不同品种牛SCD1基因表达与肌肉脂肪酸组成的关系研究
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摘要
为了研究肉牛硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(stearoyl-Co A desaturease1,SCD1)基因的表达机制及其参与脂肪酸代谢的调控机制,试验选择年龄相近的蜀宣花牛、巴山牛和安杂牛三个品种共30头牛,在相同的饲养管理条件下饲养,90 d后屠宰,分别采用气相色谱-质谱联用法和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测肌肉中脂肪酸含量、组成及SCD1基因表达量。结果表明:三个品种牛肉中饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)相对含量均占总脂肪酸的69.5%以上;安杂牛肉中SFA含量显著高于蜀宣花牛和巴山牛(P<0.05),而不饱和脂肪酸(unsaturated fatty acid,UFA)含量显著低于蜀宣花牛和巴山牛(P<0.05);蜀宣花牛和巴山牛单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)相对含量极显著高于安杂牛(P<0.01)。在MUFA中油酸(Oleate,C18∶1)含量最高,蜀宣花牛和巴山牛极显著高于安杂牛(P<0.01);蜀宣花牛和巴山牛背最长肌组织中SCD1基因表达量显著高于安杂牛(P<0.05),这与UFA变化一致,即蜀宣花牛和巴山牛背最长肌中UFA显著高于安杂牛。说明SCD1可作为优质肉牛品种培育、评估的重要候选基因。
The aim of the present study was to identify the expression mechanism of stearoyl-Co A desaturase 1( SCD1) gene in beef cattle and its role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism. Thirty crossbreed cattle of the same age,including Shuxuan cattle,Bashan cattle and Angus crossbreed cattle,were selected and reared under the same feeding and management conditions. After feeding for 90 d,the beef cattle were slaughtered. The fatty acid content,composition and SCD1 gene expression in longissimus dorsi were detected by GM-MS and real-time quantitative PCR,respectively. The results showed that the relative contents of saturated fatty acid( SFA) in three kinds of cattle were more than69. 5% in total fatty acids. The level of SFA in Angus crossbreed cattle was significantly higher than that in Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle( P<0. 05). While the level of unsaturated fatty acid( UFA) in Angus crossbreed cattle was significantly lower than that of Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle( P<0. 05). The relative content of monounsaturated fatty acid( MUFA) in Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus crossbreed cattle( P<0. 01). The content of Oleate in the MUFA was the highest( C18 ∶ 1). And the level of oleate in Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus crossbreed cattle( P<0.01). The expression level of SCD1 gene in longissimus dorsi of Shuxuan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus crossbreed cattle( P<0.05). It was consistent with the change of UFA in the muscle of three kinds of crossbreed cattle. The level of UFA in the longissimus dorsi of Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus cattle. It was consistent with the high level expression of SCD1. The results indicated that the SCD1 could be used as an impotant candidate gene for breeding and and evaluation of high quality beef cattle breeds.
The aim of the present study was to identify the expression mechanism of stearoyl-Co A desaturase 1( SCD1) gene in beef cattle and its role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism. Thirty crossbreed cattle of the same age,including Shuxuan cattle,Bashan cattle and Angus crossbreed cattle,were selected and reared under the same feeding and management conditions. After feeding for 90 d,the beef cattle were slaughtered. The fatty acid content,composition and SCD1 gene expression in longissimus dorsi were detected by GM-MS and real-time quantitative PCR,respectively. The results showed that the relative contents of saturated fatty acid( SFA) in three kinds of cattle were more than69. 5% in total fatty acids. The level of SFA in Angus crossbreed cattle was significantly higher than that in Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle( P<0. 05). While the level of unsaturated fatty acid( UFA) in Angus crossbreed cattle was significantly lower than that of Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle( P<0. 05). The relative content of monounsaturated fatty acid( MUFA) in Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus crossbreed cattle( P<0. 01). The content of Oleate in the MUFA was the highest( C18 ∶ 1). And the level of oleate in Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus crossbreed cattle( P<0.01). The expression level of SCD1 gene in longissimus dorsi of Shuxuan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus crossbreed cattle( P<0.05). It was consistent with the change of UFA in the muscle of three kinds of crossbreed cattle. The level of UFA in the longissimus dorsi of Shuxuan cattle and Bashan cattle was significantly higher than that of Angus cattle. It was consistent with the high level expression of SCD1. The results indicated that the SCD1 could be used as an impotant candidate gene for breeding and and evaluation of high quality beef cattle breeds.
引文
[1]WOOD J D,ENSER M,FISHER A V,et al.Fat deposition,fatty acid composition and meat quality:A review[J].Meat Sci,2008,78(4):343-358.
[2]PURCHAS R W,BURNHAM D L,MORRIS S T.Effects of growth potential and growth path on tenderness of beef longissimus muscle from bulls and steers[J].J Anim Sci,2002,80(12):3211-3221.
[3]陈香凝.黑毛和牛肌内前体脂肪细胞分化的基因表达与肌内脂肪性能的关联性研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.
[4]张伟敏,钟耕,王炜.单不饱和脂肪酸营养及其生理功能研究概况[J].粮食与油脂,2005(3):13-15.
[5]THOMSEN C,RASMUSSEN O,LOUSEN T,et al.Differential effects of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids on postprandial lipemia and incretin responses in healthy subjects[J].Am J Clin Nutr,1999,69(6):1135-1143.
[6]王红萍.肉类在人类食品营养中的重要作用[J].肉类研究,2010(8):9-11,66.
