黑毛和牛与西门塔尔牛杂交后代育肥试验研究
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摘要
本试验旨在研究青海省利用日本黑毛和牛杂交改良当地西门塔尔牛所产后代(和西杂F1)的育肥、屠宰性状和肉质品质,评估其改良效果。试验选用和西杂F1公牛为研究对象,于当地进行饲养育肥至30月龄,分析其屠宰、胴体和肉质性状。结果表明,F1杂交育肥牛屠宰率为59.90%、净肉率为50.25%、胴体高档肉块重42.4kg,胴体高档肉块产肉率为12.26%、胴体优质肉块重115.0kg,胴体优质肉块产肉率为33.25%。眼肌肉色等级4.0分、大理石花纹6.0分、系水力62.15%。试验牛肉的营养成分分析中必需氨基酸含量及必需脂肪酸含量分别为31.84%和5.14%。综合分析后认为和西杂交牛在青海省育肥效果良好,肉质营养水平有待提高,在当地具有广阔的推广前景。
The purpose of this experiment was to study the fattening,slaughtering traits and meat quality of F1 generation of Simmental and Black Wagyu(WB x Simhybrid)in Qinghai Province.In this study,three sub-generation hybrid bull,which were farrowed by Simmental cows and frozen seme of Black Wagyu,fattened to 30 months of age in the local.And they were used for research,including analyzing their slaughter,carcass and meat quality traits.According to results,in F1 hybrid fattening cattle,the slaughter rate,net meat rate,high-grade meat carcass meat production rate were 50.90%,50.25%and 12.26%,respectively.High-grade meat carcass weight was 42.4 kg,and carcass weight of high quality meat was 115.0 kg,and the carcass quality meat meat production rate was 33.25%.The eye color grade was 4.0 points with marble 6.0,water hydraulic 62.15%.Based on analysis of nutritional components of beef,the content of essential amino acids and essential fatty acid were 31.84% and 5.14%,respectively.After comprehensive analysis,it was considered that the western hybrid cattle had a good fattening effect in Qinghai Province,and the meat nutrition level needs to be improved.
The purpose of this experiment was to study the fattening,slaughtering traits and meat quality of F1 generation of Simmental and Black Wagyu(WB x Simhybrid)in Qinghai Province.In this study,three sub-generation hybrid bull,which were farrowed by Simmental cows and frozen seme of Black Wagyu,fattened to 30 months of age in the local.And they were used for research,including analyzing their slaughter,carcass and meat quality traits.According to results,in F1 hybrid fattening cattle,the slaughter rate,net meat rate,high-grade meat carcass meat production rate were 50.90%,50.25%and 12.26%,respectively.High-grade meat carcass weight was 42.4 kg,and carcass weight of high quality meat was 115.0 kg,and the carcass quality meat meat production rate was 33.25%.The eye color grade was 4.0 points with marble 6.0,water hydraulic 62.15%.Based on analysis of nutritional components of beef,the content of essential amino acids and essential fatty acid were 31.84% and 5.14%,respectively.After comprehensive analysis,it was considered that the western hybrid cattle had a good fattening effect in Qinghai Province,and the meat nutrition level needs to be improved.
引文
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[14]李聚才,刘自新,王川,梅宁安,马小明.不同杂交育肥牛背最长肌氨基酸含量分析研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013,(07):56-59.
[15]滑留帅,陈宏,杨奇,杨晓冰,张国坪,王统一,刘燕,宋保童.固原地区秦川牛及其利杂群体屠宰性能的研究[J].中国牛业科学,2008,(05):1-4.
[2]蒋洪茂.优质牛肉生产技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:3-5.
[3]Lunt D K,Riley R P,Smith S B.Growth and carcass characteristics of Angus and American Wagyu steers[J].Meat Sic.,1993,4(11):224-327.
[4]昝林森.牛生产学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007,8.
[5]王小梅,敖日格乐,王纯洁,曹芝,孙和涛.内蒙古地区不同品种肉牛胴体产肉性能的比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2012(06):65-66.
[6]李义书等.日本和牛与雷琼牛杂交育肥试验研究[J].家畜生态学报,2013,(11):24-28.
[7]刘基伟,胡成华,吴健,张国梁.三种杂交牛产肉性能研究[J].中国牛业科学,2007,(05):24-27.
[8]刘文生,旭日干,扎鲁达,张锁链.黑毛和牛在内蒙古呼和浩特地区的繁育[J].黄牛杂志,2004,(04):13-14+69.
[9]来得财,马黎明.青海牦牛与其他肉牛产肉性能及肉的食用品质对比分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2012,(04):70-71.
[10]祁维寿,金议超.青海省肉牛杂交改良试验[J].养殖与饲料,2011,(2):11-13.
[11]李志才,肖兵南,张佰忠,彭荣富,马美湖.西门塔尔牛、短角牛与湘西黄牛杂交牛的屠宰试验[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2005,(05):15-17.
[12]郝立建,高飞.高档大理石花纹牛肉生产技术要领[J].饲料博览,2014,(4):54-55.
[13]胡成华,牟忠生,赵玉民,刘基伟,吴健,李旭,秦立红,王蕾,张国梁.不同肉牛品种杂交西门塔尔杂种牛肉质营养比较研究[J].吉林农业科学,2012,37(06):47-50.
[14]李聚才,刘自新,王川,梅宁安,马小明.不同杂交育肥牛背最长肌氨基酸含量分析研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2013,(07):56-59.
[15]滑留帅,陈宏,杨奇,杨晓冰,张国坪,王统一,刘燕,宋保童.固原地区秦川牛及其利杂群体屠宰性能的研究[J].中国牛业科学,2008,(05):1-4.