摘要
目的探讨湘江长沙综合枢纽工程正式运行后对库区血吸虫病传播的影响和防控措施。方法搜集建坝前(2004—2009年)、建设阶段(2010—2014年)和运行阶段(2015—2016年)湘江长沙综合枢纽工程库区水位、洲滩面积、血吸虫病疫情和钉螺疫情,分析人畜血吸虫病感染、螺情与人群感染率,开展小白鼠水体安全测定和水体尾蚴的核酸检测,螺情与工程运行后航运的关系。结果湘江长沙综合枢纽工程库区螺情、人畜感染率总体下降;工程运行后,钉螺面积、活螺平均密度和人群血吸虫病发病率均有所上升。结论湘江长沙综合枢纽运行对血吸虫传播存在一定风险,应给予重视并持续加强监测,落实血防措施。
Objective To discuss the influence of multipurpose hydraulic project in Xiang River on the transmission of schistosomiasis after operated in Changsha and relevant control measures. Methods To collect the datas of reservoir water level, beach area, Schistosomiasis and Oncomelania snails of Changsha multipurpose hydraulic project in Xiang River before the dam was built(2004-2009 year),during construction stage(2010-2014 year)and operation stage(2015-2016 year),to analyze infected rate of human and animal schistosomiasis, Snails and population infection rate,carry out the water safety test by using Musmusculus and thenucleic acid of cercariae contained in water. Results The endemic range of snailsinreservoir area of Xiang river and the infection rate of human and livestock were totally decreased, however, after the operation of Changsha multipurpose hydraulic project in Xiang river, the snail area, the average density of living snail and the incidence of schistosomiasis were raised. Conclusion The operation of Changsha multipurpose hydraulic project in Xiang River poses some risks to the transmission of schistosomiasis, which should be associated and enhance the monitoring, and to implement prevent control measures.
引文
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