[7]CAMERON N D,ENSER M B.Fatty acid composition of lipid in longissimus dorsi muscle of Duroc and British Landrace pigs and its relationship with eating quality[J].Meat Sci,1991,29(4):295-307.
[8]JIANG Z,MICHAL J J,TOBEY D J,et al.Significant associations of stearoyl-Co A desaturase(SCD1)gene with fat deposition and composition in skeletal muscle[J].J Biol Sci,2008,4(6):345-351.
[9]PAQUETTE A,WANG D,JANKOWSKI M,GUTKOWSKA J,et al.Effects of ovariectomy on PPAR alpha,SREBP-1c,and SCD1gene expression in the rat liver[J].Menopause,2008,15:1169-1175.
[10]BOYLAN W J,BERGER Y M,ALLEN C E.Fatty acid composition of Finnsheep crossbred lamb carcasses[J].J Anim Sci,1976,42(6):1421-1426.
[11]侯丽,柴沙驼,刘书杰,等.青海牦牛肉与秦川牛肉氨基酸和脂肪酸的比较研究[J].肉类研究,2013(3):30-36.
[12]ZHANG S G,LIU T,BROWN M A,et al.Comparison of longissimus dorsi Fatty Acids Profiles in Gansu Black Yak and Chinese Yellow Cattle Steers and Heifers[J].Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour,2015,35(3):286.
[13]张明,刘婷,曾金焱,等.安西杂交一代牛肉脂肪酸组成及含量研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(5):1049-1056.
[14]WALDMAN R C,SUESS G G,BRUNGARDT V H.Fatty acids of certain bovine tissue and their association with growth,carcass and palatability traits[J].J Anim Sci,1968,27(3):632-635.
[15]TANIGUCHI M,UTSUGI T,OYAMA K,et al.Genotype of stearoyl-Co A desaturase is associated with fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle[J].Mamm Genome,2004,15(2):142-148.
[16]SMITH S B,LUNT D K,CHUNG K Y,et al.Adiposity,fatty acid composition and delta-9 desaturase activity during growth in beef cattle[J].Anim Sci,2006,77(5):478-486.
[17]HULVER M W,BERGGREN J R,CARPER M J.et al.Elevated stearoyl-Co A desaturase-1 expression in skeletal muscle contributes to abnormal fatty acid partitioning in obese humans[J].Cell Metab,2005,2(4):251-261.
[2]PURCHAS R W,BURNHAM D L,MORRIS S T.Effects of growth potential and growth path on tenderness of beef longissimus muscle from bulls and steers[J].J Anim Sci,2002,80(12):3211-3221.
[3]陈香凝.黑毛和牛肌内前体脂肪细胞分化的基因表达与肌内脂肪性能的关联性研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.
[4]张伟敏,钟耕,王炜.单不饱和脂肪酸营养及其生理功能研究概况[J].粮食与油脂,2005(3):13-15.
[5]THOMSEN C,RASMUSSEN O,LOUSEN T,et al.Differential effects of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids on postprandial lipemia and incretin responses in healthy subjects[J].Am J Clin Nutr,1999,69(6):1135-1143.
[6]王红萍.肉类在人类食品营养中的重要作用[J].肉类研究,2010(8):9-11,66.
[7]CAMERON N D,ENSER M B.Fatty acid composition of lipid in longissimus dorsi muscle of Duroc and British Landrace pigs and its relationship with eating quality[J].Meat Sci,1991,29(4):295-307.
[8]JIANG Z,MICHAL J J,TOBEY D J,et al.Significant associations of stearoyl-Co A desaturase(SCD1)gene with fat deposition and composition in skeletal muscle[J].J Biol Sci,2008,4(6):345-351.
[9]PAQUETTE A,WANG D,JANKOWSKI M,GUTKOWSKA J,et al.Effects of ovariectomy on PPAR alpha,SREBP-1c,and SCD1gene expression in the rat liver[J].Menopause,2008,15:1169-1175.
[10]BOYLAN W J,BERGER Y M,ALLEN C E.Fatty acid composition of Finnsheep crossbred lamb carcasses[J].J Anim Sci,1976,42(6):1421-1426.
[11]侯丽,柴沙驼,刘书杰,等.青海牦牛肉与秦川牛肉氨基酸和脂肪酸的比较研究[J].肉类研究,2013(3):30-36.
[12]ZHANG S G,LIU T,BROWN M A,et al.Comparison of longissimus dorsi Fatty Acids Profiles in Gansu Black Yak and Chinese Yellow Cattle Steers and Heifers[J].Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour,2015,35(3):286.
[13]张明,刘婷,曾金焱,等.安西杂交一代牛肉脂肪酸组成及含量研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(5):1049-1056.
[14]WALDMAN R C,SUESS G G,BRUNGARDT V H.Fatty acids of certain bovine tissue and their association with growth,carcass and palatability traits[J].J Anim Sci,1968,27(3):632-635.
[15]TANIGUCHI M,UTSUGI T,OYAMA K,et al.Genotype of stearoyl-Co A desaturase is associated with fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle[J].Mamm Genome,2004,15(2):142-148.
[16]SMITH S B,LUNT D K,CHUNG K Y,et al.Adiposity,fatty acid composition and delta-9 desaturase activity during growth in beef cattle[J].Anim Sci,2006,77(5):478-486.
[17]HULVER M W,BERGGREN J R,CARPER M J.et al.Elevated stearoyl-Co A desaturase-1 expression in skeletal muscle contributes to abnormal fatty acid partitioning in obese humans[J].Cell Metab,2005,2(4):251-261.