Development of a model to simulate soil heavy metals lateral migration quantity based on SWAT in Huanjiang watershed,China
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摘要
Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km~2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.
Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km~2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.
Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km~2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.
引文
Aouissi,J.,Benabdallah,S.,Chabaane,Z.L.,Cudennec,C.,2013.Sensitivity analysis of SWAT model to the spatial rainfall distribution and watershed subdivision in streamflow simulations in the Mediterranean context:a case study in the Joumine watershed.Tunisia.Modeling,Simulation and Applied Optimization(ICMSAO),2013 5th International Conference.IEEE Computer Society,Washington,D.C.,pp.1-6.
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Arnold,J.G.,Srinivasan,R.,Muttiah,R.S.,Williams,J.R.,1998.Large area hydrologic modeling and assessment.Part I:model development.J.Am.Water Resour.Assoc.34,73-89.
Bilaletdin,A.,Lepisto,A.,Finer,L.,Forsius,M.,Holmberg,M.,Kamari,J.,et al.,2001.A regional GIS-based model to predict long-term responses of soil and soil water chemistry to atmospheric deposition:Initial results.Water Air Soil Pollut.131,275-303.
Bingner,R.L.,Garbrecht,J.,Arnold,J.G.,Srinivasan,R.,1997.Effect of watershed subdivision on simulation runoff and fine sediment yield.Trans.ASAE 40,1329-1335.
Blake,W.H.,Walsh,R.P.D.,Barnsley,M.J.,Palmer,G.,Dyrynda,P.,James,J.G.,2003.Heavy metal concentrations during storm events in a rehabilitated industrialized catchment.Hydrol.Process.17,1923-1939.
Bradl,H.B.,2004.Adsorption of heavy metal ions on soils and soils constituents.J.Colloid Interface Sci.277,1-18.
Brazauskiene,D.M.,Paulauskas,V.,Sabiene,N.,2008.Speciation of Zn,Cu,and Pb in the soil depending on soil texture and fertilization with sewage sludge compost.J.Soils Sediments 8,184-192.
Carter,J.,Walling,D.E.,Owens,P.N.,Leeks,G.J.L.,2006.Spatial and temporal variability in the concentration and speciation of metals in suspended sediment transported by the river aire,Yorkshire,UK.Hydrol.Process.20,3007-3027.
Chen,Y.G.,Ye,W.M.,Yang,X.M.,Deng,F.Y.,He,Y.,2011.Effect of contact time,p H,and ionic strength on Cd(II)adsorption from aqueous solution onto bentonite from Gaomiaozi,China.Environ.Earth Sci.64,329-336.
Cho,J.,Lowrance,R.R.,Bosch,D.D.,Strickland,T.C.,Her,Y.,Vellidis,G.,2010.Effect of watershed subdivision and filter width on swat simulation of a coastal plain watershed1.J.Am.Water Resour.Assoc.46,586-602.
De Siervi,M.,Iorio,A.F.,Chagas,C.I.,2005.Heavy metals in sediments and runoff waters in soils of the Matanza river basin,Argentina.Commun.Soil Sci.Plant 36,2303-2314.
Delaune,P.B.,Moore,P.A.,2014.Factors affecting arsenic and copper runoff from fields fertilized with poultry litter.J.Environ.Qual.43,1417-1423.
Dousari,A.,Mabkhout,M.,Garrouch,A.A.,Guedouar,L.H.,2009.Analysis of the convective dispersive transport in porous media.J.Pet.Sci.Eng.66,15-23.
Dragovic,S.,Mihailovic,N.,Gajic,B.,2008.Heavy metals in soils:distribution,relationship with soil characteristics and radionuclides and multivariate assessment of contamination sources.Chemosphere 72,491-495.
Dube,A.,Zbytniewski,R.,Kowalkowski,T.,Cukrowska,E.,Buszewski,B.,2001.Adsorption and migration of heavy metals in soil.Pol.J.Environ.Stud.10,1-10.
