西沙地区西科1井综合地层学研究
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摘要
为建立西沙地区与邻近琼东南盆地深水区之间可对比的地层格架及明确二者之间碳酸盐岩—生物礁群的发育规律,基于岩芯暴露面、生物地层、古地磁及化学地层的分析与相互印证,开展了西科1井的综合地层研究。研究认为该井0～214.89 m为乐东组,底界年龄约2.0 Ma; 214.89～288.43 m为莺歌海组一段,底界年龄约3.2 Ma; 288.43～374.95 m为莺歌海组二段,底界年龄约5.3Ma; 374.95～470.1m为黄流组一段,底界年龄约7.2 Ma; 470.1～576.5 m为黄流组二段,底界年龄约11.6 Ma; 576.5～758.4 m为梅山组一段,底界年龄约13.8 Ma;758.4～1032.46m为梅山组二段,底界年龄约16Ma;1032.46～1179.69m为三亚组一段,底界年龄约21Ma;1179.69～1257.52 m为三亚组二段,底界年龄约23 Ma。
In order to establish a stratigraphic framework and to understand the development of carbonate reefs between the Xisha area and the adjacent deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, we carried out an integated biotratigraphic, chemostratigraphic, and magnetostratigraphic study of Well XK-1 in the Xisha area. The results show that 0～214.89 m is the Ledong Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 2.0 Ma, 214.89～288.43 m is member if the Yinggehai Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 3.2 Ma; 288.43～374.95 m is the second member of the Yinggehai Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 5.3 Ma; 374.95～470.1 m is the first member of the Huangliu Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 7.2 Ma; 470.1～576.5 m is the second member of the Huangliu Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 11.6 Ma; 576.5～758.4 m is the first member of the Meishan Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 13.8 Ma; 758.4～1032.46 m is the second member of the Meishan Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 16 Ma; 1032.46～1179.69 m is the first member of the Sanya Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 21 Ma; 1179.69～1257.52 m is the second member of the Sanya Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 23 Ma.
In order to establish a stratigraphic framework and to understand the development of carbonate reefs between the Xisha area and the adjacent deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, we carried out an integated biotratigraphic, chemostratigraphic, and magnetostratigraphic study of Well XK-1 in the Xisha area. The results show that 0～214.89 m is the Ledong Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 2.0 Ma, 214.89～288.43 m is member if the Yinggehai Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 3.2 Ma; 288.43～374.95 m is the second member of the Yinggehai Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 5.3 Ma; 374.95～470.1 m is the first member of the Huangliu Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 7.2 Ma; 470.1～576.5 m is the second member of the Huangliu Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 11.6 Ma; 576.5～758.4 m is the first member of the Meishan Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 13.8 Ma; 758.4～1032.46 m is the second member of the Meishan Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 16 Ma; 1032.46～1179.69 m is the first member of the Sanya Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 21 Ma; 1179.69～1257.52 m is the second member of the Sanya Formation in Well XK-1, with a possible bottom age of 23 Ma.
引文
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陈鹤,巩恩普,关长庆,孙宝亮,张永利.2008.C、O、Sr同位素及微量元素组成在生物礁礁体环境研究中的应用.世界地质,27(2):130-136.
方迎尧,周伏洪.1998.南海中央海盆条带状磁异常特征与海底扩张.物探与化探,22(4):272~278.
郭晓然,赵明辉,黄海波,丘学林,王建,贺恩远,张佳政.2016.西沙地块地壳结构及其构造属性.地球物理学报,59(4):1414-1425.
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刘新宇,祝幼华,廖卫华,罗威,马兆亮,徐守立,马瑞芳.2015.西沙群岛西科1井珊瑚组合面貌及其生态环境.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):688-696.
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王振峰,时志强,张道军,黄可可,尤丽,段雄,李胜勇.2015.西沙群岛西科1井中新统-上新统白云岩微观特征及成因.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):633-644.
王振峰,张道军,刘新宇,尤丽,罗威,易亮,祝幼华,秦华峰,谢强,车志伟,李忠权,邓成龙,朱日祥.2016.西沙群岛西科1井晚中新世-上新世生物礁沉积的磁性地层学初步结果.地球物理学报,59(11):4178-4187.
王振峰,张道军,刘新宇,尤丽,罗威,易亮,谭亮成,祝幼华,秦华峰,程海,李忠权,谢强,车志伟,邓成龙,朱日祥.2017.基于古地磁与230 Th定年的西沙西科1井乐东组生物礁沉积年代的初步研究.地球物理学报,60(3):1027-1038.
魏喜,贾承造,孟卫工,张方礼.2007.西琛1井碳酸盐岩的矿物成分、地化特征及地质意义.岩石学报,23(11):2015-3025.
谢金有,祝幼华,麦文,刘新宇,赵飞,赵鹏肖.2010.南海北部莺琼盆地钙质超微化石年代地层研究.微体古生物学报,27(4)289-298.
