白鹤滩水电站尾水隧洞施工通风效果研究
|
摘要
白鹤滩水电站右岸尾水隧洞平均埋深400 m以上,第Ⅰ层开挖采用独头掘进方式,无进、排风竖井和平洞,通风线路结合施工支洞布置,不具备设置射流风机接力通风条件,一站式最远通风距离达3 700 m,施工通风十分困难。为确保通风效果,计算了各施工工序需风量,采用Fluent流体数值软件,建立了三维、非稳态的大埋深独头隧洞气体湍流模型,对爆破通风流场形态和污染物逸散、分布规律进行了研究,并通过现场污染物测试进行了验证。研究表明:尾水隧洞通风2 min后流场基本稳定,掌子面爆破后污染物浓度先急剧增加,之后随着时间的增加不断降低。通风12 min后,掌子面3 m附近污染物浓度满足规范要求; 15 min后,所有部位污染物浓度均接近规范允许范围,气流组织顺畅,通风效果良好。
The average depth of Baihetan Hydropower Station right bank tail water tunnel is more than400 m; therefore,layer Ⅰexcavation adopts blind heading method,no wind shaft and tunnel,and ventilation lines are combined with construction branches,and can't set jet fans. The maximum one-stop adjective ventilation length is 3700 m,so the construction ventilation is very difficult. In order to ensure the ventilation effect,we calculated the air volume of each construction process. Using Fluent fluid numerical software,we established deep burying blind heading three dimensional and unsteady turbulent caverns model to study the blasting flow pattern and pollutants dispersion,distribution law,and verified using in-situ pollutant concentration field test. The results showed that tail water tunnel flow field is basically stable after 2 min ventilation. After excavation face blasting,pollutant concentration increases sharply,then decreases. After ventilation 12 min,pollutant concentration near tunnel face 3 m met standard requirement. After 15 min,pollutant concentration in all part was close to the standard allow scope. Air flow was smooth and ventilation effect was good.
The average depth of Baihetan Hydropower Station right bank tail water tunnel is more than400 m; therefore,layer Ⅰexcavation adopts blind heading method,no wind shaft and tunnel,and ventilation lines are combined with construction branches,and can't set jet fans. The maximum one-stop adjective ventilation length is 3700 m,so the construction ventilation is very difficult. In order to ensure the ventilation effect,we calculated the air volume of each construction process. Using Fluent fluid numerical software,we established deep burying blind heading three dimensional and unsteady turbulent caverns model to study the blasting flow pattern and pollutants dispersion,distribution law,and verified using in-situ pollutant concentration field test. The results showed that tail water tunnel flow field is basically stable after 2 min ventilation. After excavation face blasting,pollutant concentration increases sharply,then decreases. After ventilation 12 min,pollutant concentration near tunnel face 3 m met standard requirement. After 15 min,pollutant concentration in all part was close to the standard allow scope. Air flow was smooth and ventilation effect was good.
引文
[1]赖涤泉.隧道施工通风与防尘[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994.
[2]杨立新.现代隧道施工通风技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[3]刘雪朋.水电站地下主厂房施工通风数值模拟与优化[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[4]马德萍,李艳玲,莫政宇,等.向家坝地下洞室群施工通风效果三维数值模拟[J].人民长江,2011,42(1):29-32+53.
[5]徐蒯东,林志勇,章程.白鹤滩水电站地下洞室群通风方案[J].暖通空调,2015,16(2):37-42.
[6]卢文波,苏利军.水电工程大型地下洞室群施工中的通风散烟问题研究[J].湖北水力发电,1999(3):39-43.
[7]李国华,陈恩瑜.超长引水隧洞施工期通风措施研究———以巴基斯坦N-J水电工程为例[J].人民长江,2016,47(1):66-69.
[8]沈熙智,苏利军,付卫新,等.引大济湟引水长隧洞TBM施工通风研究[J].人民长江,2008,39(3):19-21.
[9]冯璐,田志斌.山西中部引黄工程TBM长距离独头掘进通风研究[J].人民长江,2018,49(4):67-70+82.
[10]邓祥辉,刘钊,刘钊春.两河口长隧道独头掘进压入式施工通风三维数值模拟[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2014,36(2):35-41.
[11]危宁,李力,等.隧道施工通风中的有害气体浓度变化分析[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2006,28(4):324-327.
[12]韩占忠,王敬,兰小平. FLUENT-流体工程仿真计算实例与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2004.
[13]孟国涛,樊义林,江亚丽,等.白鹤滩水电站巨型地下洞室群关键岩石力学问题与工程对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(12):2549-2559.
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.水利水电工程施工组织设计规范:SL 303-2017[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2017.
[15]中华人民共和国水利部.水工建筑物地下开挖工程施工规范:SL378-2007[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007.
[2]杨立新.现代隧道施工通风技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[3]刘雪朋.水电站地下主厂房施工通风数值模拟与优化[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[4]马德萍,李艳玲,莫政宇,等.向家坝地下洞室群施工通风效果三维数值模拟[J].人民长江,2011,42(1):29-32+53.
[5]徐蒯东,林志勇,章程.白鹤滩水电站地下洞室群通风方案[J].暖通空调,2015,16(2):37-42.
[6]卢文波,苏利军.水电工程大型地下洞室群施工中的通风散烟问题研究[J].湖北水力发电,1999(3):39-43.
[7]李国华,陈恩瑜.超长引水隧洞施工期通风措施研究———以巴基斯坦N-J水电工程为例[J].人民长江,2016,47(1):66-69.
[8]沈熙智,苏利军,付卫新,等.引大济湟引水长隧洞TBM施工通风研究[J].人民长江,2008,39(3):19-21.
[9]冯璐,田志斌.山西中部引黄工程TBM长距离独头掘进通风研究[J].人民长江,2018,49(4):67-70+82.
[10]邓祥辉,刘钊,刘钊春.两河口长隧道独头掘进压入式施工通风三维数值模拟[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2014,36(2):35-41.
[11]危宁,李力,等.隧道施工通风中的有害气体浓度变化分析[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2006,28(4):324-327.
[12]韩占忠,王敬,兰小平. FLUENT-流体工程仿真计算实例与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2004.
[13]孟国涛,樊义林,江亚丽,等.白鹤滩水电站巨型地下洞室群关键岩石力学问题与工程对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(12):2549-2559.
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.水利水电工程施工组织设计规范:SL 303-2017[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2017.
[15]中华人民共和国水利部.水工建筑物地下开挖工程施工规范:SL378-2007[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007.