碟式太阳能光热发电跟踪控制系统的研究
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摘要
碟式太阳能光热发电跟踪控制系统的关键技术在于使太阳光线始终垂直照射在碟式聚光器上,提高太阳能的利用率。碟式聚光器跟踪月球的目的是测月光的聚光光斑的相对能流密度分布,乘以太阳直射辐射(DNI),得到太阳的聚光光斑的能流密度分布。采用天文算法计算出太阳和月球的高度角和方位角,得到高精度的太阳和月球位置。该实验平台突破了传统的控制方式,利用全新的上位机软件dishcontrol.exe来控制碟式聚光器的俯仰和水平驱动机构跟踪太阳和月球的高度角和方位角,跟踪方式为双轴跟踪模式,系统的跟踪精度可达0. 001 rad,与以往的控制系统相比,跟踪精度提高了1倍左右。
The key technology of the dish-type solar thermal power generation tracking control system is to make the solar light always illuminate vertically on the dish concentrator to improve the utilization of solar energy. The purpose of the dish concentrator to track the moon is to measure the relative energy density distribution of the moonlight's spotlight spot,multiply by DNI to obtain the energy flow density distribution of the sun's spotlight spot. The astronomical algorithm is used to calculate the elevation and azimuth of the sun and the moon,resulting in high-precision sun and lunar positions. The experimental platform breaks through the traditional control method,and uses the new upper computer software dishcontrol.exe to control the pitch and horizontal drive mechanism of the dish concentrator to track the altitude and azimuth of the sun and the moon. The tracking mode is two-axis tracking mode. The tracking accuracy of the system can reach 0. 001 rad,and the tracking accuracy is doubled compared with the previous control system.
The key technology of the dish-type solar thermal power generation tracking control system is to make the solar light always illuminate vertically on the dish concentrator to improve the utilization of solar energy. The purpose of the dish concentrator to track the moon is to measure the relative energy density distribution of the moonlight's spotlight spot,multiply by DNI to obtain the energy flow density distribution of the sun's spotlight spot. The astronomical algorithm is used to calculate the elevation and azimuth of the sun and the moon,resulting in high-precision sun and lunar positions. The experimental platform breaks through the traditional control method,and uses the new upper computer software dishcontrol.exe to control the pitch and horizontal drive mechanism of the dish concentrator to track the altitude and azimuth of the sun and the moon. The tracking mode is two-axis tracking mode. The tracking accuracy of the system can reach 0. 001 rad,and the tracking accuracy is doubled compared with the previous control system.
引文
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[9]张琛,黄振军,梁伟青,等.碟式太阳能镜面组件面形误差影响分析[J].电力与能源,2017,38(3):293-297.ZHANG CH,HUANG ZH J,LIANG W Q,et al.Analysis of the influence of surface shape error of dish solar mirror components[J].Electricity and Energy,2017,38(3):293-297.
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[11]邸韬.基于ATmegal28单片机的碟式太阳能跟踪控制系统[J].装备制造技术,2011,6(5):20·22.DI T.Disc solar tracking control system based on ATmegal28 microcontroller[J].Equipment Manufacturing Technology,2011,6(5):20·22.
[12]管勋.槽式太阳能热发电系统中聚光装置的结构分析与优化[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.GUAN X.Structural analysis and optimization ofconcentrating device in trough solar thermal power generation system[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2013.
[13]王楠,王心愉,孙飞虎,等.塔式太阳能热发电站圆月夜聚光实验研究[J].新能源进展,2019,7(1):23-31.WANG N,WANG X Y,SUN F H,et al.Experimental study on the concentrating of the tower solar thermal power station on the moonlight night[J].Progress in New Energy,2019,7(1):23-31.
[14]许幼奇,江兵,黄振军,等.碟式太阳能俯仰轴跟踪精度研究[J].上海节能,2017(8):481-483.XU Y Q,JIANG B,HUANG ZH J,et al.Study on tracking accuracy of dish-type solar pitch axis[J].Shanghai Energy Saving,2017(8):481-483.
[15]罗银恒,林云松,吴琪,等.槽式太阳能热发电中的跟踪算法设计[J].东方汽轮城,2012(4):45-50.LUO Y H,LIN Y S,WU Q.Design of tracking algorithm in trough solar thermal power generation[J].Dongfang Turbine,2012(4):45-50.
