基于D触发器的物理不可克隆函数
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摘要
物理不可克隆函数(PUF)是指利用半导体制造工艺中不可避免的固有偏差,产生具有独特性和稳定性的响应结果,使集成电路芯片具有不可克隆的特性。提出了一种新型的基于D触发器的物理不可克隆函数。利用D触发器建立的时间随机分布函数产生PUF激励输出响应,并通过D触发器对的差分结构提高输出结果的准确性。实验结果显示,此PUF的性能近乎理想。与主流PUF相比,基于D触发器的PUF明显增强了设计的唯一性。
The physical unclonable function(PUF) takes advantage of the inherent biases in semiconductor fabrication processes to produce unique and stable response results,which produces integrated circuit chips non-clonable safety.A new structure of D flip-flop based PUF is presented.This PUF takes advantage of the random distribution of D flipflops' setup time to generate PUF responses.And,the differential approach of D flip-flops pairs is proposed to improve the accuracy of PUF.According to the statistic results,several near-ideal characteristics of this kind of PUF are disclosed.Compared with mainstream PUFs,D flip-flop based PUF obviously improves the uniqueness of PUF designs.
The physical unclonable function(PUF) takes advantage of the inherent biases in semiconductor fabrication processes to produce unique and stable response results,which produces integrated circuit chips non-clonable safety.A new structure of D flip-flop based PUF is presented.This PUF takes advantage of the random distribution of D flipflops' setup time to generate PUF responses.And,the differential approach of D flip-flops pairs is proposed to improve the accuracy of PUF.According to the statistic results,several near-ideal characteristics of this kind of PUF are disclosed.Compared with mainstream PUFs,D flip-flop based PUF obviously improves the uniqueness of PUF designs.
引文
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[2]ANDERSON J H.A PUF design for secure FPGA-based embedded systems[C]//Design Automation Conference(ASP-DAC),2010 15th Asia and South Pacific.Taipei:IEEE,2010:2-5.DOI:10.1109/ASPDAC.2010.5419927
[3]BHARGAVA M,CAKIR C,MAI K.Attack resistant sense amplifier based PUFs(SA-PUF)with deterministic and controllable reliability of PUF responses[C]//2010IEEE International Symposium on Hardwareoriented and Trust(HOST).Anaheim:IEEE,2010:106-111.DOI:10.1109/HST.2010.5513106
[4]BOLOTNYY L,ROBINS G.Physically unclonable function-based security and privacy in RFID systems[C]//Fifth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications,2007.White Plai:IEEE,2007:211-220.DOI:10.1109/PERCOM.2007.26
[5]TUYLS P,SKORIC B,STALLINGA S,et al.An information theoretic model for physical uncloneable functions[C]//International Symposium on Information Theory,2004.Chocago:IEEE,2004:139.DOI:10.1109/ISIT.2004.1365176
[6]B?HM C,HOFER M.Physical Unclonable Functions in Theory and Practice[M].New York:Springer,2013:3-7.
[7]HERDER C,YU M D,KOUSHANFAR F,et al.Physical unclonable functions and applications:Atutorial[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2014,102(8):1126-1141.DOI:10.1109/JPROC.2014.2320516
[8]ZHANG P Y,FENG C H,WWANG H Y.On-chip picosecond resolution timing measurement using time amplifier[J].Electronics Letters,2015,51(18):1416-1418.DOI:10.1049/el.2015.1202
[9]MOROZOV S,MAITI A,SCHAUMONT P.AComparative Analysis of Delay Based PUFImplementations on FPGA[M].Berlin:Springer,2010:382-387.DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-12133-3_37
[10]LEE J W,LIM D,GASSEND B,et al.A technique to build a secret key in integrated circuits for identification and authentication applications[C]//IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits:Digest of Technical Papers.Honolulu:IEEE,2004:176-179.DOI:10.1109/VLSIC.2004.1346548
[11]GASSEND B,CLARKE D,DIJK M V,et al.Silicon physical random functions[C]//Proceedings of the 9th ACM conference on Computer and Communications Security.NewYork:ACM,2002:148-160.DOI:10.1145/586110.586132
[12]AYAT M,ATANI R E,MIRZAKUCHAKI S.On design of PUF-Based random number generators[J].International Journal of Network Security&Its Applications,2011,3(3):30-40.DOI:10.5121/ijnsa.2011.3303
[13]HARRIS D,HARRIS S L.Digital Design and Computer Architecture[M].San Francisco:Morgan Kaufmann,2012.
[14]CHANEY T J,MOLNAR C E.Anomalous behavior of synchronizer and arbiter circuits[J].IEEETransactions on Computers,1973,C-22(4):421-422.DOI:10.1109/T-C.1973.223730
[15]TAKAMIYA M,MIZUNO M,NAKAMURA K.An on-chip 100 GHz-sampling rate 8-channel sampling oscilloscope with embedded sampling clock generator[C]//2002 IEEE International.SolidState Circuits Conference.San Francisco:IEEE,2002:182-458.DOI:10.1109/ISSCC.2002.992183
[16]MAITI A,GUNREDDY V,SCHAUMONT P.Asystematic method to evaluate and compare the performance of physical unclonable functions[C]//Embedded Systems Design with FPGAs,NewYork:Springer,2012:245-267.DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-1362-2_11