含VSC-MTDC的交直流系统潮流算法
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摘要
多端柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system,VSC-MTDC)是在两端直流输电基础上发展而来的直流输电系统,可靠性高、适用于海上风电并网等场景,相应的控制策略更加多样,其潮流模型也更加复杂。该文分析VSC换流站和MTDC的稳态模型,研究可适用于VSC-MTDC的不同拓扑和连接方式的潮流模型;研究多端直流各种控制策略潮流计算模型的不同点并推导出其方程。在此基础上,提出一种兼具统一迭代法和交替迭代法优点的含VSC-MTDC交直流系统潮流算法,给出初值和边界条件求解方法,对于不同直流拓扑和交流系统都能够进行求解。最后通过2个实际算例验证该文潮流模型的有效性和收敛性,对于不同控制方式、不同运行场景和直流拓扑都能够迅速、稳定收敛。
Voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system(VSC-MTDC), which develops from two-terminal DC transmission system, has a high reliability and is appropriate for offshore wind power grid connection. The control strategies of VSC-MTDC are multifarious and corresponding power flow models are more complicated. This paper studied the steady-state model of VSC station and MTDC and deduces the power flow model of MTDC which is appropriate for different DC topologies and connection types.Then control strategies of VSC-MTDC and their differences of power models were analyzed. On this basis, an AC/DC power flow algorithm with VSC-MTDC was proposed, which contains the advantages of the unified iterative method and alternating iterative method and can be applied to different DC topologies and AC systems. In addition, the calculation method of initial values and boundary conditions were given in this paper. Finally, the validity and convergence of the algorithm were demonstrated in two practical cases. The results indicate that the algorithm can converge steadily and rapidly under different control modes, scenes and DC topologies.
Voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system(VSC-MTDC), which develops from two-terminal DC transmission system, has a high reliability and is appropriate for offshore wind power grid connection. The control strategies of VSC-MTDC are multifarious and corresponding power flow models are more complicated. This paper studied the steady-state model of VSC station and MTDC and deduces the power flow model of MTDC which is appropriate for different DC topologies and connection types.Then control strategies of VSC-MTDC and their differences of power models were analyzed. On this basis, an AC/DC power flow algorithm with VSC-MTDC was proposed, which contains the advantages of the unified iterative method and alternating iterative method and can be applied to different DC topologies and AC systems. In addition, the calculation method of initial values and boundary conditions were given in this paper. Finally, the validity and convergence of the algorithm were demonstrated in two practical cases. The results indicate that the algorithm can converge steadily and rapidly under different control modes, scenes and DC topologies.
引文
[1]陈海荣,徐政.向无源网络供电的VSC-HVDC系统的控制器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(23):42-48.Chen Hairong,Xu Zheng.Control design for VSC-HVDCsupplying passive network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(23):42-48(in Chinese).
[2]温家良,吴锐,彭畅,等.直流电网在中国的应用前景分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(13):7-12.Wen Jialiang,Wu Rui,Peng Chang,et al.Analysis of DCgrid prospects in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(13):7-12(in Chinese).
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[7]吴志远,殷正刚,唐西胜.混合电网的交直流解耦潮流算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):937-944.Wu Zhiyuan,Yin Zhenggang,Tang Xisheng.An AC/DCdecoupled hybrid power flow algorithm for hybrid power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):937-944(in Chinese).
[8]雷婧婷,安婷,杜正春,等.含直流配电网的交直流潮流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):911-918.Lei Jingting,An Ting,Du Zhengchun.A unified AC/DCpower flow algorithm with DC distribution[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):911-918(in Chinese).
[9]郑超,周孝信,李若梅,等.VSC-HVDC稳态特性与潮流算法的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(6):1-5.Zheng Chao,Zhou Xiaoxin,Li Ruomei,et al.Study on the steady characteristic and algorithm of power flow for VSC-HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[10]Beerten J,Cole S,Belmans R.Generalized steady-state VSC MTDC model for sequential AC/DC power flow algorithms[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(2):821-829.
[11]牛博彦,胡林献,张众.基于VSC-HVDC的风电场并网系统潮流算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(24):6-11.Niu Boyan,Hu Linxian,Zhang Zhong.Research on power flow of wind farm grid-connected system based on VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(24):6-11(in Chinese).
[12]Baradar M,Ghandhari M,Hertem D V.The modeling multi-terminal VSC-HVDC in power flow calculation using unified methodology[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.Manchester:IEEE,2011.
[13]刘瑜超,武健,刘怀远,等.基于自适应下垂调节的VSC-MTDC功率协调控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):40-48.Liu Yuchao,Wu Jian,Liu Huaiyuan,et al.Effective power sharing based on adaptive droop control method in VSCmulti-terminal DC grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(1):40-48(in Chinese).
[14]柴润泽,张保会,薄志谦.含电压源型换流器直流电网的交直流网络潮流交替迭代方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):7-13.Chai Runze,Zhang Baohui,Bo Zhiqian.Alternating iterative power flow algorithm for hybrid AC/DCnetworks containing DC grid based on voltage source converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):7-13(in Chinese).
[15]徐政,屠卿瑞,管敏渊,等.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[16]阎发友,汤广福,贺之渊,等.基于MMC的多端柔性直流输电系统改进下垂控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(3):397-404.Yan Fayou,Tang Guangfu,He Zhiyuan,et al.An improved droop control strategy for MMC-based VSC-MTDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(3):397-404(in Chinese).
