摘要
城市是一个高度复杂的系统,在高速城镇化的今天,越来越多的人口涌入城市,而城市在各类灾害中所表现的脆弱性却无法给城市居民以良好的安全保障和生活体验。"韧性"概念的出现,为理解复杂系统运作和其可持续发展,尤其是系统防灾减灾方面提供了新的视角。然而,尽管韧性概念早在20世纪70年代已经出现,但城市韧性的研究尚属起步阶段,还有很多问题需要解决。当前关于城市韧性的部分研究仅仅是引入韧性的概念,对韧性的理解并不深入。本文认为,城市韧性更多的是一种"过程描述"而非"状态描述",对城市韧性的研究应着眼于全局、全过程,以集成的思想和系统的手段通盘考虑城市系统,全面地理解城市的运转,从而使得研究成果能在实践中更好地指导城市韧性的规划与建设。
Rapid global urbanization has led to a fast increase of urban population in major cities which,however,cannot always guarantee a safe living environment in face of disasters.The concept of "resilience" brings about a new perspective of understanding the operation and sustainable development of complex systems,especially in terms of disaster prevention and reduction in urban systems.Despite the fact that the resilience concept was proposed decades ago,the research in urban resilience has largely remained in its infancy.Many studies addressed urban resilience issues merely conceptually without in-depth insights.The authors believe that urban resilience is more about the process than the status,and it requires a comprehensive analytical framework.Such a framework has to adopt a system-of-systems approach,focusing on the system level and the whole process of urban resilience.Carefully understanding the conceptual connotation,and characteristics of urban resilience is a crucial premise to support better planning and construction of resilient cities in practice.
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