自由及其制衡——伯林的两种自由概念研究
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摘要
观念有着不可忽视的重要作用,错误观念产生的问题要通过正确的观念来化解。以赛亚·伯林认为积极自由具有容易变异的特性,因此,积极自由观念往往会造成对自由的背叛;消极自由的实质是绝对的个人权利,它可以对积极自由产生有效的制衡,促使自由内部生态实现平衡。制衡中要重视积极自由的重要价值,在凸显消极自由重要意义的同时不能因噎废食。积极自由与消极自由的制衡实质上是权力与权利的平衡,在政治生活中,既要发挥权力的正面作用,又要保证权利的神圣领地。
Conceptions have an important role which can not be ignored. The problems of wrong ideas should be resolved through the correct ideas. Isaiah Berlin believes that positive freedom has characteristics of variation,therefore, the concept of positive freedom often results in the betrayal of freedom. The essence of negative freedom is absolute individual right, which can produce effective checks and balances on the positive freedom and promote the internal balance of freedom. The important value of positive freedom should be attached importance to in the balance. The balance between positive and negative freedom is essentially the balance between power and right. In the political life, it is not only to play the positive role of power, but also to guarantee the sacred territory of the rights.
Conceptions have an important role which can not be ignored. The problems of wrong ideas should be resolved through the correct ideas. Isaiah Berlin believes that positive freedom has characteristics of variation,therefore, the concept of positive freedom often results in the betrayal of freedom. The essence of negative freedom is absolute individual right, which can produce effective checks and balances on the positive freedom and promote the internal balance of freedom. The important value of positive freedom should be attached importance to in the balance. The balance between positive and negative freedom is essentially the balance between power and right. In the political life, it is not only to play the positive role of power, but also to guarantee the sacred territory of the rights.
引文
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[2]以赛亚·伯林.自由论[M].胡传胜,译.南京:译林出版社,2011.
[3]马克思. 1844年经济学哲学手稿[M].中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局,译.北京:人民出版社,2000.
[4]以赛亚·伯林.自由及其背叛[M].赵国新,译.南京:译林出版社,2011.
[2]以赛亚·伯林.自由论[M].胡传胜,译.南京:译林出版社,2011.
[3]马克思. 1844年经济学哲学手稿[M].中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局,译.北京:人民出版社,2000.
[4]以赛亚·伯林.自由及其背叛[M].赵国新,译.南京:译林出版社,2011.