赤霉素抑制剂对马铃薯离体块茎形成和发育的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究赤霉素抑制剂在块茎形成和发育过程中的作用机理对提高马铃薯产量和品质具有重要的实践价值和意义.【方法】以马铃薯试管苗诱导的匍匐茎为材料,分别添加不同浓度的外源赤霉素及其生物合成抑制剂多效唑、矮壮素和调环酸钙,统计培养40 d后匍匐茎诱导出的块茎的结薯率、平均直径和单薯鲜干质量等,分析赤霉素抑制剂对块茎形成和发育的影响.【结果】在一定浓度范围内,多效唑、矮壮素和调环酸钙促进了马铃薯匍匐茎提早结薯,使块茎的结薯率、平均直径、单薯鲜质量显著增加.其中三类抑制剂中,调环酸钙抑制效果最佳,微量的调环酸钙可以诱导出最大的单薯鲜干质量和块茎直径.当赤霉素浓度为0μmol/L和0.01μmol/L时,调环酸钙诱导出最大单薯鲜干质量和块茎直径的浓度均是5μg/L.【结论】一定浓度的赤霉素抑制剂可有效促进马铃薯块茎形成.
【Objective】 Gibberellin have an effect on inhibiting the formation and development of potato tuber.And the research work on the mechanism of gibberellin inhibitor in formation and development of potato tubers is of important practical values for improving potato yield and quality.【Method】 In this study,the stolon induced from potato plantlet in vitro was used as the material,treated by adding different concentrations of exogenous gibberellin and its biosynthetic inhibitors(paclobutrazol,chlormequat chloride and prohexadion calcium),to measure the percentage of tuberization,average diameter and fresh weight of the tuber after 40 days.The effect of gibberellin inhibitor on tuber formation and development were analyzed.The effects of agents on the formation and development of tubers were also analyzed.【Result】 The paclobutrazol,chlormequat chloride and prohexadione calcium shortened the tuberization time,and which increased the percentage of tuberization,average diameter and tuber fresh weight significantly under the inductive conditions in a certain range.Among three inhibitors,prohexadione calcium performed the best inhibitory effect,and the maximum fresh weight,dry weight and tuber diameter were obtained under a trace concentration.When the concentration of gibberellin was 0 μmol/L and 0.01 μmol/L,the concentration of prohexadione calcium induced the maximum tuber fresh weight,dry weight and tuber diameter under concentration of 5 μg/L.【Conclusion】 Gibberellin inhibitors effectively promoted the potato tuber formation at a certain concentration.
【Objective】 Gibberellin have an effect on inhibiting the formation and development of potato tuber.And the research work on the mechanism of gibberellin inhibitor in formation and development of potato tubers is of important practical values for improving potato yield and quality.【Method】 In this study,the stolon induced from potato plantlet in vitro was used as the material,treated by adding different concentrations of exogenous gibberellin and its biosynthetic inhibitors(paclobutrazol,chlormequat chloride and prohexadion calcium),to measure the percentage of tuberization,average diameter and fresh weight of the tuber after 40 days.The effect of gibberellin inhibitor on tuber formation and development were analyzed.The effects of agents on the formation and development of tubers were also analyzed.【Result】 The paclobutrazol,chlormequat chloride and prohexadione calcium shortened the tuberization time,and which increased the percentage of tuberization,average diameter and tuber fresh weight significantly under the inductive conditions in a certain range.Among three inhibitors,prohexadione calcium performed the best inhibitory effect,and the maximum fresh weight,dry weight and tuber diameter were obtained under a trace concentration.When the concentration of gibberellin was 0 μmol/L and 0.01 μmol/L,the concentration of prohexadione calcium induced the maximum tuber fresh weight,dry weight and tuber diameter under concentration of 5 μg/L.【Conclusion】 Gibberellin inhibitors effectively promoted the potato tuber formation at a certain concentration.
引文
[1] Olszewski N,Sun T,Gubler F.Gibberellin signaling biosynthesis,catabolism,and response pathways[J].The Plant Cell,2002,14(90001):S61-S80.
[2] Hedden P.The genes of the green revolution [J].Trends in Genetics,2003,19(1):5-9.
[3] Ueguchi-Tanaka M,Nakajima M,Motoyuki A,et al.Gibberellin receptor and its role in gibberellin signaling in plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2007,58(1):183-198.
[4] Schwechheimer C,Willige B C.Shedding light on gibberellic acid signaling [J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2009,12(1):57-62.
[5] 雷静,许立兴,崔新仪,等.高效液相色谱法测定马铃薯中GA3含量[J].保鲜与加工,2016(4):123-127.
[6] 程建新,毕阳,田世龙,等.高效液相色谱法同时测定马铃薯块茎中的GA3、IAA和ABA含量[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2013,48(2):26-29.
[7] Sun T P,Kamiya Y.Regulation and cellular localization of ent-kaurene synthesis [J].Physiologia Plantarum,1997,101(4):701-708.
[8] Helliwell C A,Chandler P M,Poole A,et al.The CYP88A cytochrome P450,ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase,catalyzes three steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway [J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2001,98(4):2065-2070.
