸收特性及其分子量时空分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(3):261-268.
[7]Piccolo A,Zaccheo P,Genevini P G.Chemical characterization of humic substances extracted from organic waste-amended soils[J].Bioresource Technology,1992,40:275-282.
[8]Chin Y P,Aiken G,Loughlin E.Molecular weight,polydispersity,and spectroscopic properties of aquatic humic sustances[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1994,26:1853-1858.
[9]邢友华,董洁,李晓晨,等.东平湖表层沉积物中磷的吸附容量及潜在释放风险分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(4):746-751.
[10]Zhang Y L,Yin Y,Feng L Q,et al.Characterizing chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Lake Tianmuhu and its catchment basin using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis[J].Water Research,2011,45(16):5110-5122.
[11]邵田田,宋开山,丁智,等.辽河水体光学吸收特性的季节变化[J].生态学报,2016,36(7):1861-1871.
[12]Zhang Y L,Zhang E L,Yin Y,et al.Characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in lakes of Yungui Plateau,China,differing in trophic state and altitude[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2010,55(6):2645-2659.
[13]Xie H X,Aubry C,Belanger S,et al.The dynamics of absorption coefficients of CDOM and particles in the St.Lawrence estuarine system:Biogeochemical and physical implications[J].Marine Chemistry,2012,128-129:44-56.
[14]姚昕,孙将凌,董杰,等.东平湖CDOM的光谱吸收特征及环境指示意义[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(10):3232-3236.
[15]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:223-723.
[16]金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范[M].2版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[17]殷燕,吴志旭,张运林,等.新安江水库夏季CDOM吸收光谱特征及来源分析[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(12):3207-3214.
[18]牛城,张运林,朱广伟,等.天目湖流域DOM和CDOM光学特性的对比[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(9):998-1007.
[19]舒彦军,张立亭.求解半变异函数的常用方法与新方法研究[J].测绘空间地理信息,2012,35(5):24-27.
[20]张春媛,贾克力,李畅游,等.乌梁素海水质参数空间变异性分析[J].节水灌溉,2009,(12):18-21.
[21]卢向阳,张金萍,魏帆,等.黄河下游县域耕层土壤养分的空间变异分析-以山东省东阿县为例[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(8):69-73.
[22]GB 3838–2002地表水环境质量标准[S].
[23]高阳俊,曹勇,赵振.基于叶绿素a分级的东部湖区富营养化标准研究[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(12):218-220.
[24]张运林,秦伯强.梅梁湾、大太湖夏季和冬季CDOM特征及可能来源分析[J].水科学进展,2007,18(3):415-423.
[25]Kowalczuk P,Zablocka M,Sagan S,et al.Fluorescence measured in situ as a proxy of CDOM absorption and DOC concentration in the Baltic Sea[J].Oceanologia,2010,52(3):431-471.
[26]Miller M,Mc Knight D M.Comparison of seasonal changes in fluorescent dissolved organic matter among aquatic lake and stream sites in the Green Lakes Valley[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2010,115(12):1-12.
[27]Zhang Y,Yin Y,Feng L.Characterizing chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Lake Tianmuhu and its catchment basin using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis[J].Water Research,2011,45(16):5110-5122.
[28]舒彦军,张立亭.求解半变异函数的常用方法与新方法研究[J].测绘空间地理信息,2012,35(5):24-27.
[29]汤洁,林晓晟,侯克怡,等.基于地统计学和GIS的辽河上游区域土壤养分空间分异研究[J].东北师大学报,2014,46(4):139-146.
[30]王卫光,薛绪掌,耿伟.河套灌区地下水位的空间变异性及其克里金估值[J].灌溉排水学报,2007,26(1):18-21.
[31]李典宝,张玮,王丽卿,等.上海地区不同河道CDOM光谱吸收特征及其可能来源分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(4):488-494.
[32]Haan D H.Solar UV light penetration and photodegradation of humic substances in peaty lake water[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1993,35(5):1072-1076.
[33]王林,赵冬至,杨建洪,等.黄海北部CDOM近紫外区吸收光谱特征研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2010,3:3379-3383.
[34]Ma R,Tang J,Dai J,et al.Absorption and scattering properties of water body in Taihu Lake,China:absorption[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2006,27(19):4277-4304.
[35]方芳,翟端端,郭劲松,等.三峡水库小江回水区溶解有机物的三维荧光光谱特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(3):323-328.
[36]Blough N V,Vecchio R D.Chromophoric DOM in the coastal environment[J].Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter,2002:509-546.
[37]冯龙庆,时志强,潘剑君,等.太湖冬季有色可溶性有机物吸收荧光特性及遥感算法[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(3):348-356.
[38]Rochelle-Newall E J,Fisher T R.Chromophoric dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon in Chesapeake Bay[J].Marine Chemistry,2002,77(1):23-41.
[2]方开凯,黄廷林,张春华,等.淮河流域周村水库夏季CDOM吸收光谱特征、空间分布及其来源分析[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(1):151-159.
[3]张运林,张恩楼,刘明亮.云南高原湖泊有色可溶性有机物和颗粒物光谱吸收特性[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(1):151-159.
