四足棒球棒状ZnO纳/微米材料的制备及其生长机理的研究
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摘要
采用简单的碳热蒸发法在硅衬底上制备了四足棒球棒状ZnO纳/微米材料,结合光致发光谱(PL)、阴极射线发光谱(CL)、XRD谱、SEM以及TEM等分析了该材料的结构和发光特性。结果表明,制备的单晶ZnO纳/微米材料具有纤锌矿结构,并且沿着c轴方向择优生长;每个纳/微米结构有四个足,每个足的直径约为0.2～1.5μm,长度约为3～10μm;室温光致发光谱中包含一个384 nm附近的较弱的近紫外发光峰和一个519 nm附近的较强的绿色发光峰;在单个四足状ZnO纳/微米结构不同位置获得的阴极射线发光谱也被用于对比分析。最后讨论了Ni缓冲层的作用及ZnO四足棒球棒状的生长机理。
The tetrapod ZnO nano /microstructures were synthesized on the Si(100) substrates using carbon-thermal evaporation. The structural and optical properties of the samples were characterized by Xray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),photoluminescence(PL) and cathodoluminescence(CL) spectroscopy. The results indicate that the asprepared tetrapod ZnO nanostructures have a single crystalline wurtzite hexagonal structure preferentially oriented in the c-axis direction. Each nano /microstructures has four legs which are about 3-10 μm in length and 0. 2-1. 5 μm in diameter. The PL measurements of the tetrapod ZnO nano /microstructures reveal a UV peak centered at 384 nm and a green peak centered at 519 nm. For comparative analysis,CL spectra obtained from different regions of an individual tetrapod were also investigated. In the end,the functions of the Ni buffer layer and the growing mechanism of the ZnO nano /microbaseball-bats were discussed.
The tetrapod ZnO nano /microstructures were synthesized on the Si(100) substrates using carbon-thermal evaporation. The structural and optical properties of the samples were characterized by Xray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),photoluminescence(PL) and cathodoluminescence(CL) spectroscopy. The results indicate that the asprepared tetrapod ZnO nanostructures have a single crystalline wurtzite hexagonal structure preferentially oriented in the c-axis direction. Each nano /microstructures has four legs which are about 3-10 μm in length and 0. 2-1. 5 μm in diameter. The PL measurements of the tetrapod ZnO nano /microstructures reveal a UV peak centered at 384 nm and a green peak centered at 519 nm. For comparative analysis,CL spectra obtained from different regions of an individual tetrapod were also investigated. In the end,the functions of the Ni buffer layer and the growing mechanism of the ZnO nano /microbaseball-bats were discussed.
引文
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[2]张林森,李素珍,王力臻,等.电沉积制备的ZnO薄膜在染料敏化太阳能电池中光电性能的研究[J].人工晶体学报,2010,39(4):988-992.Zhang L S,Li S Z,Wang L Z,et al.Study on Photoelectric Properties of ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Electrodeposition in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2010,39(4):988-992.
[3]Yan H,Wang J,Zhong X.Zn-catalyzed Growth Processes and Ferromagnetism of Mn-doped ZnO Nanorods on Si Substrate[J].Applied Surface Science,2011,257(11):5017-5020.
[4]杨凯,余长林,张丽娜,等.BiOCl/ZnO异质结型复合光催化剂的水热合成及其光催化性能[J].人工晶体学报,2012,41(1):171-176.Yang K,Yu C L,Zhang L N,et al.Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of BiOCl/ZnO Heterojunction Photocatalysts[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2012,41(1):171-176.
[5]杨金梅,张海明,王旭,等.不同Ag光照时间对ZnO纳米花荧光增强的影响[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(8):1557-1567.Yang J M,Zhang H M,Wang X,et al.Effects of Different Ag Illumination Time on the Fluorescence Enhancement of ZnO Nanoflowers[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2013,42(8):1557-1567.
[6]Wang F X,Cai X L,Yan D W,et al.Fabrication and Photoluminescence of Caltrop-like ZnO Nanostructures on Silicon Substrate[J].Materials Letters,2013,112:133-135.
