基于指数变换时频图增强的FSK信号特征提取
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摘要
为了区分信号的载波频率,提出一种基于指数变换的图像增强技术对频移键控(frequency-shift keying,FSK)信号进行时频二维特征提取的方法。该方法根据FSK信号的离散短时频分析,将时频图转化为时频二维灰度图,并进行图像增强处理;然后基于增强的时频二维灰度图,提取出特征参数角二阶矩(angular second moment,ASM)能量,用ASM能量曲线波峰来区分载波频率。在信噪比为10dB到30dB条件下,针对载波频率为3 MHz和3.5 MHz的2FSK信号,进行特征提取和性能仿真实验,实验结果表明,提出的方法可行,能够区分出信号的载波频率,且性能较稳定。
In order to distinguish the carrier frequency of signals,a time-frequency feature extraction method for frequency-shift keying(FSK)signals based on exponential transform image enhancement is proposed.In this method,the time-frequency graph is transformed into time-frequency two-dimensional grayscale and enhanced according to the discrete short-time frequency analysis of FSK signal;the characteristic parameters of angular second moment(ASM)energy is extracted based on the enhanced time-frequency two-dimensional gray image;and then the carrier frequency is distinguished by using ASM energy peaks.Under the condition of SNR of 10 dB to 30 dB,the feature extraction and performance simulation experiments are carried out for 2 FSK signals with carrier frequency of 3 MHz and3.5 MHz.Simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible,and can distinguish the carrier frequency of signals,and has stable performance.
In order to distinguish the carrier frequency of signals,a time-frequency feature extraction method for frequency-shift keying(FSK)signals based on exponential transform image enhancement is proposed.In this method,the time-frequency graph is transformed into time-frequency two-dimensional grayscale and enhanced according to the discrete short-time frequency analysis of FSK signal;the characteristic parameters of angular second moment(ASM)energy is extracted based on the enhanced time-frequency two-dimensional gray image;and then the carrier frequency is distinguished by using ASM energy peaks.Under the condition of SNR of 10 dB to 30 dB,the feature extraction and performance simulation experiments are carried out for 2 FSK signals with carrier frequency of 3 MHz and3.5 MHz.Simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible,and can distinguish the carrier frequency of signals,and has stable performance.
引文
[1]HU H,ZHANG C,LI Y.A new method for demodulation of FSK signal with severe impulse interference[C/OL]//2015IEEE 11th International Conference on ASIC(ASICON).China Chengdu:IEEE,2015:1-4[2017-08-14].https://doi.org/10.1109/ASICON.2015.7517193.
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[4]陆满君,詹毅,司锡才,等.基于瞬时频率细微特征分析的FSK信号个体识别[J/OL].系统工程与电子技术,2009,31(05):1043-1046[2017-08-14].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/xtgcydzjs200905010.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-506X.2009.05.010.
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[6]苏元伟,何明浩,余国文.低信噪比条件下FSK信号调制特征提取[J/OL].电子信息对抗技术,2008(4):8-11[2017-08-14].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_dzdkjs200804003.aspx.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-2230.2008.04.003.
[7]郭志阳,孙向阳,陈学英.基于FPGA的DSTFT算法对FSK信号解调的改进[J/OL].电子设计工程,2016(21):4-6[2017-08-07].http://dx.chinadoi.cn/10.14022/j.cnki.dzsjgc.2016.21.002.
[8]王晓东,唐振宏,韩溟.一种MFSK信号的类内调制方式识别算法研究[J/OL].数字技术与应用,2015(10):148-149[2017-08-04].http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95792X/201510/666497580.html.
[9]CHEN Z,LIN H,CHEN X,et al.FSK signal demodulation method based on DSTFT[J/OL].Modern Electronics Technique,2010,38(4):1-3[2017-08-14].http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-FZDZ201004016.htm.DOI:10.1109/WiCom.2008.392.
[10]陶中幸,王全州,裴东,等.一种适合FPGA实现的时频谱图增强算法[J/OL].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,52(3):57-60[2017-08-15].http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=xbsf201603011&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.DOI:10.16783/j.cnki.nwnuz.2016.03.011.
[11]SEO J W.KIM S D.Novel PCA-based color-to-gray image conversion[C/OL]//2013IEEE International Conference on Image Processing.Australia VIC Melbourne:IEEE,2013:2279-2283[2017-08-29].http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2013.6738470.
