摘要
本文针对无线通信系统中的高性能小型化无源元件进行了研究,提出了多种无源元件高性能、小型化设计方案,并基于这些方案设计了多种新型无源元件。本论文的研究成果在无线通信系统电路设计中具有重要的应用价值。
本论文第一章首先对无线通信系统中的高性能小型化无源元件的研究现状进行了回顾。目前,高性能、小型化无源元件研究主要从新型封装技术、小型化谐振器技术、慢波加载技术三个方面考虑,这三个方面的研究工作仍然处于起步阶段,还有许多问题待解决。
第二章介绍了和本文研究内容相关的无源元件的微波网络理论。介绍了与第三章滤波器相对应的二端口网络基本理论;与第四章耦合器相对应的四端口网络基本理论;与第五章滤波天线相对应的单端口网络基本理论。
第三章运用传输线理论进一步分析了阶梯阻抗谐振器的谐振特性。利用该谐振器的小型化特点,设计出了小型化低通滤波器、带通滤波器。利用阶梯阻抗谐振器的通带可调特性,设计出了可应用于无线局域网通信系统的双通带滤波器,给出了设计的理论,该滤波器具有小型化、高性能、结构简单的优点。
第四章运用奇偶模法分析了耦合器的工作原理。对无源元件的传统设计形式进行了介绍,指出了传统设计方法在小型化设计方面所存在的局限性。基于耦合器小型化的研究现状,提出了一种新型的渐变阶梯阻抗慢波加载结构,并且结合传输线理论、微波网络理论、等效电路理论对该新型加载结构进行了准确的建模分析。利用所提出的慢波加载结构设计出了高性能、小型化的环形鼠笼式耦合器、分支线耦合器、以及双模滤波器。当中心工作频率在1.44GHz时,本文所设计的鼠笼式环形耦合器的面积只有传统设计形式下的8%,在平面印刷电路工艺下是目前国际上小型化效果最好的。当中心工作频率在2.0GHz时,本文所设计的分支线耦合器的面积只有传统设计形式下的28%,还具有很好的二次谐波抑制特性。所设计的双模滤波器与目前国际上小型化程度最好的双模滤波器相比较,能够在相同尺寸的情况下做到更好的工作性能。
第五章通过在天线的设计中利用微带谐振器,给出了二次以及三次谐波抑制滤波天线的设计原理。利用终端开路微带谐振器设计出了能够有效抑制二次谐波的滤波天线。将终端开路微带谐振器与阶梯阻抗谐振器相结合应用到微带天线设计中,设计出了能够同时抑制二次、三次谐波的滤波天线。
第六章总结了本论文的主要工作,展望了无线通信系统中高性能、小型化无源元件未来的一些研究方向。
Research on high performance and compact passive components in wireless communication system has been done in this dissertation. Several schemes for high performance and compact passive component design are presented. Based on these schemes, some types of new passive components are designed. The work in this dissertation has an important value for the application of circuit design in wireless communication system.
In Chapter 1, advances in the study of high performance and compact passive components in wireless communication system are introduced. At present, research on high performance and compact passive components is mainly developed from three aspects, i.e., new package technology, miniaturized resonator, and slow wave loading method. The research work in the three aspects is still at its beginning. There are many problems needed to be explored.
In Chapter 2, microwave network theory related to the research in this dissertation is introduced. Two-port network theory corresponding to the filter design in Chapter 3, four-port network theory corresponding to the coupler design in Chapter 4, and one-port network theory corresponding to the filter antenna design in Chapter 5 are introduced.
In Chapter 3, resonance property of stepped-impedance resonator is further analyzed with transmission line theory. Compact lowpass and bandpass filters are designed with the miniaturization property of stepped-impedance resonator. Tunable passband property of the stepped-impedance resonator is used for the design of dual-band bandpass filters that can be applied to wireless local network area communication system. Design theory for this type of filter is also presented. The proposed dual-band bandpass filter has the advantages of compact size, high performance, and simple structure.
In Chapter 4, principle of coupler is analyzed by the even-odd-mode method. Circuit patterns designed by conventional method are introduced. The limitation of conventional design method is also illustrated. Based on the research progress of miniaturized coupler design, a novel tapered stepped-impedance slow-wave loading structure is proposed in this dissertation. With the combination of transmission line theory, microwave network theory, and equivalent circuit theory, an accurate equivalent circuit model is proposed and analyzed. High performance and miniaturized rat-race ring coupler, branch-line coupler, and dual-mode bandpass filter are designed with the proposed slow-wave loading structure. The proposed rat-race ring coupler's size is only 8% of conventional design at 1.44 GHz, and this is the best result reported up till now with printed circuit board manufacturing process. The proposed branch-line coupler not only effectively reduces the occupied area to 28% of the conventional branch-line coupler but also has high second harmonic suppression performance at 2.0 GHz. When the circuit area is kept the same, the proposed dual-mode filter has a better performance than the reported one, which has the smallest size in the literature.
In Chapter 5, design theory for filter antenna with the second order and third order harmonic suppression is presented using the concept of microstrip resonator. Based on the concept of open end microstrip resonator, filter antenna with the suppression of the second order harmonic is designed. Filter antenna with the second and third harmonic suppression is designed by the use of both stepped-impedance resonator and open end microstrip resonator.
In Chapter 6, the research work of this dissertation is summarized and potential research directions for high performance and compact passive components in wireless communication system are predicted.
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