[7]贾伟,刘海瑞,党随虎,等.ZnO纳米棒阵列/纳米颗粒团聚复合膜的制备及其光电性能[J].人工晶体学报,2013,42(1):17-23.Jia W,Liu H,Dang S,et al.Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Performance for ZnO Nanorod Arrays/Nanoparticles Aggregate Composite Films[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2013,42(1):17-23.
[8]Chen Z,Shan Z,Cao M,et al.Zinc Oxide Nanotetrapods[J].Nanotechnology,2004,15(3):365.
[9]Roy V,Djurisic A,Chan W,et al.Luminescent and Structural Properties of ZnO Nanorods Prepared under Different Conditions[J].Applied Physics Letters,2003,83(1):141-143.
[10]段惺,徐晓玲,黄承,等.形貌和光照条件对ZnO抗菌性能的影响[J].功能材料,2010,41(3):496-502.Duan X,Xu X L,Huang C,et al.Effect of Morphology and Light Irradiation on Antibacterial Activity of ZnO[J].Functional Materials,2010,41(3):496-502.
[11]冯跃军,庞起,何军,等.ZnO纳米四脚状阵列电极染料敏化太阳能电池[J].功能材料,43(4):426-429.Feng Y J,Pang Q,He J,et al.ZnO Nanotetrapod Arrays Based Electrode Dye Sensitized Solar Cell[J].Functional Materials,43(4):426-429.
[12]Hong K,Song R,Liu L,et al.Synthesis and Cathode Luminescence Properties of ZnO Multipod Nanoneedles[J].Materials Letters,2012,67(1):202-204.
[13]Kong Y,Yu D,Zhang B,et al.Ultraviolet-emitting ZnO Nanowires Synthesized by a Physical Vapor Deposition Approach[J].Applied Physics Letters,2001,78(4):407-409.
[14]Vanheusden K,Seager C,Warren W T,et al.Correlation between Photoluminescence and Oxygen Vacancies in ZnO Phosphors[J].Applied Physics Letters,1996,68:403.
[15]Yan H,Zhong X,Wang J,et al.Cathodoluminescence and Room Temperature Ferromagnetism of Mn-doped ZnO Nanorod Arrays Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition[J].Applied Physics Letters,2007,90(8):82503.
[16]Wu X,Siu G,Fu C,et al.Photoluminescence and Cathodoluminescence Studies of Stoichiometric and Oxygen-deficient ZnO Films[J].Applied Physics Letters,2001,78(16):2285-2287.
[17]Zhang H,Shen L,Guo S.Insight into the Structures and Properties of Morphology-controlled Legs of Tetrapod-like ZnO Nanostructures[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2007,111(35):12939-12943.
[18]Li Y,Duan R,Shi P,et al.Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles on Si Substrates Using a ZnS Source[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2004,260(3):309-315.
[19]何金孝,段垚,王晓峰,等.ZnAl2O4缓冲层对ZnO外延层晶体质量的影响[J].半导体学报,2008,29(7),1334-1337.He J X,Duan Y,Wang X F,et al.Role of a ZnAl2O4Buffer Layer in the Metal Vapor Phase Epitaxy of ZnO[J].Journal of Semiconductors,2008,29(7):1334-1337.
[20]方芳,王立,方文卿,等.MOCVD方法在Ni/Si(111)模板上生长ZnO薄膜[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),2006,30(1):56-58.Fang F,Wang L,Fang W Q,et al.MOCVD Growth of ZnO Film on Ni/Si(111)Template[J].Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science),2006,30(1):56-58.
[21]Ozerov I,Nelson D,Bulgakov A V,et al.Synthesis and Laser Processing of ZnO Nanocrystalline Thin Films[J].Applied Surface Science,2003,212:349-352.
[22]Ronning C,Shang N,Gerhards I,et al.Nucleation Mechanism of the Seed of Tetrapod ZnO Nanostructures[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2005,98(3):034307.
[23]Wang G,Wang Y,Yau M,et al.Synthesis of ZnO Hexagonal Columnar Pins by Chemical Vapor Deposition[J].Materials Letters,2005,59(29):3870-3875.