顾客参与、资源协同和企业创新绩效:基于众包平台的实证研究
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摘要
在互联网不断发展的时代背景下,企业通过众包平台吸引顾客参与到企业创新过程的现象越来越普遍,越来越多的研究也开始关注顾客参与对企业创新绩效的影响。将资源协同划分为顾客—顾客协同以及顾客—企业协同,针对众包的特点,构建一个有调节的中介效应模型。通过众包平台的数据收集和实证检验,结果显示:顾客参与对资源协同、企业创新绩效具有显著的正向影响;资源协同的两个维度对企业创新绩效具有显著的正向影响;资源协同在顾客参与影响企业创新绩效的过程中具有中介作用,顾客—顾客协同的中介作用只存在于合作型众包模式中;众包模式对资源协同的中介效应具有调节作用,竞争型众包模式下顾客—企业协同的中介效应更强。
With the development of Internet,it becomes common for enterprises to attract customers to participate into enterprise innovation through crowdsourcing platforms.Therefore,research interest begins to accumulate over the influence of customer participation on enterprise innovation performance.In this paper,we construct a mediating effect model by dividing resource synergy into customercustomer synergy and customer-enterprise synergy in terms of the characteristics of crowdsourcing.With data collection and empirical test,the following conclusions are obtained:customer participation has a significant positive impact on resource synergy and enterprise innovation performance;the two dimensions of resource synergy have a significant positive impact on enterprise innovation performance;resource synergy plays an intermediate role in the process of customer participation into enterprise innovation performance;the crowdsourcing mode has a moderating effect on the mediating effect of resource synergy.
With the development of Internet,it becomes common for enterprises to attract customers to participate into enterprise innovation through crowdsourcing platforms.Therefore,research interest begins to accumulate over the influence of customer participation on enterprise innovation performance.In this paper,we construct a mediating effect model by dividing resource synergy into customercustomer synergy and customer-enterprise synergy in terms of the characteristics of crowdsourcing.With data collection and empirical test,the following conclusions are obtained:customer participation has a significant positive impact on resource synergy and enterprise innovation performance;the two dimensions of resource synergy have a significant positive impact on enterprise innovation performance;resource synergy plays an intermediate role in the process of customer participation into enterprise innovation performance;the crowdsourcing mode has a moderating effect on the mediating effect of resource synergy.
引文
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[26]孟韬,刘敏.互联网环境下顾客创新、互动机制与顾客体验的关系研究:基于顾客参与创新的动态视角[J].商业研究,2015,61(12):4-10.
[27]FANG E. Customer participation and the trade-off between new product innovativeness and speed to market[J].Journalof Marketing,2008,72(4):90-104.
[28]CHUA C,SWEENEY J C. Customer participation in service production:Development of a multidimensional scale[C].Proceeding of the Anzmac Conference,2003:2152-2159.
[29]杨磊.餐饮企业顾客参与创新对创新绩效的影响研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[30]LE Q,PANCHAL J H. Modeling the effect of product architecture on mass-collaborative processes[J].Journal of Com-puting&Information Science in Engineering,2011,11(1):1-12.
[31]BOUDEAU C. Design meetings and the coordination of expertise[J]. Construction Management&Economics,2013,31(1):78-89.
[32]LII H,JOHN A. Net gain:Expanding markets through virtual communities[J].Journal of Interactive Marketing,1999,13(1):55-65.
[33]KELLEY S W,DONNELLY J H,SKINNER S J. Customer participation in service production and delivery[J].Journalof Retailing,1990,66(3):315-335.
[34]ENNEW C T,BINKS M R. Impact of participative service relationships on quality,satisfaction and retention:An explor-atory study[J].Journal of Business Research,1999,46(2):121-132.
[35]汪涛,郭锐.顾客参与对新产品开发作用机理研究[J].科学学研究,2010,28(9):1383-1387.
[36]王姝,陈劲,梁靓.网络众包模式的协同自组织创新效应分析[J].科研管理,2014,35(4):26-33.