Falamaki,A.,2013.Artificial neural network application for predicting soil distribution coefficient of nickel.J.Environ.Radioact.115,6-12.
Fang,S.B.,Jia,X.B.,Yang,X.Y.,Li,Y.D.,An,S.Q.,2012.A method of identifying priority spatial patterns for the management of potential ecological risks posed by heavy metals.J.Hazard.Mater.237-238,290-298.
Femandez,T.J.L.,Acenolaza,P.,Medina,M.E.,2001.Assessment of a smelter impact area using surface soils and plants.Environ.Geochem.Health 23,65-78.
Fitzhugh,T.W.,MacKay,D.S.,2000.Impacts of input parameter spatial aggregation on an agricultural nonpoint source pollution model.J.Hydrol.236,35-53.
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Gleyzes,C.,Tellier,S.,Astruc,M.,2002.Fractionation studies of trace elements in contaminated soils and sediments:a review of sequential extraction procedures.TrAC Trends Anal.Chem.21,451-467.
Gong,Y.,Shen,Z.,Liu,R.,Wang,X.,Chen,T.,2010.Effect of watershed subdivision on swat modeling with consideration of parameter uncertainty.J.Hydrol.Eng.15,1070-1074.
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Hamed,O.A.,Al-Washmi,H.A.,Al-Otaibi,H.A.,2006.Thermoeconomic analysis of a power/water cogeneration plant.Energy 31,2699-2709.
Hammou,H.,Ginzburg,I.,Boulerhcha,M.,2011.Two-relaxation-times lattice Boltzmann schemes for solute transport in unsaturated water flow,with a focus on stability.Adv.Water Resour.34,779-793.
Han,J.C.,Huang,G.H.,Zhang,H.,Li,Z.,Li,Y.P.,2014.Effects of watershed subdivision level on semi-distributed hydrological simulations:case study of the slurp model applied to the Xiangxi river watershed,China.Hydrol.Sci.J.59,108-125.
Harter,T.,Yeh,T.C.J.,1998.Flow in unsaturated random porous media,nonlinear numerical analysis and comparison to analytical stochastic models.Adv.Water Resour.22,257-272.
Hemen,S.,2011.Metal hyperaccumulation in plants:a review focusing on phytoremediation technology.Int.J.Environ.Sci.Technol.4,118-138.
Hernandez,L.,Probst,A.,Probst,J.L.,Ulrich,E.,2003.Heavy metal distribution in some French forest soils:evidence for atmospheric contamination.Sci.Total Environ.312,195-219.
Huang,Z.,Ouyang,Z.,Li,F.,Zheng,H.,Wang,X.,2010.Response of runoff and soil loss to reforestation and rainfall type in red soil region of southern China.J.Environ.Sci.China 22,1765-1773.
Jha,M.,Gassman,P.W.,Secchi,S.,Gu,R.,Arnold,J.,2004.Effect of watershed subdivision on swat flow,sediment,and nutrient predictions.J.Am.Water Resour.Assoc.40,811-825.
John,N.Q.,John,A.C.,2007.Enrichment of heavy metals in sediment resulting from soil erosion on agricultural field.Environ.Sci.Technol.41,3495-3500.
Kamran,H.H.,Rafie,M.,Moradkhani,D.,Sedaghat,B.,Abdollahzadeh,A.,2015.Modeling on transition of heavy metals from Ni-Cd zinc plant residue using artificial neural network.Trans.Indian Inst.Met.68,741-756.
Kayhanian,M.,Suverkropp,C.,Ruby,A.,Tsay,K.,2007.Characterization and prediction of highway runoff constituent event mean concentration.J.Environ.Manag.85,279-295.
Keller,A.,Schulin,R.,2003.Modelling heavy metal and phosphorus balances for farming systems.Nutr.Cycl.Agroecosys.66,271-284.