[16]袁辉,刘朝晖,李治国,等.圆感应同步器系统误差的动态提取与补偿[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(3):794-802.YUAN H,LIU ZH H,LI ZH G,et al.Dynamic extraction and compensation of system error of circular inductosyn[J].Optical Precision Engineering,2015,23(3):794-802.
[2]张莹,李明,季旭,等.槽式太阳能系统聚光镜面参数对聚光特性的影响研究[J].云南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,33(4):14-19.ZHANG Y,LI M,JI X,et al.Study on the influence of concentrating mirror parameters of slot solar system on concentrating characteristics[J].Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2013,33(4):14-19.
[3]陈晓宁,张林,刘建国,等.基于太阳跟踪的自动光谱采集系统制[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(5):800-804.CHEN X N,ZHANG L,LIU J G,et al.Automatic spectral acquisition system based on sun tracking[J].Journal of Solar Energy,2013,34(5):800-804.
[4]朱方园,韩满林,丰济济.太阳能发电用太阳跟踪器的设计[J].控制工程,2009,16(增刊4):109-111.ZHU F Y,HAN M L,FENG J J.Design of solar tracker for solar power generation[J].Control Engineering,2009,16(Supplement4):109-111.
[5]罗馨茹,于勇,俞竹青.槽式太阳能聚光器太阳跟踪机构设计[J].常州大学学报(自然科学版),2012,24(3):57-60.LUO X R,YU Y,YU ZH Q.Design of solar tracking mechanism for trough solar concentrator[J].Journal of Changzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2012,24(3):57-60.
[6]王炳忠,刘庚山.日射观测中常用天文参数的再计算[J].太阳能学报,2006,12(1):27-32.WANG B ZH,LIU G SH.Recalculation of commonly used astronomical parameters in insolation observation[J].Journal of Solar Energy,2006,12(1):27-32.
[7]丁伟.太阳能发电自动跟踪控制系统研究与实现[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010.DING W.Research and implementation of automatic tracking control system for solar power generation[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2010.
[8]陈庚.槽式太阳能集热器热性能分析与实验[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.CHEN G.Thermal performance analysis and experiment of trough solar collector[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
[9]张琛,黄振军,梁伟青,等.碟式太阳能镜面组件面形误差影响分析[J].电力与能源,2017,38(3):293-297.ZHANG CH,HUANG ZH J,LIANG W Q,et al.Analysis of the influence of surface shape error of dish solar mirror components[J].Electricity and Energy,2017,38(3):293-297.
[10]杜春旭,王普,马重芳,等.一种高精度太阳位置算法[J].能源工程,2010(2):41-44,48.DU CH X,WANG P,MA CH F,et al.A high precision sun position algorithm[J].Energy Engineering,2010(2):41-44,48.
[11]邸韬.基于ATmegal28单片机的碟式太阳能跟踪控制系统[J].装备制造技术,2011,6(5):20·22.DI T.Disc solar tracking control system based on ATmegal28 microcontroller[J].Equipment Manufacturing Technology,2011,6(5):20·22.
[12]管勋.槽式太阳能热发电系统中聚光装置的结构分析与优化[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.GUAN X.Structural analysis and optimization ofconcentrating device in trough solar thermal power generation system[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2013.
[13]王楠,王心愉,孙飞虎,等.塔式太阳能热发电站圆月夜聚光实验研究[J].新能源进展,2019,7(1):23-31.WANG N,WANG X Y,SUN F H,et al.Experimental study on the concentrating of the tower solar thermal power station on the moonlight night[J].Progress in New Energy,2019,7(1):23-31.
[14]许幼奇,江兵,黄振军,等.碟式太阳能俯仰轴跟踪精度研究[J].上海节能,2017(8):481-483.XU Y Q,JIANG B,HUANG ZH J,et al.Study on tracking accuracy of dish-type solar pitch axis[J].Shanghai Energy Saving,2017(8):481-483.
[15]罗银恒,林云松,吴琪,等.槽式太阳能热发电中的跟踪算法设计[J].东方汽轮城,2012(4):45-50.LUO Y H,LIN Y S,WU Q.Design of tracking algorithm in trough solar thermal power generation[J].Dongfang Turbine,2012(4):45-50.
[16]袁辉,刘朝晖,李治国,等.圆感应同步器系统误差的动态提取与补偿[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(3):794-802.YUAN H,LIU ZH H,LI ZH G,et al.Dynamic extraction and compensation of system error of circular inductosyn[J].Optical Precision Engineering,2015,23(3):794-802.