[37]ROBERT G C,ELKO J K. New product performance:Keys to success,profitability&cycle time reduction[J].Journalof Marketing Management,1995,11(4):315-337.
[38]张方华.企业社会资本与技术创新绩效:概念模型与实证分析[J].研究与发展管理,2006,1(3):47-53.
[39]温忠麟,侯杰泰,马什赫伯特.结构方程模型检验:拟合指数与卡方准则[J].心理学报,2004,36(2):186-194.
[40]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰.有中介的调节变量和有调节的中介变量[C].全国心理学学术大会,2005:448-452.
[41]温忠麟,侯杰泰,马什赫伯特.潜变量交互效应分析方法[J].心理科学进展,2003,11(5):593-599.
[42]MACKINNON D P,FRITZ M S,WILLIAMS J,et al. Distribution of the product confidence limits for the indirecteffect:Program PRODCLIN[J].Behavior Research Methods,2007,39(3):384.
[43]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰,等.中介效应检验程序及其应用[J].心理学报,2004,36(5):614-620.
[44]ALTMAN D G,BLAND J M. Interaction revisited:The difference between two estimates[J]. British Medical Journal,2003,326(7382):219-221.
[45]温忠麟,侯杰泰,张雷.调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用[J].心理学报,2005,37(2):268-274.
[2]GONG G,ROSANETO P,CARBONELL F,et al. Age-and gender-related differences in the cortical anatomicalnetwork[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2009,29(50):15684-15693.
[3]SANDEN B,BO E,MATTHING J. New service development:Learning from and with customers[J]. World ScientificBook Chapters,2004,15(5):479-498.
[4]PENIN J,BURGER-HELMCHEN T. Crowdsourcing of inventive activities:Definition and limits[J].International Journalof Innovation&Sustainable Development,2017,5(2/3):246-263.
[5]姚山季,刘德文.众包模式下顾客参与、顾客互动和新产品价值[J].财经论丛,2016(10):85-95.
[6]CHANAL V,CARON-FASAN M L. How to invent a new business model based on crowdsourcing:The Crowdspiritcase[J]. Post-Print,2008.
[7]许娟娟.网络众包模式对中小企业创新绩效的影响研究[D].新乡:河南师范大学,2016.
[8]RAMASWAMY V,GOUILLART F J. The power of co-creation:Build it with them to boost growth,productiviy,andprofits[M].New York:Free Press,2010.
[9]卢俊义,王永贵.顾客参与服务创新与创新绩效的关系研究:基于顾客知识转移视角的理论综述与模型构建[J].管理学报,2011,8(10):1566-1574.
[10]RITTER T,WALTER A. Relationship-specific antecedents of customer involvement in new product development[J].International Journal of Technology Management,2003,26(5/6):482-501.
[11]姚山季,王永贵.顾客参与新产品开发及其绩效影响:关系嵌入的中介机制[J].管理工程学报,2012,26(4):39-48.
[12]董振林.外部知识搜寻、知识整合机制与企业创新绩效:外部环境特性的调节作用[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.
[13]SOUDER.Customer contributions to quality:A different view of the customer-oriented firm[J].The Academy of Man-agement Review,2011,21(3):791-824.
[14]HIENERTH C,HIPPEL E V,JENSEN M B. User community vs. producer innovation development efficiency:A firstempirical study[J].Research Policy,2011,43(1):190-201.
[15]金晔,江可申,姚山季.顾客参与新产品开发对企业技术创新能力的影响机理及案例研究:基于顾客知识转移的视角[J].科技管理研究,2014,34(16):12-17.
[16]FANG E,PALMATIER R W,EVANS K R. Influence of customer participation on creating and sharing of new productvalue[J].Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,2008,36(3):322-336.
[17]徐岚.顾客为什么参与创造?消费者参与创造的动机研究[J].心理学报,2007,39(2):343-354.
[18]FICHTER K.Innovation communities:The role of networks of promotors in Open Innovation[J].R&D Management,2009,39(4):357-371.
