摘要
教师直接作用于教育过程,影响受教育者的发展。新课程改革以来,对教师专业化、提高教师素质的呼声不绝于耳。但是,关于教师权威的研究还不够全面和深入,有的观点过于偏激,如“教师权威消解说”的提出。这一观点的提出有其历史背景,那就是教育民主化的提出、新课改的实行和信息时代的到来。
本文认为,“教师权威消解说”片面夸大了教师权威的负面影响,应当全面深入地分析教师权威,它既有消极作用,也有积极影响。在本文中,教师权威包括教师的知识权威、感召权威和制度权威。
在教师的个人权威中,渊博的知识积累不仅是教师自我完善的需要,从事教学工作的保证,而且还是教师业务水平的标志,影响力的源泉。教师的知识愈丰富,视野愈宽广,科学素养愈全面,教学的效果就愈好。有了坚实的知识基础,才可能有创造精神。在树立教师知识权威的过程中,应当避免传统教师权威的消极影响,教师话语权的回归是提高专业能力、进而树立权威的基础。信息化社会中,教师仍应成为知识权威,并且是指导学生获得有效知识的权威。
除了知识权威,感召权威也同样重要。教师是人格教育活的教材,教师在人格上赢得学生的心,学生便会产生仰慕之情并心悦诚服的接受老师的教育。同时,教师应走下“神坛”,做一个有个性的“人”,因为教师必须以个人的方式去体现所讲授的知识。新型教师权威的确立不仅需要教师提高知识权威、发挥感召权威,也需要教育管理进行体制创新,为新型教师权威的确立提供必要的外在支持。
那么,什么是教师权威?教师是否应该成为权威?教师权威是否该消解了?在新课程背景下如何辩证分析教师权威?这些都需要在理论上系统地加以探讨。弄清楚这些问题,对树立正确的教师权威观、对教师专业化的实现、对科学民主的师生关系的实现、对新课程改革的实施、对有效的提高教学效率都是有作用的。
Abstract teacher direct action in education process,Influence education development. Since the new curriculum has reformed,To the teacher specialization, improves the teacher quality the call to be lingering on faintly. But,Also insufficiently comprehensive and is thorough about the teacher authority's research,Some viewpoints too are extreme,Like "the teacher authority dispels said" proposing. This viewpoint proposed has its historical background,That is educates the democratization to propose, the new class changes implementation and information age arrival.
This article believed,"The teacher authority dispels said" one-sidedly exaggerated the teacher authority's negative influence,Must comprehensively thoroughly analyze the teacher authority, It already has the negative effect,Also has the positive influence. In this article,The teacher authority including teacher's knowledge authority, inpels the authority and the system authority. In teacher's individual authority,The profound knowledge accumulates not only is the teacher self-perfection need,Is engaged in the teaching work the guarantee, Moreover teacher vocational level symbol,Influence fountainhead. Teacher's knowledge is richer,The field of vision is broader,The scientific accomplishment is more comprehensive, the teaching effect is better. Had the solid knowledge foundation,Only then possibly has the creation spirit. In sets up in the teacher knowledge authority's process,Must avoid the traditional teacher authority's negative effect, The teacher words power return is the enhancement specialized ability, then sets up authority's foundation. In becoming an information based society society,The teacher still should become the knowledge authority,And instructs the authority which the student obtains the effective knowledge
Except knowledge authority,Inpels the authority similarly to be also important. The teacher is the personality educates the live teaching material,The teacher wins student's heart in the personality,
The student then can produce admires the sentiment and feels a heartfelt admiration accepts teacher's education.
The new teacher authority's establishment not only needs the teacher to enhance the knowledge authority, the display impel authority,Also needs the education administration to carry on the system innovation, provides the essential external support for the new teacher authority's establishment.
Then,What is the teacher authority?Whether the teacher should become the authority?Whether the teacher authority should dispel? Dialectically analyzes the teacher authority how under the new curriculum background?These all need in theoretically systematically to perform to discuss.
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