[17]Bu S Q,Du W,Wang H F,et al.Investigation on economic and reliable operation of meshed MTDC/ACGrid as impacted by offshore wind farms[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2017,32(5):3901-3911.
[18]周涛,陈中,郭瑞兴.基于闭环阻尼转矩分析法的电力系统稳定器参数整定[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):56-60.Zhou Tao,Chen Zhong,Guo Ruixing.Power system stabilizer parameter tuning based on closed-loop damping torque analysis method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):56-60(in Chinese).
[19]Taylor C W.Power system voltage stability[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[20]林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈入交直流系统电压稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(11):7-12.Lin Weifang,Tang Yong,Bu Guangquan.Study on voltage stability of multi-infeed HVDC power transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(11):7-12(in Chinese).
[21]Rogers G.Power system oscillations[M].Norwell:Kluwer,2000.
[2]温家良,吴锐,彭畅,等.直流电网在中国的应用前景分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(13):7-12.Wen Jialiang,Wu Rui,Peng Chang,et al.Analysis of DCgrid prospects in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(13):7-12(in Chinese).
[3]汤广福.2004年国际大电网会议系列报道--高压直流输电和电力电子技术发展现状及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2005,29(7):1-5.Tang Guangfu.A review of 2004 CIGRE on application status and perspective in HVDC and power electronics[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2005,29(7):1-5(in Chinese).
[4]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):8-17.Tang Guangfu,Luo Xiang,Wei Xiaoguang.Multiterminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):8-17(in Chinese).
[5]陈树勇,徐林岩,孙栩,等.基于多端柔性直流输电的风电并网控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(S1):32-38.Chen Shuyong,Xu Linyan,Sun Xu,et al.The control of wind power integration based on multi-terminal high voltage DC transmission with voltage source converter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(S1):32-38(in Chinese).
[6]汤广福,庞辉,贺之渊.先进交直流输电技术在中国的发展与应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1760-1771.Tang Guangfu,Pang Hui,He Zhiyuan.R&D and application of advanced power transmission technology in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1760-1771(in Chinese).
[7]吴志远,殷正刚,唐西胜.混合电网的交直流解耦潮流算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):937-944.Wu Zhiyuan,Yin Zhenggang,Tang Xisheng.An AC/DCdecoupled hybrid power flow algorithm for hybrid power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):937-944(in Chinese).
[8]雷婧婷,安婷,杜正春,等.含直流配电网的交直流潮流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):911-918.Lei Jingting,An Ting,Du Zhengchun.A unified AC/DCpower flow algorithm with DC distribution[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):911-918(in Chinese).
[9]郑超,周孝信,李若梅,等.VSC-HVDC稳态特性与潮流算法的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(6):1-5.Zheng Chao,Zhou Xiaoxin,Li Ruomei,et al.Study on the steady characteristic and algorithm of power flow for VSC-HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[10]Beerten J,Cole S,Belmans R.Generalized steady-state VSC MTDC model for sequential AC/DC power flow algorithms[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(2):821-829.
[11]牛博彦,胡林献,张众.基于VSC-HVDC的风电场并网系统潮流算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(24):6-11.Niu Boyan,Hu Linxian,Zhang Zhong.Research on power flow of wind farm grid-connected system based on VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(24):6-11(in Chinese).
[12]Baradar M,Ghandhari M,Hertem D V.The modeling multi-terminal VSC-HVDC in power flow calculation using unified methodology[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.Manchester:IEEE,2011.
[13]刘瑜超,武健,刘怀远,等.基于自适应下垂调节的VSC-MTDC功率协调控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):40-48.Liu Yuchao,Wu Jian,Liu Huaiyuan,et al.Effective power sharing based on adaptive droop control method in VSCmulti-terminal DC grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(1):40-48(in Chinese).
[14]柴润泽,张保会,薄志谦.含电压源型换流器直流电网的交直流网络潮流交替迭代方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):7-13.Chai Runze,Zhang Baohui,Bo Zhiqian.Alternating iterative power flow algorithm for hybrid AC/DCnetworks containing DC grid based on voltage source converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):7-13(in Chinese).
[15]徐政,屠卿瑞,管敏渊,等.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[16]阎发友,汤广福,贺之渊,等.基于MMC的多端柔性直流输电系统改进下垂控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(3):397-404.Yan Fayou,Tang Guangfu,He Zhiyuan,et al.An improved droop control strategy for MMC-based VSC-MTDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(3):397-404(in Chinese).
[17]Bu S Q,Du W,Wang H F,et al.Investigation on economic and reliable operation of meshed MTDC/ACGrid as impacted by offshore wind farms[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2017,32(5):3901-3911.
[18]周涛,陈中,郭瑞兴.基于闭环阻尼转矩分析法的电力系统稳定器参数整定[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):56-60.Zhou Tao,Chen Zhong,Guo Ruixing.Power system stabilizer parameter tuning based on closed-loop damping torque analysis method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):56-60(in Chinese).
[19]Taylor C W.Power system voltage stability[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.
[20]林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈入交直流系统电压稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(11):7-12.Lin Weifang,Tang Yong,Bu Guangquan.Study on voltage stability of multi-infeed HVDC power transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(11):7-12(in Chinese).
[21]Rogers G.Power system oscillations[M].Norwell:Kluwer,2000.