车内音频娱乐系统操作对驾驶绩效的影响研究
|
摘要
研究车内音频娱乐系统操作对驾驶绩效的影响,对于减少因驾驶分心所导致的驾驶差错意义重大.采取车内音频操作实验测试法,对比研究车载及便携式音频娱乐系统对驾驶绩效的影响,给出基于驾驶人扫视行为的减少驾驶分心的预防策略.结果表明,执行较难iPod音频操作导致驾驶绩效变差,驾驶人对危险事件的感知反应时间增加了141%或0.17s,注视前方道路的时间减少了10%,注视车内的时间增加了37s,车辆发生冲突次数明显增加.多于8次扫视或操作需15s以上才能完成的操作,不适宜在车辆行驶时操作.
Studying the influence of in-vehicle audio system on driving performance is of great significance to reducing the driving errors caused by the in-vehicle task distraction.By using the experimental method,the influences of the vehicle and portable audio system on driving performance are compared,and the distraction prevention strategies based on the driver's scanning behavior are proposed.Results show that performing a more difficult iPod task leads to poor driving performance,the driver's perception reaction time for the incident increased by 141% or 0.17 s,the time of watching the road ahead decreases by 10% and the time of watching inside the vehicle increases by 37 s,the number of vehicle conflict increases significantly.The operations which involve more than 8scannings or need more than 15 sare not suitable for operation while driving.
Studying the influence of in-vehicle audio system on driving performance is of great significance to reducing the driving errors caused by the in-vehicle task distraction.By using the experimental method,the influences of the vehicle and portable audio system on driving performance are compared,and the distraction prevention strategies based on the driver's scanning behavior are proposed.Results show that performing a more difficult iPod task leads to poor driving performance,the driver's perception reaction time for the incident increased by 141% or 0.17 s,the time of watching the road ahead decreases by 10% and the time of watching inside the vehicle increases by 37 s,the number of vehicle conflict increases significantly.The operations which involve more than 8scannings or need more than 15 sare not suitable for operation while driving.
引文
[1]STUTTS J,FEAGANES J,REINFURT D,et al.Driver’s exposure to distractions in their natural driving environment[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,2005,37:1093-1101.
[2]KRISTIE L,YOUNG E M,CHRISTINA M R,et al.The effects of using aportable music player on simulated driving performance and task-sharing strategies[J].Applied Ergonomics,2012,43(4):738-746.
[3]WARREN B,ZACK S.Background music as a risk factor for distraction among young-novice drivers[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2013,59:382-393.
[4]ALM H,NILSSON L.Changes in driver behaviour as a function of hands-free mobile phones-a simulator study[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,1994,26(4):441-451.
[5]JAMSON A H,WESTERMAN S J,HOCKEY G R,et al.Speech based email and driver behaviour:effects of an in-vehicle message system interface[J].Human Factors,2004,46(4):625-639.
[6]FULLER R,SANTOS J A.A note on advanced transport technology[C].Human Factors for Highway Engineers,London:Pergamon,2002.
[7]ALTMANN E M,TRAFTON J G.Memory for goals:an activation-based model[J].Cognitive Science:A Multidisciplinary Journal,2002,6(1):39-83.
[8]马艳丽,冷雪,胡宝雨.车载信息系统操作对驾驶员动作分神的影响[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(4):204-209.
[9]JAMES R J,LANA M T,MICHAEL M.Testing assumptions implicit in the use of the 15-second rule as an early predictor of whether an in-vehicle device produces unacceptable levels of distraction[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2008,40(2):628-634.
[2]KRISTIE L,YOUNG E M,CHRISTINA M R,et al.The effects of using aportable music player on simulated driving performance and task-sharing strategies[J].Applied Ergonomics,2012,43(4):738-746.
[3]WARREN B,ZACK S.Background music as a risk factor for distraction among young-novice drivers[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2013,59:382-393.
[4]ALM H,NILSSON L.Changes in driver behaviour as a function of hands-free mobile phones-a simulator study[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,1994,26(4):441-451.
[5]JAMSON A H,WESTERMAN S J,HOCKEY G R,et al.Speech based email and driver behaviour:effects of an in-vehicle message system interface[J].Human Factors,2004,46(4):625-639.
[6]FULLER R,SANTOS J A.A note on advanced transport technology[C].Human Factors for Highway Engineers,London:Pergamon,2002.
[7]ALTMANN E M,TRAFTON J G.Memory for goals:an activation-based model[J].Cognitive Science:A Multidisciplinary Journal,2002,6(1):39-83.
[8]马艳丽,冷雪,胡宝雨.车载信息系统操作对驾驶员动作分神的影响[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2015,15(4):204-209.
[9]JAMES R J,LANA M T,MICHAEL M.Testing assumptions implicit in the use of the 15-second rule as an early predictor of whether an in-vehicle device produces unacceptable levels of distraction[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2008,40(2):628-634.