谢玉洪.2014.南海北部自营深水天然气勘探重大突破及其启示.天然气工业,34(10):1-8.
修淳,罗威,杨红君,翟世奎,刘新宇,曹佳琪,刘晓锋,陈宏言,张爱滨.2015.西沙石岛西科1井生物礁碳酸盐岩地球化学特征.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):645-652.
许红,王玉净,蔡峰,勾韵娴,孙萍,章炳高,龚建明,张小筠.1999.西沙中新世生物地层和藻类的造礁作用与生物礁演变特征.北京:科学出版社.19-68.
许淑梅,张晓东,翟世奎,卢海建.2007.海洋环境中氧化还原敏感性微量元素的地球化学行为及环境指示意义.海洋地质动态,23(3):11-18.
杨振,吴时国,吕福亮,王大伟,王彬,鲁银涛.2014.西沙海区晚新生代碳酸盐台地的发育模式及控制因素.海洋地质与第四纪地质,34(5):47-55.
易亮,王振峰,张道军,尤丽,罗威,祝幼华,秦华峰,邓成龙.2016.西沙西科1井三亚组生物礁沉积的磁性地层及其环境意义.海岸工程,35(3):1-11.
翟世奎,米立军,沈星,刘新宇,修淳,孙志鹏,曹佳琪.2015.西沙石岛生物礁的矿物组成及其环境指示意义.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):597-605.
张明书.1990.西沙西永1井礁相第四纪地层的划分.海洋地质与第四纪地质,10(2):57-64.
祝幼华,刘新宇,马瑞芳,罗威,王学恒,徐守立.2016.南海西沙群岛西科1井早中新世-第四纪生物礁地层中钙质超微化石的发现及其意义.古生物学报,55(3):385-392.
Boudagher-Fadel M K.2008.The Cenozoic larger benthic foraminifera:the Neogene.Developments in Palaeontology&Stratigraphy,21(8):419-487.
Bown P R.1998.Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy.London:Chapman&Hall.225-265.
Briskin M&Berggren W A.1975.Pleistocene stratigraphy and quantitative paleo-oceanography of tropical north Atlantic Core V16-205//Saito T&Burckle L H.Late Neogene epoch boundaries.New York:Micropaleontology Press.167-198.
Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Schmitz M D&Ogg G M.2012.The Geologic Time Scale 2012(Volume 1).Oxford:Elsevier BV.88-1124.
Hilgen F J,Lourens L J,Van Dam J A.2012.The Neogene Period//Gradstein F,Ogg J G,Chmitz M D,Ogg G M eds.The Geologic Time Scale 2012.Amsterdamt:Elsevier B V.923-978.
Li Q,Simo J A,McGowrana B&Holbournd A.2004.The eustatic and tectonic origin of Neogene unconformities from the Great Australian Bight.Marine Geology,203(1-2):57-81.
Renema W.2007.Fauna development of larger benthic foraminifera in the Cenozoic of Southeast Asia//Renema W.Biogeography,time,and place:distributions,barriers,and islands.Berlin:Springer.179-215.
常华进,储雪蕾,冯连君,黄晶,张启锐.2009.氧化还原敏感微量元素对古海洋沉积环境的指示意义.地质论评,55(1):91-99.
陈鹤,巩恩普,关长庆,孙宝亮,张永利.2008.C、O、Sr同位素及微量元素组成在生物礁礁体环境研究中的应用.世界地质,27(2):130-136.
方迎尧,周伏洪.1998.南海中央海盆条带状磁异常特征与海底扩张.物探与化探,22(4):272~278.
郭晓然,赵明辉,黄海波,丘学林,王建,贺恩远,张佳政.2016.西沙地块地壳结构及其构造属性.地球物理学报,59(4):1414-1425.
韩春瑞.1989.西琛一井礁相沉积碳酸盐矿物及氧、碳稳定同位素特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,9(4):29-40.
蒋仲雄,曾麟,李明兴等.1994.中国油气区第三系(Ⅷ)南海北部大陆架油气区分册.北京:石油工业出版社.1-80.
金庆焕.1989.南海地质与油气资源.北京:地质出版社.151-219.
刘新宇,谢金有,张伙兰,何卫军.2009.南海北部莺琼盆地浮游有孔虫年代地层研究.微体古生物学报,26(2):181-192.
刘新宇,祝幼华,廖卫华,罗威,马兆亮,徐守立,马瑞芳.2015.西沙群岛西科1井珊瑚组合面貌及其生态环境.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):688-696.
马兆亮,祝幼华,刘新宇,罗威,马瑞芳,徐守立.2015.西沙群岛西科1井第四纪钙藻及其生态功能.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):718-724.
南海北部大陆架第三系编辑委员会.1981.南海北部大陆架第三系.广州:广东科技出版社.35-95.
