基于Taguchi-BBD方法的PMSM齿槽转矩抑制
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摘要
针对由永磁同步电机(PMSM)中磁钢与定子铁心之间相互作用而产生的齿槽转矩引起的电机振动与噪声、输出转矩波动、影响控制精度等问题,以一款48槽8极的PMSM为例,提出采用田口方法(Taguchi)与基于Box-Behnken设计的响应面法(BBD)相结合的方式以抑制PMSM的齿槽转矩。为了提高计算效率,首先利用Taguchi对齿槽转矩幅值相关的初选优化变量,即定子铁心槽口宽度、极弧系数、磁钢厚度、偏心距、磁钢充磁方式五个变量,安排了正交试验,并进行了最优目标变量的局部搜索以及对齿槽转矩影响比重较大的初选优化变量进行筛选,得到复选优化变量。其次,利用BBD对复选优化变量安排响应面试验,采用最小二乘法对响应面函数进行拟合回归,并对模型回归结果的有效性和拟合程度进行方差分析,最终利用BBD对最优目标变量进行全局搜索,得到最优解,抑制了PMSM的齿槽转矩幅值。研究结果表明,通过Taguchi-BBD的方法,能有效抑制PMSM的齿槽转矩。
For cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor caused by interactions between magnet poles the stator iron core, which may cause vibration and noise, the output torque ripple, affecting the control precision and so on, PMSM with 48 slots and 8 poles being as an example, the method combining with Taguchi method and response surface method based on Box-Behnken design was proposed to reduce the cogging torque of PMSM. For improving the efficiency, Taguchi method was used to arrange orthogonal test for the first-choice optimization variables which includes slit width of the stator core, arc coefficient, magnetic steel eccentricity and thickness, and direction of magnetization. Target variables was local searched and first-choice optimization variables with greater impact on the cogging torque was screening to get the second-choice optimization variables. Box-Behnken design was used to arrange the test for the second-choice optimization variables. Least square method was used to fit the response surface regression and analysis of variance was used to test the validity of the model regression results and the degree of fitting. In the end, BBD was used to global search for the optimal target variable and suppresses the cogging torque amplitude of PMSM. The results showed that, Taguchi-BBD method can effectively reduce the cogging torque of PMSM.
For cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor caused by interactions between magnet poles the stator iron core, which may cause vibration and noise, the output torque ripple, affecting the control precision and so on, PMSM with 48 slots and 8 poles being as an example, the method combining with Taguchi method and response surface method based on Box-Behnken design was proposed to reduce the cogging torque of PMSM. For improving the efficiency, Taguchi method was used to arrange orthogonal test for the first-choice optimization variables which includes slit width of the stator core, arc coefficient, magnetic steel eccentricity and thickness, and direction of magnetization. Target variables was local searched and first-choice optimization variables with greater impact on the cogging torque was screening to get the second-choice optimization variables. Box-Behnken design was used to arrange the test for the second-choice optimization variables. Least square method was used to fit the response surface regression and analysis of variance was used to test the validity of the model regression results and the degree of fitting. In the end, BBD was used to global search for the optimal target variable and suppresses the cogging torque amplitude of PMSM. The results showed that, Taguchi-BBD method can effectively reduce the cogging torque of PMSM.
引文
[1] 谭建成.永磁无刷直流电机技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011.
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[12] 王秀和,杨玉波,丁婷婷,等.基于极弧系数选择的实心转子永磁同步电动机齿槽转矩削弱方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(15):146-149.
[13] 赵博,张洪亮.Ansoft 12在工程电磁场中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2013.
[14] 何桢,潘越.因子试验,RSM与田口方法的比较研究[J].机械科学与技术,1999(11):1-4.
[15] 赵岩,查琳,郜玉钢,等.人参茎叶总皂苷脂质体制备工艺的Box-Behnken响应面法优化[J].时珍国医国药,2016(10):2412-2415.
[16] 李争,张璐,王群京,等.基于响应面法的永磁转子偏转式三自由度电动机结构参数的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):134-142.
[2] 王秀和.永磁电机[M].2版.北京:中国电力出版社,2011.
[3] 宋伟,王秀和,杨玉波.削弱永磁电机齿槽转矩的一种新方法[J].电机与控制学报,2004,8(3):214-217.
[4] 罗宏浩,廖自力.永磁电机齿槽转矩的谐波分析与最小化设计[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(4):36-40.
[5] 邓秋玲,黄守道,刘婷,等.永磁电机齿槽转矩的研究分析[J].湖南大学学报(自科版),2011,38(3):56-59.
[6] 刘婷.表贴式永磁同步电机齿槽转矩削弱方法研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.
[7] 柴凤,李小鹏,程树康.永磁电动机齿槽转矩的抑制方法[J].微电机,2001,34(6):52-54.
[8] 张琪,梁冰洁,黄苏融,等.槽口宽度对分数槽集中绕组永磁电机齿槽转矩的影响[J].电机与控制应用,2015(7):1-5.
[9] 王秀和,杨玉波,丁婷婷,等.基于极弧系数选择的实心转子永磁同步电动机齿槽转矩削弱方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(15):146-149.
[10] 周俊杰,范承志,叶云岳.盘式永磁电机齿槽转矩的分析与抑制[J].机电工程,2009,26(2):79-81.
[11] 周凤争,刘宝成,唐庆华,等.高速无刷直流电机转子充磁方式研究[J].微电机,2009,42(8):82-83.
[12] 王秀和,杨玉波,丁婷婷,等.基于极弧系数选择的实心转子永磁同步电动机齿槽转矩削弱方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(15):146-149.
[13] 赵博,张洪亮.Ansoft 12在工程电磁场中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2013.
[14] 何桢,潘越.因子试验,RSM与田口方法的比较研究[J].机械科学与技术,1999(11):1-4.
[15] 赵岩,查琳,郜玉钢,等.人参茎叶总皂苷脂质体制备工艺的Box-Behnken响应面法优化[J].时珍国医国药,2016(10):2412-2415.
[16] 李争,张璐,王群京,等.基于响应面法的永磁转子偏转式三自由度电动机结构参数的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):134-142.