基于模型辨识的配电线路永久性故障判定方法
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摘要
为提高配电线路重合闸成功率,提出一种相间故障检测技术,在配电变压器低压侧接入受控逆变电源,利用其给停电线路施加瞬时高压以击穿可能存在的故障点。基于产生的暂态电压、电流获取停电线路的频率响应,研究建立不同故障性质下停电线路的频域特性,进而结合模型辨识原理对停电线路内部结构进行有效辨识,判别线路故障性质以决定断路器是否重合闸。该方法现场可实施性强,既可用于配电线路自适应重合闸,也可用于停电一段时间后的线路再送电,理论、仿真和模拟实验都验证了该方法的有效性。
In order to improve the success rate of automatic reclosing of distribution lines, a method for detecting the interphase faults of distribution lines is proposed. A controlled inverter source, which is connected to the low-voltage side of the service transformer, applies an instantaneous high voltage to the de-energized line to break down the possible fault points. Frequency responses of the de-energized line can be obtained based on generated transient voltage and current. By analyzing the frequency domain characteristics of the de-energized line for different fault properties, the internal structure of the deenergized line is identified and the fault property is determined with model recognition principle. Therefore,the decision whether to reclose the circuit breaker can be made confidently. This method can not only be used for adaptive reclosing of distribution lines but also for power recovery after a period of power failure.Theoretical calculation, simulation and experiment have all proved the effectiveness of this method.
In order to improve the success rate of automatic reclosing of distribution lines, a method for detecting the interphase faults of distribution lines is proposed. A controlled inverter source, which is connected to the low-voltage side of the service transformer, applies an instantaneous high voltage to the de-energized line to break down the possible fault points. Frequency responses of the de-energized line can be obtained based on generated transient voltage and current. By analyzing the frequency domain characteristics of the de-energized line for different fault properties, the internal structure of the deenergized line is identified and the fault property is determined with model recognition principle. Therefore,the decision whether to reclose the circuit breaker can be made confidently. This method can not only be used for adaptive reclosing of distribution lines but also for power recovery after a period of power failure.Theoretical calculation, simulation and experiment have all proved the effectiveness of this method.
引文
[1]贺家李,李永丽,董新洲,等.电力系统继电保护原理[M].4版.北京:中国电力出版社,2010.
[2]李育强,王志文,王维庆.具备LVRT能力的光伏接入配网对重合闸的影响及对策[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(15):62-67.Li Yuqiang,Wang Zhiwen,Wang Weiqing.Influence of PV with LVRT capability access to distribution network on automatic reclosing and its countermeasures[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(15):62-67.
[3]刘怀东,王锦桥,冯志强,等.重合闸时刻对动态安全域的影响及最优重合时刻实用算法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(8):1854-1862.Liu Huaidong,Wang Jinqiao,Feng Zhiqiang,et al.Impacts of reclosing time on dynamic security region and a practical algorithm for optimal reclosing time[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(8):1854-1862.
[4]刘欣,郑涛.自动重合闸引起风电场连锁脱网的解决策略分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(5):51-56.Liu Xin,Zheng Tao.Analysis on solution of cascade failure caused by automatic reclosing[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(5):51-56.
[5]梁振锋,索南加乐,宋国兵,等.输电线路自适应重合闸研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(6):140-147.Liang Zhenfeng,Suonan Jiale,Song Guobing,et al.Research review of adaptive reclosure in transmission lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(6):140-147.
[6]罗勋华,黄纯,潘志敏,等.基于序分量无功功率的单相自适应重合闸[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(11):149-156.Luo Xunhua,Huang Chun,Pan Zhimin,et al.Singlephase adaptive reclosure based on reactive power of sequence components[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(11):149-156.
[7]葛耀中.在单相自动重合闸过程中判别瞬时故障和永久故障的方法[J].西安交通大学学报,1984,18(2):23-31.Ge Yaozhong.Method of distinguishing between instant and permanent faults during automatic singlephase reclosing[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,1984,18(2):23-31.
[8]索南加乐,刘辉,吴亚萍,等.基于故障测距的单相自动重合闸永久故障电压自适应补偿判据[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(4):84-88.Suonan Jiale,Liu Hui,Wu Yaping,et al.An adaptive voltage compensation criterion for permanent fault in the single phase automatic re-closing based on fault location[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(4):80-84.
