贵州某硅钙(镁)质磷矿石双反浮选试验
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摘要
贵州某高硅钙含镁低品位磷矿石中的主要磷矿物为胶磷矿,以氟磷灰石为主,部分为碳磷灰石;主要脉石矿物为石英、白云石、伊利石和黄铁矿等。矿石P_2O_5品位为26.19%,SiO_2、CaO、MgO含量分别为16.88%、38.18%、1.92%。为确定矿石的开发利用工艺,采用双反浮选工艺进行了试验。结果表明,矿石在磨矿细度为-0.074mm占82.05%的情况下,采用优先反浮选脱镁—沉降脱泥—1粗2精、粗选及精选尾矿合并1次扫选后返回的反浮选脱硅流程处理,最终获得了P_2O_5品位为32.35%、P_2O_5回收率达82.36%、MgO与P_2O_5含量比为2.32%、R_2O_3与P_2O_5含量比为11.07%的磷精矿。反浮选脱硅前预先脱泥,并用醚多胺类捕收剂T609和消泡剂TOP搭配,可有效改善阳离子捕收剂反浮选脱硅过程中泡沫多、黏度大、难冲消的问题。双反浮选工艺有效实现了磷灰石与脉石矿物的分离,获得了酸法加工用磷矿石优等品质量标准的磷精矿。
The main phosphorus mineral of a low grade phosphate ore with high silicon and magnesium in Guizhou is collophanite which consisted mainly of fluoroapatite and partly of carbon-apatite. And the main gangue minerals are quartz,dolomite,illite and pyrite,etc. The grade of P_2O_5,SiO_2,CaO and MgO is 26.19%,16.88%,38.18% and 1.92%,respectively. In order to determine the development and utilization process of ore,the experiment was carried out using double reverse flotation process. The results showed that under the grinding fineness of 82.05%-0.074 mm,with the process of preference reverse flotation to remove magnesium-sedimentation to remove slurry-reverse flotaion of one roughing two cleaning and tailings of roughing and first cleaning returned after mixed and via one scavenging of silicon remove process,the phosphorus concentrate with P_2O_5 grade of 32.35%,P_2O_5 recovery of 82.36%,MgO to P_2O_5 ratio of 2.32%,R_2O_3 to P_2O_5 ratio of 11.07% could be obtained. The bubbly,sticky and intractable foam in cationic reverse flotation process can be solved by desliming before desilication and the use of T609 combined with defoaming agent TOP. Double reverse flotation makes apatite separated from gangue mineral and acquires the concentrate which reaches the high-class standard of phosphate ore for the acidic process.
The main phosphorus mineral of a low grade phosphate ore with high silicon and magnesium in Guizhou is collophanite which consisted mainly of fluoroapatite and partly of carbon-apatite. And the main gangue minerals are quartz,dolomite,illite and pyrite,etc. The grade of P_2O_5,SiO_2,CaO and MgO is 26.19%,16.88%,38.18% and 1.92%,respectively. In order to determine the development and utilization process of ore,the experiment was carried out using double reverse flotation process. The results showed that under the grinding fineness of 82.05%-0.074 mm,with the process of preference reverse flotation to remove magnesium-sedimentation to remove slurry-reverse flotaion of one roughing two cleaning and tailings of roughing and first cleaning returned after mixed and via one scavenging of silicon remove process,the phosphorus concentrate with P_2O_5 grade of 32.35%,P_2O_5 recovery of 82.36%,MgO to P_2O_5 ratio of 2.32%,R_2O_3 to P_2O_5 ratio of 11.07% could be obtained. The bubbly,sticky and intractable foam in cationic reverse flotation process can be solved by desliming before desilication and the use of T609 combined with defoaming agent TOP. Double reverse flotation makes apatite separated from gangue mineral and acquires the concentrate which reaches the high-class standard of phosphate ore for the acidic process.
引文
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[3]王在谦,姚华龙,王兴东,等.硅钙质磷矿石浮选脱硅研究进展[J].化工矿物与加工,2017(3):67-71.Wang Zaiqian,Yao Hualong,Wang Xingdong,et al.Progress in research on desilication in flotation of siliceous-calcareous phosphate ore[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,2017(3):67-71.
[4]何东升,刘星,彭灿,等.湖北某胶磷矿双反浮选试验研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2017(1):1-3.He Dongsheng,Liu Xing,Peng Can,et al.Double reverse flotation of a phosphate rock in Hube[iJ].Industrial Minerals&Processing,2017(1):1-3.
[5]杜令攀,卢昌,钟晋,等.浮选工艺和药剂在磷矿选矿中的应用研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2016(3):55-58.Du Lingpan,Lu Chang,Zhong Jin,et al.Research on application of flotation technology and reagent in phosphate processing[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,2016(3):55-58.
[6]谢国先,张路莉,刘鑫,等.胶磷矿选矿工艺的研究现状[J].磷肥与复肥,2012(1):16-19.Xie Guoxian,Zhang Luli,Liu Xin,et al.Research status of mineral processing technology of collophanite[J].Phosphate&Compound Fertilizer,2012(1):16-19.
[7]张冬冬,魏爱斌,瞿广飞,等.磷矿脱镁研究进展[J].矿产综合利用,2015(5):1-7.Zhang Dongdong,Wei Aibin,Qu Guangfei,et al.Progress of removing magnesium impurities from phosphoric ore[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2015(5):1-7.
[8]洪微,张凌燕,宋昱晗,等.四川某胶磷矿石反-正浮选选磷试验[J].金属矿山,2013(3):97-99.Hong Wei,Zhang Linyan,Song Yuhan,et al.Experiments on direct flotation and inverse flotation of a collophane mine in Sichuan[J].Metal Mine,2013(3):97-99.
[9]钱押林,张红茹.胶磷矿浮选过稳定泡沫消泡技术初探[J].化工矿物与加工,1995(6):15-18.Qian Yalin,Zhang Hongru.A preliminary approach to defrothing technology of oversteady froth from collophane flotation[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1995(6):15-18.