基于m值高效法的TA15合金超塑性变形
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摘要
对TA15合金在拉伸试验机上进行应变速率敏感因子(m值)高效超塑性变形试验,研究合金的超塑性性能和显微组织。结果表明:在780~950℃变形时,TA15合金呈现出良好的超塑性能;900℃变形时,该合金的超塑性能最好,m值达到0.62,最大伸长率为1287%;随着变形温度的升高,合金的超塑性能降低,950℃时伸长率仅为567%。显微组织分析表明:TA15合金在超塑性变形过程中,晶粒始终保持等轴状;由于变形温度升高,晶粒合并长大,950℃时发生?→?相转变,初生?相体积分数大幅度降低。与最大m值法相比较,m值高效超塑性变形不仅使TA15合金获得了良好超塑性能,变形效率也显著提高。
The high efficient superplastic deformation experiments of TA15 alloy based on m value were performed on the tensile testing machine.The superplastic properties and microstructure were studied.The results indicate that TA15 alloy exhibits excellent superplasticity at temperatures of 780-950 ℃.The superplasticity is the best at 900 ℃.The m value is 0.62 and the maximum elongation is 1287%.With temperature increases,the superplasticity decreases and the elongation is only 567% at 950 ℃.The microstructure analysis shows that the equiaxed grains are kept during deformation.The grains merge and grow up due to increasing temperature.The volume fraction of primary ? phase decreases greatly because ? → ? phase transformation occurs at 950 ℃.Compared with the method of maximum m value,not only the excellent superplasticity of TA15 alloy is obtained by the high efficient superplastic deformation,but also the deformation efficiency is enhanced obviously.
The high efficient superplastic deformation experiments of TA15 alloy based on m value were performed on the tensile testing machine.The superplastic properties and microstructure were studied.The results indicate that TA15 alloy exhibits excellent superplasticity at temperatures of 780-950 ℃.The superplasticity is the best at 900 ℃.The m value is 0.62 and the maximum elongation is 1287%.With temperature increases,the superplasticity decreases and the elongation is only 567% at 950 ℃.The microstructure analysis shows that the equiaxed grains are kept during deformation.The grains merge and grow up due to increasing temperature.The volume fraction of primary ? phase decreases greatly because ? → ? phase transformation occurs at 950 ℃.Compared with the method of maximum m value,not only the excellent superplasticity of TA15 alloy is obtained by the high efficient superplastic deformation,but also the deformation efficiency is enhanced obviously.
引文
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[15]李成铭,李萍,赵蒙,甘国强,薛克敏.TA15钛合金的热变形微观组织与织构[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(1):91-96.LI Cheng-ming,LI Ping,ZHAO Meng,GAN Guo-qiang,XUE Ke-min.Microstructures and textures of TA15 titanium alloy after hot deformation[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(1):91-96.
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[17]SERGUEEVA A V,STOLYAROV V V,VALIEV R Z,MUKHERJEE A K.Superplastic behaviour of ultrafine-grained Ti-6A1-4V alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2002,323:318-325.
[18]DERBY B.The dependence of grain size on stress during dynamic recrystallization[J].Acta Metallurgica et Materialia,1991,39(5):955-962.
[19]ALABORT E,KONTIS P,BARBA D,DRAGNEVSKI K,REED R C.On the mechanisms of superplasticity in Ti-6Al-4V[J].Acta Materialia,2016,105:449-463.
[20]MCLEAN D.Grain boundary dislocations:Their effect on vacancies and sliding[J].Philosophical Magazine,1971,23(182):467-472.
[21]周善佑,刘勤,汪立勤.晶界位错在超塑性变形中的作用[J].兵器材料科学与工程,1988,9:1-7.ZHOU Shan-you,LIU Qin,WANG Li-qin.The effect of grain boundary dislocation in superplastic deformation[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,1988,9:1-7.
[22]孙前江.细晶TA15合金的制备及超塑性变形行为研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2013:54-57.SUN Qian-jiang.Fabrication and superplastic deformation behavior of the fine-grained TA15 alloy[D].Xi’an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2013:54–57.
[2]杨雷,王宝雨,刘钢,赵慧俊.基于内变量的TA15板材室温拉伸力学性能预测模型[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(3):652-661.YANG Lei,WANG Bao-yu,LIU Gang,ZHAO Hui-jun.Prediction model of tensile mechanical properties of TA15 sheet at room temperature based on internal variables[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(3):652-661.
