崇明东滩盐沼表层沉积物有机碳空间分布特征及其来源示踪研究
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摘要
沉积物有机碳空间分布特征及其来源是盐沼碳循环研究的一个关键问题。该研究分析了长江口崇明东滩盐沼表层沉积物样品总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)和稳定碳同位素(δ13C)等参数。研究表明:东滩表层沉积物TOC和TN的平均值分别为7. 70±3. 74和0. 74±0. 32 g/kg,两者均表现为自北向南减少的分布趋势。沉积物δ13C平均值为-25. 05±1. 21‰,三元混合模型模拟计算结果表明东滩沉积物有机碳主要来源于悬浮颗粒物(43. 53±22. 44%)和植被(43. 29±24. 82%),底栖微藻贡献率较低(13. 20±8. 40%)。东滩北部沉积物表现为高悬沙贡献-低植被贡献-高有机碳含量特征,中南部表现高植被贡献-低悬沙贡献-低有机碳含量的特点。
The spatial distribution characteristics and sources of organic carbon in sediments are a key issue in the study of salt marsh carbon cycling. The study analyzed the parameters of total organic carbon( TOC),total nitrogen( TN) and stable carbon isotope( δ13C) in the surface sediment samples of the Chongming Dongtan salt marsh in the Yangtze River estuary. The results showed that the average TOC and TN in surface sediments in Dongtan were 7. 70 ± 3. 74 g/kg and 0. 74 ± 0. 32 g/kg respectively. Both showed a decreasing trend from the northern part of the salt marsh to the south of the salt marsh in content. The average value of sediment δ13C was-25. 05 ± 1. 21‰. The simulation results of the three end-member mixing equations showed that the organic carbon in Dongtan sediments was mainly derived from suspended particles( 43. 53 ± 22. 44%) and vegetation( 43. 29 ± 24. 82%). The contribution rate of microalgae is lower( 13. 20 ± 8. 40%). The sediments in the northern part of Dongtan are characterized by high organic carbon content,in which the contribution of suspended particulate matter is high and the contribution of vegetation is low. In the middle and south,the content of organic carbon is low,the contribution of suspended particulates is low and the contribution of vegetation is high.
The spatial distribution characteristics and sources of organic carbon in sediments are a key issue in the study of salt marsh carbon cycling. The study analyzed the parameters of total organic carbon( TOC),total nitrogen( TN) and stable carbon isotope( δ13C) in the surface sediment samples of the Chongming Dongtan salt marsh in the Yangtze River estuary. The results showed that the average TOC and TN in surface sediments in Dongtan were 7. 70 ± 3. 74 g/kg and 0. 74 ± 0. 32 g/kg respectively. Both showed a decreasing trend from the northern part of the salt marsh to the south of the salt marsh in content. The average value of sediment δ13C was-25. 05 ± 1. 21‰. The simulation results of the three end-member mixing equations showed that the organic carbon in Dongtan sediments was mainly derived from suspended particles( 43. 53 ± 22. 44%) and vegetation( 43. 29 ± 24. 82%). The contribution rate of microalgae is lower( 13. 20 ± 8. 40%). The sediments in the northern part of Dongtan are characterized by high organic carbon content,in which the contribution of suspended particulate matter is high and the contribution of vegetation is low. In the middle and south,the content of organic carbon is low,the contribution of suspended particulates is low and the contribution of vegetation is high.
引文
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[12]吴波.长江口区藻类分布格局及其与环境因子相关性的研究[D].华东师范大学,2015.WU B. Study of algal distribution pattern and its correlation with environmental factors in Yangtze River estuary area[D]. East China Normal University,2015.
[13]曹浩冰,葛振鸣,祝振昌,等.崇明东滩盐沼植被扩散格局及其形成机制[J].生态学报,2014,34(14):3944-3952.CAO H B,GE Z M,ZHU Z C,et al. The expansion pattern of saltmarshes at Chongming Dongtan and its underlying mechanism[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(14):3944-3952.
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[18] MAZUMDER D,ILES J,KELLEWAY J,et al. Effect of acidification on elemental and isotopic compositions of sediment organic matter and macro-invertebrate muscle tissues in food web research.[J]. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2010,24(20):2938-42.
[19] CRAVEN K F,EDWARDS R J,FLOOD R P. Source organic matter analysis of saltmarsh sediments using SIAR and its application in relative sea-level studies in regions of C4 plant invasion[J]. Boreas,2017.
[20] GONTHARET S,ARTIGAS L F,MATHIEU O,et al. Effect of emersion/immersion cycles on the elemental and isotopic compositions of the organic matter from surface sediments of an intertidal mud bank(French Guiana):A preliminary study[J].Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Rcm,2015,9(22):2147-2157.
[21] KENDALL C,SILVA S R,KELLY V J. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of particulate organic matter in four large river systems across the United States[J]. Hydrological Processes,2001,15(7):1301-1346.
[22] ONSTAD G D,CANFIELD D E,QUAY P D,et al. Sources of particulate organic matter in rivers from the continental USA:lignin phenol and stable carbon isotope compositions[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2000,64(20):3539-3546.
[23]晁海娟,高建华,贾建军,等.长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物的有机质物源变化分析[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(2):237-242.CHAO H J,GAO J H,JIA J J,et al. Change of organic matter sources in surface sediments over Changjiang estuary and its adjacent waters[J]. Marine Environmental Science,2017,36(2):237-242.
[24]商栩,管卫兵,张经.长江口盐沼湿地底栖微藻的分布特征及其对有机质产出的贡献[J].海洋学报,2009,31(5):40-47.SHANG X,GUAN W B,ZHANG J. Distribution characteristics and contribution to total primary production of microphotobenthos in the salt marshes of the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2009,31(5):40-47.
[25] OAKES J M,EYRE B D. Transformation and fate of microphytobenthos carbon in subtropical,intertidal sediments:potential for long-term carbon retention revealed by 13C-labeling[J].Biogeosciences Discussions,2014,10(12):19773-19809.
[26] GONTHARET S,MATHIEU O,LVQUE J,et al. Distribution and sources of bulk organic matter(OM)on a tropical intertidal mud bank in French Guiana from elemental and isotopic proxies[J]. Chemical Geology,2014,376(22):1-10.
[27]马荣荣,宋超,王妤,等.崇明东滩南部大弹涂鱼食源的稳定同位素分析[J].海洋渔业,2017,39(4):419-426.MA R R,SONG C,WANG Y,et al. Stable isotope analysis of food sources of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris collected from the south of Chongming Dongtan saltmarsh[J]. Marine Fisheries,2017,39(4):419-426.
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