Keller,A.,Steiger,B.V.,Van der Zee,S.E.A.T.M.,Schulin,R.,2001.Astochastic empirical model for regional heavy-metal balances in agro ecosystems.J.Environ.Qual.30,1976-1989.
Kraus,U.,Wiegand,J.,2006.Long-term effects of the Aznalcóllar mine spill-heavy metal content and mobility in soils and sediments of the Guadiamar river valley(sw Spain).Sci.Total Environ.367,855-871.
Krause,P.,Boyle,D.P.,B?se,F.,2005.Comparison of different efficiency criteria for hydrological model assessment.Adv.Geosci.5,89-97.
Legret,M.,Colandini,V.,1999.Effects of a porous pavement with reservoir structure on runoff water:water quality and fate of heavy metals.Water Sci.Technol.39,111-117.
Li,W.,2015.Spatiotemporal classification analysis of long-term environmental monitoring data in the northern part of lake Taihu,China by using a self-organizing map.J.Environ.Inf.26,71-79.
Liebens,J.,2001.Heavy metal contamination of sediments in stormwater management systems:the effect of land use,particle size and age.Environ.Geol.41,341-351.
Lin,Z.,Schneider,A.,Sterckeman,T.,Nguyen,C.,2015.Ranking of mechanisms governing the phytoavailability of cadmium in agricultural soils using a mechanistic model.Plant Soil 399,89-107.
Mlayah,A.,Ferreira Da Silva,E.,Rocha,F.,Hamza,C.B.,Charef,A.,Noronha,F.,2009.The oued mellègue:mining activity,stream sediments and dispersion of base metals in natural environments,north-western Tunisia.J.Geochem.Explor.102,27-36.
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Arnold,J.G.,Srinivasan,R.,Muttiah,R.S.,Williams,J.R.,1998.Large area hydrologic modeling and assessment.Part I:model development.J.Am.Water Resour.Assoc.34,73-89.
Bilaletdin,A.,Lepisto,A.,Finer,L.,Forsius,M.,Holmberg,M.,Kamari,J.,et al.,2001.A regional GIS-based model to predict long-term responses of soil and soil water chemistry to atmospheric deposition:Initial results.Water Air Soil Pollut.131,275-303.
Bingner,R.L.,Garbrecht,J.,Arnold,J.G.,Srinivasan,R.,1997.Effect of watershed subdivision on simulation runoff and fine sediment yield.Trans.ASAE 40,1329-1335.
Blake,W.H.,Walsh,R.P.D.,Barnsley,M.J.,Palmer,G.,Dyrynda,P.,James,J.G.,2003.Heavy metal concentrations during storm events in a rehabilitated industrialized catchment.Hydrol.Process.17,1923-1939.
Bradl,H.B.,2004.Adsorption of heavy metal ions on soils and soils constituents.J.Colloid Interface Sci.277,1-18.
Brazauskiene,D.M.,Paulauskas,V.,Sabiene,N.,2008.Speciation of Zn,Cu,and Pb in the soil depending on soil texture and fertilization with sewage sludge compost.J.Soils Sediments 8,184-192.
Carter,J.,Walling,D.E.,Owens,P.N.,Leeks,G.J.L.,2006.Spatial and temporal variability in the concentration and speciation of metals in suspended sediment transported by the river aire,Yorkshire,UK.Hydrol.Process.20,3007-3027.
Chen,Y.G.,Ye,W.M.,Yang,X.M.,Deng,F.Y.,He,Y.,2011.Effect of contact time,p H,and ionic strength on Cd(II)adsorption from aqueous solution onto bentonite from Gaomiaozi,China.Environ.Earth Sci.64,329-336.
Cho,J.,Lowrance,R.R.,Bosch,D.D.,Strickland,T.C.,Her,Y.,Vellidis,G.,2010.Effect of watershed subdivision and filter width on swat simulation of a coastal plain watershed1.J.Am.Water Resour.Assoc.46,586-602.