[3]姚彭彭,李萍,薛克敏,李成铭,甘国强.β相区加热TA15钛合金热变形显微组织演化[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(10):2482-2489.YAO Peng-peng,LI Ping,XUE Ke-min,LI Cheng-ming,GAN Guo-qiang.Microstructure evolution of thermal deformation TA15 titanium alloy underβphase region heating institution[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(10):2482-2489.
[4]WU Chuan,YANG He,LI Hong-wei.Simulated and experimental investigation on discontinuous dynamic recrystallization of a near-αTA15 titanium alloy during isothermal hot compression inβsingle-phase field[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24:1819-1829.
[5]陈浦泉.组织超塑性[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1988:1-4.CHEN Pu-quan.Microstructural superplasticity[M].Harbing:Harbing Institute of Technology Press,1988:1-4.
[6]何景素,王燕文.金属的超塑性[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:3-11.HE Jing-su,WANG Yan-wen.Superplasticity of metals[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993:3-11.
[7]曾立英,赵永庆,李丹柯,李倩.超塑性钛合金的研究进展[J].金属热处理,2005,30(5):28-33.ZENG Li-ying,ZHAO Yong-qing,LI Dan-ke,LI Qian.Research progress on superplastic titanium alloys[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2005,30(5):28-33.
[8]ASHIDA M,CHEN P,DOI H,TSUTSUMI Y,HANAWA T,HORITA Z.Superplasticity in the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy processed by high-pressure torsion[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2015,640:449-453.
[9]MOTYKA M,SIENIAWSKI J,ZIAJA W.Microstructural aspects of superplasticity in Ti-6Al-4V alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2014,640:57-63.
[10]BABU J,DUTTA A.Low temperature superplasticity through grain refinement in Ti-6Al-4V by a novel route of quench-roll-recrystallize[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2015,4(3):348-352.
[11]ROY S,SUWAS S.Enhanced superplasticity for(α+β)-hot rolled Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B alloy by means of dynamic globularization[J].Materials and Design,2014,58:52-64.
[12]万菊林.非理想组织材料超塑性变形的研究[D].北京:清华大学,1995:118-141.WAN Ju-lin.Superplastic deformation of materials with non-ideal SPD microstructures[D].Beijing:Tsinghua Universtiry,1995:118-141.
[13]WANG G C,FU M W.Maximum m superplasticity deformation for Ti-6A1-4V titanium alloy[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,192/193:555-560.
[14]王高潮,曹春晓,董洪波,李臻熙,杨刚,赵晓宾.TC11合金最大m值超塑变形机理[J].航空学报,2009,30(2):357-361.Wang Gao-chao,CAO Chun-xiao,DONG Hong-bo,LI Zhen-xi,YANG Gang,ZHAO Xiao-bin.Superplastic deformation mechanism of titanium alloy TC11 at maximum m value[J]Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2009,30(2):357-361.
[15]李成铭,李萍,赵蒙,甘国强,薛克敏.TA15钛合金的热变形微观组织与织构[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(1):91-96.LI Cheng-ming,LI Ping,ZHAO Meng,GAN Guo-qiang,XUE Ke-min.Microstructures and textures of TA15 titanium alloy after hot deformation[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(1):91-96.
[16]张俊红.Ti Al基合金的组织超塑性研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2003:58-60.ZHANG Jun-hong.Research on the superplasticity of Ti Al-based alloy[D].Changsha:Central South University,2003:58-60.
[17]SERGUEEVA A V,STOLYAROV V V,VALIEV R Z,MUKHERJEE A K.Superplastic behaviour of ultrafine-grained Ti-6A1-4V alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2002,323:318-325.
[18]DERBY B.The dependence of grain size on stress during dynamic recrystallization[J].Acta Metallurgica et Materialia,1991,39(5):955-962.
[19]ALABORT E,KONTIS P,BARBA D,DRAGNEVSKI K,REED R C.On the mechanisms of superplasticity in Ti-6Al-4V[J].Acta Materialia,2016,105:449-463.
[20]MCLEAN D.Grain boundary dislocations:Their effect on vacancies and sliding[J].Philosophical Magazine,1971,23(182):467-472.
[21]周善佑,刘勤,汪立勤.晶界位错在超塑性变形中的作用[J].兵器材料科学与工程,1988,9:1-7.ZHOU Shan-you,LIU Qin,WANG Li-qin.The effect of grain boundary dislocation in superplastic deformation[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,1988,9:1-7.
[22]孙前江.细晶TA15合金的制备及超塑性变形行为研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2013:54-57.SUN Qian-jiang.Fabrication and superplastic deformation behavior of the fine-grained TA15 alloy[D].Xi’an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2013:54–57.