天然气中丁烷地球化学特征及应用
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摘要
在分析内因(有机质类型、有机质成熟度)与外因(生物降解、运移)对天然气中丁烷地球化学特征影响的基础上,探讨了丁烷在天然气研究中的应用。首先明确了内因、外因对丁烷地球化学特征的影响:腐殖型有机质生成的煤型气iC_4/nC_4值、δ~(13)C_4值均高于腐泥型有机质生成的油型气;iC_4/nC_4值随成熟度增加而降低,且在成熟阶段快速降低、进入高成熟阶段后缓慢降低;微生物降解会使得天然气中iC_4/nC_4值增大,且降解作用越强iC_4/nC_4值越大。而目前有关运移是否会影响iC_4/nC_4值及如何影响iC_4/nC_4值还存在较大争议。发现丁烷在天然气生物降解、天然气成因、天然气成熟度等研究中都有较好的应用:iC_4/nC_4值能有效判识天然气是否发生生物降解,生物降解气iC_4/nC_4值大于2、普遍大于3,iC_4/nC_4值大于3可以判定天然气发生生物降解,未降解气iC_4/nC_4值小于3、普遍小于2,iC_4/nC_4值小于2可以判定天然气未发生生物降解;iC_4/nC_4值、δ~(13)C_4值均能有效判识受外因影响较小天然气的成因,其判别标准分别为油型气iC_4/nC_4值小于0.8、煤型气iC_4/nC_4值大于0.8与油型气δ~(13)C_4值小于-26‰、煤型气δ~(13)C_4值大于-26‰;iC_4/nC_4值对天然气成熟度判识也有重要作用。iC_4/nC_4值示踪天然气运移存在多解性,其有效性也明显不如其他指标,应慎重选择其示踪天然气运移。
Based on comprehensive analysis of internal factors(i.e.,organic matter type and organic matter maturity) and external factor(i.e.,biodegradation and migration) on characteristics of butane,the application of geochemical characteristics of butane was studied.The paper cleared the effects of internal factors on characteristics of butane.The coal type gas derived from humic organic matters, "which had the higher iC_4/nC_4 ratio and δ~(13) C_4 value than the oil type gas from sapropellic organic matters.The iC_4/nC_4 ratio decreased with the increase of maturity,and it decreased quickly at the mature stage and slowly at the highmature stage.The iC_4/nC_4 ratio would increase as the biodegradation increases,and the stronger the biodegradation,the higher the iC_4/nC_4 ratio.Whether the migration would affect the iC_4/nC_4 ratio and how it affects,both are uncertain.It is found that the butane can provide information about the biodegradation,genesis and maturity of natural gas.The iC_4/nC_4 ratio can be used to effectively determine the gas is biodegraded or normal.The iC_4/nC_4 ratios of biodegraded gas were higher than 2 and most of them were higher than 3.If the iC_4/nC_4 ratio is higher than 3,the natural gas is biodegraded gas.The iC_4/nC_4 ratios of normal gas were lower than 3 and most of them were lower than 3,if the iC_4/nC_4 ratio is lower than 2,the natural gas is normal gas.For the gas suffered less influence by external factor,the oil type " which has iC_4/nC_4 ratios lower than 0.8 and δ~(13) C_4 value lower than-26‰,the coal type gas which has iC_4/nC_4 ratios higher than 0.8 and δ~(13) C_4 value higher than-26‰.The iC_4/nC_4 ratios can help analyze the maturity of natural gas.For the iC_4/nC_4 as trace index,there are still more controversial and poor effectiveness,and should be carefully to choose it for tracing migration.
Based on comprehensive analysis of internal factors(i.e.,organic matter type and organic matter maturity) and external factor(i.e.,biodegradation and migration) on characteristics of butane,the application of geochemical characteristics of butane was studied.The paper cleared the effects of internal factors on characteristics of butane.The coal type gas derived from humic organic matters, "which had the higher iC_4/nC_4 ratio and δ~(13) C_4 value than the oil type gas from sapropellic organic matters.The iC_4/nC_4 ratio decreased with the increase of maturity,and it decreased quickly at the mature stage and slowly at the highmature stage.The iC_4/nC_4 ratio would increase as the biodegradation increases,and the stronger the biodegradation,the higher the iC_4/nC_4 ratio.Whether the migration would affect the iC_4/nC_4 ratio and how it affects,both are uncertain.It is found that the butane can provide information about the biodegradation,genesis and maturity of natural gas.The iC_4/nC_4 ratio can be used to effectively determine the gas is biodegraded or normal.The iC_4/nC_4 ratios of biodegraded gas were higher than 2 and most of them were higher than 3.If the iC_4/nC_4 ratio is higher than 3,the natural gas is biodegraded gas.The iC_4/nC_4 ratios of normal gas were lower than 3 and most of them were lower than 3,if the iC_4/nC_4 ratio is lower than 2,the natural gas is normal gas.For the gas suffered less influence by external factor,the oil type " which has iC_4/nC_4 ratios lower than 0.8 and δ~(13) C_4 value lower than-26‰,the coal type gas which has iC_4/nC_4 ratios higher than 0.8 and δ~(13) C_4 value higher than-26‰.The iC_4/nC_4 ratios can help analyze the maturity of natural gas.For the iC_4/nC_4 as trace index,there are still more controversial and poor effectiveness,and should be carefully to choose it for tracing migration.
引文
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