[9]罗勋华,黄纯,江亚群,等.基于电压内积的带并联电抗器输电线路单相自适应重合闸[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(11):17-25.Luo Xunhua,Huang Chun,Jiang Yaqun,et al.Avoltage inner product based approach for single-phase adaptive re-closure on transmission line with shunt reactors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(11):17-25.
[10]李博通,李永丽.带并联电抗器的超高压输电线路自适应重合闸新判据[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(23):48-54.Li Botong,Li Yongli.A new cri-tierion for adaptive single pole auto-reclosure of EHV transmission lines with shunt reactor compensation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(23):48-54.
[11]梁振锋,索南加乐,宋国兵.基于电流差动的双端带并联电抗器输电线路三相重合闸永久性故障判别[J].电网技术,2011,35(6):183-187.Liang Zhenfeng,Suonan Jiale,Song Guobing.Differential current-based identification of permanent faults for three-phase autoreclosure on transmission line with shunt reactors at both ends[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(6):183-187.
[12]索南加乐,梁振锋,宋国兵.采用模量参数识别的三相重合闸永久性故障判别原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(25):81-86.Suonan Jiale,Liang Zhenfeng,Song Guobing.Permanent faults identification based on mode component for three-phase autoreclosing on transmission lines with shunt reactors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(25):81-86.
[13]梁振锋,索南加乐,宋国兵,等.基于模型识别的三相重合闸永久性故障判别[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(8):81-85.Liang Zhenfeng,Suonan Jiale,Song Guobing,et al.Discrimination of permanent faults for three-phase autoreclosing based on model identification[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(8):81-85.
[14]索南加乐,邵文权,宋国兵.基于参数识别的单相自适应重合闸研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(1):48-54.Suonan Jiale,Shao Wenquan,Song Guobing.Study on single-phase adaptive reclosure scheme based on parameter identification[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(1):48-54.
[15]S&C intellirupter pulse closer:outdoor distribution15.5 kV and 27 kV[R].S&C Electric Company,2010.
[16]Wilson D D,Hedman D E.Fault isolator for electric utility distribution systems:US,US4370609[P].1983-01-25.
[17]Rhein D A,Beard L R,Roberts G B,et al.Fault detection system including a capacitor for generating a pulse and a processor for determin:US,US5650728[P].1997-07-22.
[18]Long Xun,Xu W,Li Yunwei.A new technique to detect faults in de-energized distribution feeders-part I:scheme and asymmetrical fault detection[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(3):1893-1901.
[19]Long Xun,Li Yunwei,Xu W,et al.A new technique to detect faults in de-energized distribution feederspart II:symmetrical fault detection[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(3):1902-1910.
[20]朱珂,宋玉涛,徐玉刚,等.一种配电线路有源自适应重合闸技术研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):993-999.Zhu Ke,Song Yutao,Xu Yugang,et al.An active adaptive reclosing scheme for distribution lines[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):993-999.
[21]IEEE Std 399-1997.IEEE recommended practice for industrial and commercial power systems analysis[S].1998.
[22]Wang W,Nino E E,Xu W.Harmonic impedance measurement using a thyristor-controlled short circuit[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2007,1(5):707-713.
[2]李育强,王志文,王维庆.具备LVRT能力的光伏接入配网对重合闸的影响及对策[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(15):62-67.Li Yuqiang,Wang Zhiwen,Wang Weiqing.Influence of PV with LVRT capability access to distribution network on automatic reclosing and its countermeasures[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(15):62-67.
[3]刘怀东,王锦桥,冯志强,等.重合闸时刻对动态安全域的影响及最优重合时刻实用算法[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(8):1854-1862.Liu Huaidong,Wang Jinqiao,Feng Zhiqiang,et al.Impacts of reclosing time on dynamic security region and a practical algorithm for optimal reclosing time[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(8):1854-1862.
[4]刘欣,郑涛.自动重合闸引起风电场连锁脱网的解决策略分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(5):51-56.Liu Xin,Zheng Tao.Analysis on solution of cascade failure caused by automatic reclosing[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(5):51-56.