乔培军,朱伟林,邵磊,张道军,成鑫荣,宋亚敏.2015.西沙群岛西科1井碳酸盐岩稳定同位素地层学.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):725-732.
秦国权.1987.西沙群岛“西永一井”有孔虫组合及该群岛珊瑚礁成因初探.热带海洋,6(3):10~20.
王崇友,何希贤,裘松余.1979.西沙群岛西永一井碳酸盐岩地层与微体古生物的初步研究.石油实验地质,23~38.
王玉净,勾韵娴,章炳高,许红,蔡峰,龚建明.1996.西沙群岛西琛一井中新世地层、古生物群和古环境研究.微体古生物学报,13(3):215-233.
王振峰,时志强,张道军,黄可可,尤丽,段雄,李胜勇.2015.西沙群岛西科1井中新统-上新统白云岩微观特征及成因.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):633-644.
王振峰,张道军,刘新宇,尤丽,罗威,易亮,祝幼华,秦华峰,谢强,车志伟,李忠权,邓成龙,朱日祥.2016.西沙群岛西科1井晚中新世-上新世生物礁沉积的磁性地层学初步结果.地球物理学报,59(11):4178-4187.
王振峰,张道军,刘新宇,尤丽,罗威,易亮,谭亮成,祝幼华,秦华峰,程海,李忠权,谢强,车志伟,邓成龙,朱日祥.2017.基于古地磁与230 Th定年的西沙西科1井乐东组生物礁沉积年代的初步研究.地球物理学报,60(3):1027-1038.
魏喜,贾承造,孟卫工,张方礼.2007.西琛1井碳酸盐岩的矿物成分、地化特征及地质意义.岩石学报,23(11):2015-3025.
谢金有,祝幼华,麦文,刘新宇,赵飞,赵鹏肖.2010.南海北部莺琼盆地钙质超微化石年代地层研究.微体古生物学报,27(4)289-298.
谢玉洪.2014.南海北部自营深水天然气勘探重大突破及其启示.天然气工业,34(10):1-8.
修淳,罗威,杨红君,翟世奎,刘新宇,曹佳琪,刘晓锋,陈宏言,张爱滨.2015.西沙石岛西科1井生物礁碳酸盐岩地球化学特征.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):645-652.
许红,王玉净,蔡峰,勾韵娴,孙萍,章炳高,龚建明,张小筠.1999.西沙中新世生物地层和藻类的造礁作用与生物礁演变特征.北京:科学出版社.19-68.
许淑梅,张晓东,翟世奎,卢海建.2007.海洋环境中氧化还原敏感性微量元素的地球化学行为及环境指示意义.海洋地质动态,23(3):11-18.
杨振,吴时国,吕福亮,王大伟,王彬,鲁银涛.2014.西沙海区晚新生代碳酸盐台地的发育模式及控制因素.海洋地质与第四纪地质,34(5):47-55.
易亮,王振峰,张道军,尤丽,罗威,祝幼华,秦华峰,邓成龙.2016.西沙西科1井三亚组生物礁沉积的磁性地层及其环境意义.海岸工程,35(3):1-11.
翟世奎,米立军,沈星,刘新宇,修淳,孙志鹏,曹佳琪.2015.西沙石岛生物礁的矿物组成及其环境指示意义.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,40(4):597-605.
张明书.1990.西沙西永1井礁相第四纪地层的划分.海洋地质与第四纪地质,10(2):57-64.
祝幼华,刘新宇,马瑞芳,罗威,王学恒,徐守立.2016.南海西沙群岛西科1井早中新世-第四纪生物礁地层中钙质超微化石的发现及其意义.古生物学报,55(3):385-392.
Boudagher-Fadel M K.2008.The Cenozoic larger benthic foraminifera:the Neogene.Developments in Palaeontology&Stratigraphy,21(8):419-487.
Bown P R.1998.Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy.London:Chapman&Hall.225-265.
Briskin M&Berggren W A.1975.Pleistocene stratigraphy and quantitative paleo-oceanography of tropical north Atlantic Core V16-205//Saito T&Burckle L H.Late Neogene epoch boundaries.New York:Micropaleontology Press.167-198.
Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Schmitz M D&Ogg G M.2012.The Geologic Time Scale 2012(Volume 1).Oxford:Elsevier BV.88-1124.
Hilgen F J,Lourens L J,Van Dam J A.2012.The Neogene Period//Gradstein F,Ogg J G,Chmitz M D,Ogg G M eds.The Geologic Time Scale 2012.Amsterdamt:Elsevier B V.923-978.
Li Q,Simo J A,McGowrana B&Holbournd A.2004.The eustatic and tectonic origin of Neogene unconformities from the Great Australian Bight.Marine Geology,203(1-2):57-81.
Renema W.2007.Fauna development of larger benthic foraminifera in the Cenozoic of Southeast Asia//Renema W.Biogeography,time,and place:distributions,barriers,and islands.Berlin:Springer.179-215.