De Siervi,M.,Iorio,A.F.,Chagas,C.I.,2005.Heavy metals in sediments and runoff waters in soils of the Matanza river basin,Argentina.Commun.Soil Sci.Plant 36,2303-2314.
Delaune,P.B.,Moore,P.A.,2014.Factors affecting arsenic and copper runoff from fields fertilized with poultry litter.J.Environ.Qual.43,1417-1423.
Dousari,A.,Mabkhout,M.,Garrouch,A.A.,Guedouar,L.H.,2009.Analysis of the convective dispersive transport in porous media.J.Pet.Sci.Eng.66,15-23.
Dragovic,S.,Mihailovic,N.,Gajic,B.,2008.Heavy metals in soils:distribution,relationship with soil characteristics and radionuclides and multivariate assessment of contamination sources.Chemosphere 72,491-495.
Dube,A.,Zbytniewski,R.,Kowalkowski,T.,Cukrowska,E.,Buszewski,B.,2001.Adsorption and migration of heavy metals in soil.Pol.J.Environ.Stud.10,1-10.
Falamaki,A.,2013.Artificial neural network application for predicting soil distribution coefficient of nickel.J.Environ.Radioact.115,6-12.
Fang,S.B.,Jia,X.B.,Yang,X.Y.,Li,Y.D.,An,S.Q.,2012.A method of identifying priority spatial patterns for the management of potential ecological risks posed by heavy metals.J.Hazard.Mater.237-238,290-298.
Femandez,T.J.L.,Acenolaza,P.,Medina,M.E.,2001.Assessment of a smelter impact area using surface soils and plants.Environ.Geochem.Health 23,65-78.
Fitzhugh,T.W.,MacKay,D.S.,2000.Impacts of input parameter spatial aggregation on an agricultural nonpoint source pollution model.J.Hydrol.236,35-53.
Foster,I.D.L.,Charlesworth,S.M.,1996.Heavy metals in the hydrological cycle:trends and explanation.Hydrol.Process.10,227-261.
Fox,D.M.,Bryan,R.B.,2000.The relationship of soil loss by interrill erosion to slope gradient.Catena 38,211-222.
Frink,C.R.,1991.Estimating nutrient exports to estuaries.J.Environ.Qual.20,717-724.
Gleyzes,C.,Tellier,S.,Astruc,M.,2002.Fractionation studies of trace elements in contaminated soils and sediments:a review of sequential extraction procedures.TrAC Trends Anal.Chem.21,451-467.
Gong,Y.,Shen,Z.,Liu,R.,Wang,X.,Chen,T.,2010.Effect of watershed subdivision on swat modeling with consideration of parameter uncertainty.J.Hydrol.Eng.15,1070-1074.
Goodrich,D.C.,1992.An overview of the usda-ars climate change and hydrology program and analysis of model complexity as a function of basin scale.Proceedings of A Workshop:Effects of Global Climate Change on Hydrology and Water Resources at Catchment Scale,Tsukuba,Japan,pp.233-242.
Hamed,O.A.,Al-Washmi,H.A.,Al-Otaibi,H.A.,2006.Thermoeconomic analysis of a power/water cogeneration plant.Energy 31,2699-2709.
Hammou,H.,Ginzburg,I.,Boulerhcha,M.,2011.Two-relaxation-times lattice Boltzmann schemes for solute transport in unsaturated water flow,with a focus on stability.Adv.Water Resour.34,779-793.
Han,J.C.,Huang,G.H.,Zhang,H.,Li,Z.,Li,Y.P.,2014.Effects of watershed subdivision level on semi-distributed hydrological simulations:case study of the slurp model applied to the Xiangxi river watershed,China.Hydrol.Sci.J.59,108-125.
Harter,T.,Yeh,T.C.J.,1998.Flow in unsaturated random porous media,nonlinear numerical analysis and comparison to analytical stochastic models.Adv.Water Resour.22,257-272.