[5]梁振锋,索南加乐,宋国兵,等.输电线路自适应重合闸研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(6):140-147.Liang Zhenfeng,Suonan Jiale,Song Guobing,et al.Research review of adaptive reclosure in transmission lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(6):140-147.
[6]罗勋华,黄纯,潘志敏,等.基于序分量无功功率的单相自适应重合闸[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(11):149-156.Luo Xunhua,Huang Chun,Pan Zhimin,et al.Singlephase adaptive reclosure based on reactive power of sequence components[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(11):149-156.
[7]葛耀中.在单相自动重合闸过程中判别瞬时故障和永久故障的方法[J].西安交通大学学报,1984,18(2):23-31.Ge Yaozhong.Method of distinguishing between instant and permanent faults during automatic singlephase reclosing[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,1984,18(2):23-31.
[8]索南加乐,刘辉,吴亚萍,等.基于故障测距的单相自动重合闸永久故障电压自适应补偿判据[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(4):84-88.Suonan Jiale,Liu Hui,Wu Yaping,et al.An adaptive voltage compensation criterion for permanent fault in the single phase automatic re-closing based on fault location[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(4):80-84.
[9]罗勋华,黄纯,江亚群,等.基于电压内积的带并联电抗器输电线路单相自适应重合闸[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(11):17-25.Luo Xunhua,Huang Chun,Jiang Yaqun,et al.Avoltage inner product based approach for single-phase adaptive re-closure on transmission line with shunt reactors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(11):17-25.
[10]李博通,李永丽.带并联电抗器的超高压输电线路自适应重合闸新判据[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(23):48-54.Li Botong,Li Yongli.A new cri-tierion for adaptive single pole auto-reclosure of EHV transmission lines with shunt reactor compensation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(23):48-54.
[11]梁振锋,索南加乐,宋国兵.基于电流差动的双端带并联电抗器输电线路三相重合闸永久性故障判别[J].电网技术,2011,35(6):183-187.Liang Zhenfeng,Suonan Jiale,Song Guobing.Differential current-based identification of permanent faults for three-phase autoreclosure on transmission line with shunt reactors at both ends[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(6):183-187.
[12]索南加乐,梁振锋,宋国兵.采用模量参数识别的三相重合闸永久性故障判别原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(25):81-86.Suonan Jiale,Liang Zhenfeng,Song Guobing.Permanent faults identification based on mode component for three-phase autoreclosing on transmission lines with shunt reactors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(25):81-86.
[13]梁振锋,索南加乐,宋国兵,等.基于模型识别的三相重合闸永久性故障判别[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(8):81-85.Liang Zhenfeng,Suonan Jiale,Song Guobing,et al.Discrimination of permanent faults for three-phase autoreclosing based on model identification[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(8):81-85.
[14]索南加乐,邵文权,宋国兵.基于参数识别的单相自适应重合闸研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(1):48-54.Suonan Jiale,Shao Wenquan,Song Guobing.Study on single-phase adaptive reclosure scheme based on parameter identification[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(1):48-54.
[15]S&C intellirupter pulse closer:outdoor distribution15.5 kV and 27 kV[R].S&C Electric Company,2010.
[16]Wilson D D,Hedman D E.Fault isolator for electric utility distribution systems:US,US4370609[P].1983-01-25.
[17]Rhein D A,Beard L R,Roberts G B,et al.Fault detection system including a capacitor for generating a pulse and a processor for determin:US,US5650728[P].1997-07-22.
[18]Long Xun,Xu W,Li Yunwei.A new technique to detect faults in de-energized distribution feeders-part I:scheme and asymmetrical fault detection[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(3):1893-1901.
[19]Long Xun,Li Yunwei,Xu W,et al.A new technique to detect faults in de-energized distribution feederspart II:symmetrical fault detection[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(3):1902-1910.
[20]朱珂,宋玉涛,徐玉刚,等.一种配电线路有源自适应重合闸技术研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):993-999.Zhu Ke,Song Yutao,Xu Yugang,et al.An active adaptive reclosing scheme for distribution lines[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):993-999.
[21]IEEE Std 399-1997.IEEE recommended practice for industrial and commercial power systems analysis[S].1998.
[22]Wang W,Nino E E,Xu W.Harmonic impedance measurement using a thyristor-controlled short circuit[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2007,1(5):707-713.