黔西北毕节地区中二叠统碳酸盐岩成岩作用
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摘要
黔西北毕节地区中二叠统栖霞组和茅口组碳酸盐岩发育,地层出露良好。通过野外剖面的观察和实测,室内铸体薄片的鉴定、阴极发光分析以及碳氧同位素分析,结合区域地质背景和前人研究成果,认为黔西北毕节地区中二叠统碳酸盐岩的成岩作用具有如下特征:(1)中二叠统主要发育颗粒结构的灰岩和白云质灰岩(豹斑灰岩),岩石样品整体显示不发光—弱发光的阴极发光特征,碳同位素比值为1.2‰~4.6‰,表明岩石未受大气淡水的显著影响;(2)中二叠统碳酸盐岩受成岩改造作用强烈,发育海水潜流环境的泥晶化作用、海水渗流环境的等厚环边和马牙状方解石胶结作用、淡水渗流和潜流环境的等轴粒状—块状胶结和方解石的共轴生长、以及硅化作用、白云化作用和白云石的溶解作用、破裂作用、压实压溶作用等成岩作用,据此建立了相应的成岩演化序列;(3)硅化作用和白云化作用可能受到局部特殊热事件的影响,但具体的影响程度需要进一步的研究。
Carbonate rocks are well developed and exposed in the Middle Permian Xixia formation and Maokou formation in Bijie area,northwestern Guizhou. Based on field geological section observation and measurement, thin section identification, cathodoluminescenceand carbon and oxygen isotope analysis, and combined with the regional background and previous research, the paper summarizes 3 diage-netic characteristics of the Middle Permian carbonate rocks in Bijie area. The first is that limestone and dolomitic limestone with grainedtextures are mainly developed in the Middle Permian, the rock samples from the stratum exhibit non-luminescence to weak luminescencewith the carbon isotope ratio ranging from 1.2‰ to 4.6‰, indicating that the rocks weren't significantly influenced by meteoric freshwater;the second is that the Middle Permian carbonate rocks suffered from strong diagenesis, and many types of diagenesis such as lithification ofmicrite under marine phreatic environment, cementation of rimmed, equal-thickness and horse tooth-like calcite under marine vadose envi-ronment, equiaxial granulous—blocky cementation and syntaxial overgrowth of calcite under fresh-water vadose and phreatic environments,silicification, dolomitization and dolomite dissolution, rupturing and compaction and pressure dissolution etc. are found and the correspond-ing diagenetic evolution sequences are established; the third is that silicification and dolomitization may be influenced by local special ther-mal events, but the influencing degree needs to be studied further.
Carbonate rocks are well developed and exposed in the Middle Permian Xixia formation and Maokou formation in Bijie area,northwestern Guizhou. Based on field geological section observation and measurement, thin section identification, cathodoluminescenceand carbon and oxygen isotope analysis, and combined with the regional background and previous research, the paper summarizes 3 diage-netic characteristics of the Middle Permian carbonate rocks in Bijie area. The first is that limestone and dolomitic limestone with grainedtextures are mainly developed in the Middle Permian, the rock samples from the stratum exhibit non-luminescence to weak luminescencewith the carbon isotope ratio ranging from 1.2‰ to 4.6‰, indicating that the rocks weren't significantly influenced by meteoric freshwater;the second is that the Middle Permian carbonate rocks suffered from strong diagenesis, and many types of diagenesis such as lithification ofmicrite under marine phreatic environment, cementation of rimmed, equal-thickness and horse tooth-like calcite under marine vadose envi-ronment, equiaxial granulous—blocky cementation and syntaxial overgrowth of calcite under fresh-water vadose and phreatic environments,silicification, dolomitization and dolomite dissolution, rupturing and compaction and pressure dissolution etc. are found and the correspond-ing diagenetic evolution sequences are established; the third is that silicification and dolomitization may be influenced by local special ther-mal events, but the influencing degree needs to be studied further.
引文
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[3]李飞.下扬子黄桥地区二叠系栖霞组成藏条件分析[J].油气藏评价与开发,2017,7(3):15-19.LI Fei.Analysis of reservoir forming conditions of Permian Qixia formation in Huangqiao block of Lower Yangtze area[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2017,7(3):15-19.
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[5]张长青,毛景文,吴锁平,等.川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床分布、特征及成因[J].矿床地质,2005,24(3):336-347.ZHANG Changqing,MAO Jingwen,WU Suoping,et al.Distribution,characteristics and genesis of Mississippi Valley-Type lead-zinc deposits in Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou area[J].Mineral Deposits,2005,24(3):336-347.
[6]冯国玉,黄杰,覃鹏.黔西北赫章地区铅锌矿远景[J].矿产与地质,2009,23(3):225-229.FENG Guoyu,HUANG Jie,QIN Peng.Prospecting foreground of lead-zinc deposits in Hezhang area of northwest Guizhou[J].Mineral Resources and Geology,2009,23(3):225-229.
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[9]杨绳武.贵州石炭、二叠系床板珊瑚化石[J].贵州地质,1985,2(1):17-36.YANG Shengwu.Carboniferous and Permian Tabulata of Guizhou[J].Geology of Guizhou,1985,2(1):17-36.
[10]金玉玕,王向东,尚庆华,等.中国二叠纪年代地层划分和对比[J].地质学报,1999,73(2):97-108.JIN Yugan,WANG Xiangdong,SHANG Qinghua,et al.Chronostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of the Permian in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1999,73(2):97-108.
[11]张明发,秦守荣,董文兰,等.从?类演化讨论贵州二叠系下限问题[J].地层学杂志,2014,38(1):105-108.ZHANG Mingfa,QIN Shourong,DONG Wenlan,et al.On the lower boundary of the Permian system in Guizhou province based on fusulinid data[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2014,38(1):105-108.
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