[9] Claassens M M,Vreugdenhil D.Is dormancy breaking of potato tubers the reverse of tuber initiation [J].Potato Research,2000,43(4):347-369.
[10] Viola R,Roberts A G,Haupt S,Gazzani S,et al.Tuberization in potato involves a switch from apoplastic to symplastic phloem unloading [J].The Plant Cell,2001,13:385-398.
[11] Kumar D,Wareing P F.Studies on tuberization of Solanum andigena [J].New Phytologist,1974,73(5):833-840.
[12] Hammes P S,Nel P C.Control mechanisms in the tuberization process [J].Potato Research,1975,18(2):262-272.
[13] Vreugdenhil D,Struik P C.An integrated view of the hormonal regulation of tuber formation in potato (Solanum tuberosum)[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,75(4):525-531.
[14] Xu X,van Lammeren A,Vermeer E,et al.The role of gibberellin,abscisic acid,and sucrose in the regulation of potato tuber formation in vitro [J].Plant Physiology,1998,117(2):575-584.
[15] Rademacher W.Effects on gibberellin biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology.2000,51(6):501-531.
[16] 张志军,李会珍,姚宏亮,等.多效唑对马铃薯试管苗生长和块茎形成的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2004,30(3):318-322.
[17] Kang Y,Xu Y,L Xue,Gong X,etal.Effects of paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride on potato growth and yield index[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2012,28(15):52-55.
[18] Njiti VN,Xia Q,Tyler L,et al.Effects of prohexadione-calcium on sweet potato vegetative growth as influenced by cultivar and nitrogen [J],African Journal of Agricultural Research,2012,7(15):2372-2379.
[19] 王才彬,吴正锋,赵品绩,等.调环酸钙对花生某些生理特性和产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1160-1164.
[20] 程增书,徐桂真,李玉荣,等.多效唑对花生生长、产量和品质的影响[J].花生学报,2006,35(3):32-36.
[21] 王文举,谢臣.生长调节剂对梨树开花和花粉萌发的影响[J].农业科学研究,2005(4),26:30-32.
[2] Hedden P.The genes of the green revolution [J].Trends in Genetics,2003,19(1):5-9.
[3] Ueguchi-Tanaka M,Nakajima M,Motoyuki A,et al.Gibberellin receptor and its role in gibberellin signaling in plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2007,58(1):183-198.
[4] Schwechheimer C,Willige B C.Shedding light on gibberellic acid signaling [J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2009,12(1):57-62.
[5] 雷静,许立兴,崔新仪,等.高效液相色谱法测定马铃薯中GA3含量[J].保鲜与加工,2016(4):123-127.
[6] 程建新,毕阳,田世龙,等.高效液相色谱法同时测定马铃薯块茎中的GA3、IAA和ABA含量[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2013,48(2):26-29.
[7] Sun T P,Kamiya Y.Regulation and cellular localization of ent-kaurene synthesis [J].Physiologia Plantarum,1997,101(4):701-708.
[8] Helliwell C A,Chandler P M,Poole A,et al.The CYP88A cytochrome P450,ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase,catalyzes three steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway [J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2001,98(4):2065-2070.
[9] Claassens M M,Vreugdenhil D.Is dormancy breaking of potato tubers the reverse of tuber initiation [J].Potato Research,2000,43(4):347-369.
[10] Viola R,Roberts A G,Haupt S,Gazzani S,et al.Tuberization in potato involves a switch from apoplastic to symplastic phloem unloading [J].The Plant Cell,2001,13:385-398.
[11] Kumar D,Wareing P F.Studies on tuberization of Solanum andigena [J].New Phytologist,1974,73(5):833-840.
[12] Hammes P S,Nel P C.Control mechanisms in the tuberization process [J].Potato Research,1975,18(2):262-272.
[13] Vreugdenhil D,Struik P C.An integrated view of the hormonal regulation of tuber formation in potato (Solanum tuberosum)[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,75(4):525-531.
[14] Xu X,van Lammeren A,Vermeer E,et al.The role of gibberellin,abscisic acid,and sucrose in the regulation of potato tuber formation in vitro [J].Plant Physiology,1998,117(2):575-584.
[15] Rademacher W.Effects on gibberellin biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology.2000,51(6):501-531.
[16] 张志军,李会珍,姚宏亮,等.多效唑对马铃薯试管苗生长和块茎形成的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2004,30(3):318-322.
[17] Kang Y,Xu Y,L Xue,Gong X,etal.Effects of paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride on potato growth and yield index[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2012,28(15):52-55.
[18] Njiti VN,Xia Q,Tyler L,et al.Effects of prohexadione-calcium on sweet potato vegetative growth as influenced by cultivar and nitrogen [J],African Journal of Agricultural Research,2012,7(15):2372-2379.
[19] 王才彬,吴正锋,赵品绩,等.调环酸钙对花生某些生理特性和产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1160-1164.
[20] 程增书,徐桂真,李玉荣,等.多效唑对花生生长、产量和品质的影响[J].花生学报,2006,35(3):32-36.
[21] 王文举,谢臣.生长调节剂对梨树开花和花粉萌发的影响[J].农业科学研究,2005(4),26:30-32.