Hemen,S.,2011.Metal hyperaccumulation in plants:a review focusing on phytoremediation technology.Int.J.Environ.Sci.Technol.4,118-138.
Hernandez,L.,Probst,A.,Probst,J.L.,Ulrich,E.,2003.Heavy metal distribution in some French forest soils:evidence for atmospheric contamination.Sci.Total Environ.312,195-219.
Huang,Z.,Ouyang,Z.,Li,F.,Zheng,H.,Wang,X.,2010.Response of runoff and soil loss to reforestation and rainfall type in red soil region of southern China.J.Environ.Sci.China 22,1765-1773.
Jha,M.,Gassman,P.W.,Secchi,S.,Gu,R.,Arnold,J.,2004.Effect of watershed subdivision on swat flow,sediment,and nutrient predictions.J.Am.Water Resour.Assoc.40,811-825.
John,N.Q.,John,A.C.,2007.Enrichment of heavy metals in sediment resulting from soil erosion on agricultural field.Environ.Sci.Technol.41,3495-3500.
Kamran,H.H.,Rafie,M.,Moradkhani,D.,Sedaghat,B.,Abdollahzadeh,A.,2015.Modeling on transition of heavy metals from Ni-Cd zinc plant residue using artificial neural network.Trans.Indian Inst.Met.68,741-756.
Kayhanian,M.,Suverkropp,C.,Ruby,A.,Tsay,K.,2007.Characterization and prediction of highway runoff constituent event mean concentration.J.Environ.Manag.85,279-295.
Keller,A.,Schulin,R.,2003.Modelling heavy metal and phosphorus balances for farming systems.Nutr.Cycl.Agroecosys.66,271-284.
Keller,A.,Steiger,B.V.,Van der Zee,S.E.A.T.M.,Schulin,R.,2001.Astochastic empirical model for regional heavy-metal balances in agro ecosystems.J.Environ.Qual.30,1976-1989.
Kraus,U.,Wiegand,J.,2006.Long-term effects of the Aznalcóllar mine spill-heavy metal content and mobility in soils and sediments of the Guadiamar river valley(sw Spain).Sci.Total Environ.367,855-871.
Krause,P.,Boyle,D.P.,B?se,F.,2005.Comparison of different efficiency criteria for hydrological model assessment.Adv.Geosci.5,89-97.
Legret,M.,Colandini,V.,1999.Effects of a porous pavement with reservoir structure on runoff water:water quality and fate of heavy metals.Water Sci.Technol.39,111-117.
Li,W.,2015.Spatiotemporal classification analysis of long-term environmental monitoring data in the northern part of lake Taihu,China by using a self-organizing map.J.Environ.Inf.26,71-79.
Liebens,J.,2001.Heavy metal contamination of sediments in stormwater management systems:the effect of land use,particle size and age.Environ.Geol.41,341-351.
Lin,Z.,Schneider,A.,Sterckeman,T.,Nguyen,C.,2015.Ranking of mechanisms governing the phytoavailability of cadmium in agricultural soils using a mechanistic model.Plant Soil 399,89-107.
Mlayah,A.,Ferreira Da Silva,E.,Rocha,F.,Hamza,C.B.,Charef,A.,Noronha,F.,2009.The oued mellègue:mining activity,stream sediments and dispersion of base metals in natural environments,north-western Tunisia.J.Geochem.Explor.102,27-36.
Moriasi,D.N.,Arnold,J.G.,Van Liew,M.W.,Bingner,R.L.,Harmel,R.D.,Veith,T.L.,2007.Model evaluation guidelines for systematic quantification of accuracy in wantershed simulation.Trans.ASABE 50,885-900.
Neitsch,S.L.,Arnold,J.G.,Kiniry,J.R.,2009.Soil and water assessment tool theoretical documentation version 2009.Temple,texas:black land research center,texas agricultural experiment station.Gswrl Report 02-01,Brc Report 02-05,Twri Report Tr-191.
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