[4]姜广甲,马荣华,段鸿涛.利用CDOM吸收系数估算太湖水体表层DOC浓度[J].环境科学,2012,33(7):2235-2243.
[5]陈晓玲,陈莉琼,于之锋,等.长江中游湖泊CDOM光学特性及其空间分布对比[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(2):248-254.
[6]黄昌春,李云梅,孙德勇,等.太湖CDOM紫外吸收特性及其分子量时空分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(3):261-268.
[7]Piccolo A,Zaccheo P,Genevini P G.Chemical characterization of humic substances extracted from organic waste-amended soils[J].Bioresource Technology,1992,40:275-282.
[8]Chin Y P,Aiken G,Loughlin E.Molecular weight,polydispersity,and spectroscopic properties of aquatic humic sustances[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1994,26:1853-1858.
[9]邢友华,董洁,李晓晨,等.东平湖表层沉积物中磷的吸附容量及潜在释放风险分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(4):746-751.
[10]Zhang Y L,Yin Y,Feng L Q,et al.Characterizing chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Lake Tianmuhu and its catchment basin using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis[J].Water Research,2011,45(16):5110-5122.
[11]邵田田,宋开山,丁智,等.辽河水体光学吸收特性的季节变化[J].生态学报,2016,36(7):1861-1871.
[12]Zhang Y L,Zhang E L,Yin Y,et al.Characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in lakes of Yungui Plateau,China,differing in trophic state and altitude[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2010,55(6):2645-2659.
[13]Xie H X,Aubry C,Belanger S,et al.The dynamics of absorption coefficients of CDOM and particles in the St.Lawrence estuarine system:Biogeochemical and physical implications[J].Marine Chemistry,2012,128-129:44-56.
[14]姚昕,孙将凌,董杰,等.东平湖CDOM的光谱吸收特征及环境指示意义[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(10):3232-3236.
[15]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:223-723.
[16]金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范[M].2版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[17]殷燕,吴志旭,张运林,等.新安江水库夏季CDOM吸收光谱特征及来源分析[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(12):3207-3214.
[18]牛城,张运林,朱广伟,等.天目湖流域DOM和CDOM光学特性的对比[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(9):998-1007.
[19]舒彦军,张立亭.求解半变异函数的常用方法与新方法研究[J].测绘空间地理信息,2012,35(5):24-27.
[20]张春媛,贾克力,李畅游,等.乌梁素海水质参数空间变异性分析[J].节水灌溉,2009,(12):18-21.
[21]卢向阳,张金萍,魏帆,等.黄河下游县域耕层土壤养分的空间变异分析-以山东省东阿县为例[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(8):69-73.
[22]GB 3838–2002地表水环境质量标准[S].
[23]高阳俊,曹勇,赵振.基于叶绿素a分级的东部湖区富营养化标准研究[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(12):218-220.
[24]张运林,秦伯强.梅梁湾、大太湖夏季和冬季CDOM特征及可能来源分析[J].水科学进展,2007,18(3):415-423.
[25]Kowalczuk P,Zablocka M,Sagan S,et al.Fluorescence measured in situ as a proxy of CDOM absorption and DOC concentration in the Baltic Sea[J].Oceanologia,2010,52(3):431-471.
[26]Miller M,Mc Knight D M.Comparison of seasonal changes in fluorescent dissolved organic matter among aquatic lake and stream sites in the Green Lakes Valley[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2010,115(12):1-12.
[27]Zhang Y,Yin Y,Feng L.Characterizing chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Lake Tianmuhu and its catchment basin using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis[J].Water Research,2011,45(16):5110-5122.
[28]舒彦军,张立亭.求解半变异函数的常用方法与新方法研究[J].测绘空间地理信息,2012,35(5):24-27.
[29]汤洁,林晓晟,侯克怡,等.基于地统计学和GIS的辽河上游区域土壤养分空间分异研究[J].东北师大学报,2014,46(4):139-146.
[30]王卫光,薛绪掌,耿伟.河套灌区地下水位的空间变异性及其克里金估值[J].灌溉排水学报,2007,26(1):18-21.
[31]李典宝,张玮,王丽卿,等.上海地区不同河道CDOM光谱吸收特征及其可能来源分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(4):488-494.
[32]Haan D H.Solar UV light penetration and photodegradation of humic substances in peaty lake water[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1993,35(5):1072-1076.
[33]王林,赵冬至,杨建洪,等.黄海北部CDOM近紫外区吸收光谱特征研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2010,3:3379-3383.
[34]Ma R,Tang J,Dai J,et al.Absorption and scattering properties of water body in Taihu Lake,China:absorption[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2006,27(19):4277-4304.
[35]方芳,翟端端,郭劲松,等.三峡水库小江回水区溶解有机物的三维荧光光谱特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(3):323-328.
[36]Blough N V,Vecchio R D.Chromophoric DOM in the coastal environment[J].Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter,2002:509-546.
[37]冯龙庆,时志强,潘剑君,等.太湖冬季有色可溶性有机物吸收荧光特性及遥感算法[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(3):348-356.
[38]Rochelle-Newall E J,Fisher T R.Chromophoric dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon in Chesapeake Bay[J].Marine Chemistry,2002,77(1):23-41.