[19]PILLER F,VOSSEN A,IHL C. From social media to social product development:The impact of social media on co-cre-ation of innovation[J].Swiss Journal of Business Research&Practice,2012,66(1):7-27.
[20]赫尔曼·哈肯.协同学导论[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1981.
[21]Halder B. Evolution of crowdsourcing:Potential data protection,privacy and security concerns under the new mediaage[J]. Management Review,2010,11(1):15-33.
[22]KIM S L,HAN S,SON S Y,et al. Exchange ideology in supervisor-subordinate dyads,LMX,and knowledge sharing:Asocial exchange perspective[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Management,2017,34:1-26.
[23]RELTON J K,ROTHWELL N J. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist inhibitsischaemic and excitototic neuronal damage inthe rat[J]. Brain Research Bulletin,1992,29(2):243-246.
[24]GRONROOS C,VOIMA P. Critical service logic:Making sense of value creation and co-creation[J].Journal of the A-cademy of Marketing Science,2013,41(2):133-150.
[25]BECKER M G S,KEVIN M. Author index:Social economics market behavior in a social environment[J].Bulletin ofExperimental Biology&Medicine,2000,61(6):632-634.
[26]孟韬,刘敏.互联网环境下顾客创新、互动机制与顾客体验的关系研究:基于顾客参与创新的动态视角[J].商业研究,2015,61(12):4-10.
[27]FANG E. Customer participation and the trade-off between new product innovativeness and speed to market[J].Journalof Marketing,2008,72(4):90-104.
[28]CHUA C,SWEENEY J C. Customer participation in service production:Development of a multidimensional scale[C].Proceeding of the Anzmac Conference,2003:2152-2159.
[29]杨磊.餐饮企业顾客参与创新对创新绩效的影响研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[30]LE Q,PANCHAL J H. Modeling the effect of product architecture on mass-collaborative processes[J].Journal of Com-puting&Information Science in Engineering,2011,11(1):1-12.
[31]BOUDEAU C. Design meetings and the coordination of expertise[J]. Construction Management&Economics,2013,31(1):78-89.
[32]LII H,JOHN A. Net gain:Expanding markets through virtual communities[J].Journal of Interactive Marketing,1999,13(1):55-65.
[33]KELLEY S W,DONNELLY J H,SKINNER S J. Customer participation in service production and delivery[J].Journalof Retailing,1990,66(3):315-335.
[34]ENNEW C T,BINKS M R. Impact of participative service relationships on quality,satisfaction and retention:An explor-atory study[J].Journal of Business Research,1999,46(2):121-132.
[35]汪涛,郭锐.顾客参与对新产品开发作用机理研究[J].科学学研究,2010,28(9):1383-1387.
[36]王姝,陈劲,梁靓.网络众包模式的协同自组织创新效应分析[J].科研管理,2014,35(4):26-33.
[37]ROBERT G C,ELKO J K. New product performance:Keys to success,profitability&cycle time reduction[J].Journalof Marketing Management,1995,11(4):315-337.
[38]张方华.企业社会资本与技术创新绩效:概念模型与实证分析[J].研究与发展管理,2006,1(3):47-53.
[39]温忠麟,侯杰泰,马什赫伯特.结构方程模型检验:拟合指数与卡方准则[J].心理学报,2004,36(2):186-194.
[40]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰.有中介的调节变量和有调节的中介变量[C].全国心理学学术大会,2005:448-452.
[41]温忠麟,侯杰泰,马什赫伯特.潜变量交互效应分析方法[J].心理科学进展,2003,11(5):593-599.
[42]MACKINNON D P,FRITZ M S,WILLIAMS J,et al. Distribution of the product confidence limits for the indirecteffect:Program PRODCLIN[J].Behavior Research Methods,2007,39(3):384.
[43]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰,等.中介效应检验程序及其应用[J].心理学报,2004,36(5):614-620.
[44]ALTMAN D G,BLAND J M. Interaction revisited:The difference between two estimates[J]. British Medical Journal,2003,326(7382):219-221.
[45]温忠麟,侯杰泰,张雷.调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用[J].心理学报,2005,37(2):268-274.