[12]马士友,付致伟,王晓东,等.基于直方图均衡和幂次变换的灰度图像增强算法[J/OL].计算机应用与软件,2013,30(4):261-263[2017-08-14].http://dx.chinadoi.cn/10.3969/j.issn.1000-386x.2013.04.075.
[13]RAVEENDRANATH A.JOHNSON A K.Single shot high dynamic range imaging using power law transformation and exposure fusion[C/OL]//2016International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks(ComNet).[S.l.]:IEEE,2016:120-126[2017-09-04].http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7823999/.DOI:10.1109/CSN.2016.7823999.
[14]翁和王,叶球孙.图像处理中特征提取的应用及增强算法研究[J/OL].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,(7):119-122[2017-09-07].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/cqgxyxb201607020.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8425(z).2016.07.020.
[2]雷洪利,鲁阳,向新,等.同类2FSK混合信号中微弱信号提取方法研究[J/OL].半导体光电,2016,37(02):238-242[2017-08-14].http://dx.chinadoi.cn/10.16818/j.issn1001-5868.2016.02.020.
[3]高迎帅.一种基于特征提取的调制识别方法[J/OL].无线电通信技术,2015,41(02):89-91[2017-08-14].http://dx.chinadoi,cn/10.3969/j.issn.1003-3114.2015.02.25.
[4]陆满君,詹毅,司锡才,等.基于瞬时频率细微特征分析的FSK信号个体识别[J/OL].系统工程与电子技术,2009,31(05):1043-1046[2017-08-14].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/xtgcydzjs200905010.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-506X.2009.05.010.
[5]王亚萍,许迪,葛江华,等.基于SPWVD时频图纹理特征的滚动轴承故障诊断[J/OL].振动、测试与诊断,2017,37(01):115-119[2017-08-15].http://www.cqvip.com/QK/97495X/201701/671476522.html.DOI:10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2017.01.018.
[6]苏元伟,何明浩,余国文.低信噪比条件下FSK信号调制特征提取[J/OL].电子信息对抗技术,2008(4):8-11[2017-08-14].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_dzdkjs200804003.aspx.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-2230.2008.04.003.
[7]郭志阳,孙向阳,陈学英.基于FPGA的DSTFT算法对FSK信号解调的改进[J/OL].电子设计工程,2016(21):4-6[2017-08-07].http://dx.chinadoi.cn/10.14022/j.cnki.dzsjgc.2016.21.002.
[8]王晓东,唐振宏,韩溟.一种MFSK信号的类内调制方式识别算法研究[J/OL].数字技术与应用,2015(10):148-149[2017-08-04].http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95792X/201510/666497580.html.
[9]CHEN Z,LIN H,CHEN X,et al.FSK signal demodulation method based on DSTFT[J/OL].Modern Electronics Technique,2010,38(4):1-3[2017-08-14].http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-FZDZ201004016.htm.DOI:10.1109/WiCom.2008.392.
[10]陶中幸,王全州,裴东,等.一种适合FPGA实现的时频谱图增强算法[J/OL].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,52(3):57-60[2017-08-15].http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=xbsf201603011&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.DOI:10.16783/j.cnki.nwnuz.2016.03.011.
[11]SEO J W.KIM S D.Novel PCA-based color-to-gray image conversion[C/OL]//2013IEEE International Conference on Image Processing.Australia VIC Melbourne:IEEE,2013:2279-2283[2017-08-29].http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2013.6738470.
[12]马士友,付致伟,王晓东,等.基于直方图均衡和幂次变换的灰度图像增强算法[J/OL].计算机应用与软件,2013,30(4):261-263[2017-08-14].http://dx.chinadoi.cn/10.3969/j.issn.1000-386x.2013.04.075.
[13]RAVEENDRANATH A.JOHNSON A K.Single shot high dynamic range imaging using power law transformation and exposure fusion[C/OL]//2016International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks(ComNet).[S.l.]:IEEE,2016:120-126[2017-09-04].http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7823999/.DOI:10.1109/CSN.2016.7823999.
[14]翁和王,叶球孙.图像处理中特征提取的应用及增强算法研究[J/OL].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,(7):119-122[2017-09-07].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/cqgxyxb201607020.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8425(z).2016.07.020.