摘要
泥巴山隧道为雅安至泸沽高速公路的控制性重点工程,工程位于四川省雅安市荥经县和汉源县交界处的大相岭高中山区。由于隧道长、埋深大、工程地质条件复杂,岩爆、塌方、大变形和突水突泥等地质灾害频发的高风险隧道,因此超前地质预报工作也尤为重要。本文紧密结合泥巴山隧道工程实践和《泥巴山隧道施工地质超前预报技术及其应用研究》项目,以超前地质预报为主线,展开数值模拟方法的分析研究。
近年来,随着计算机性能的提高,数值模拟技术得到空前的发展,使数值模拟中计算量庞大的问题得到解决,将定量研究向前推进。本文对施工过程中泥巴山隧道工程地质条件进行详细分析,在收集整理地质法和物探法获得的岩体数据基础上,同时考虑研究成果将直接为雅泸高速公路泥巴山隧道施工服务,数值模拟方法进行超前地质预报需具有易操作和实用性。采用一个综合模型模拟多种地质灾害,通过边界应力模拟地应力,通过参数反映岩体性质,以达到同一模型模拟多种地质灾害的效果。
在本文中提出了按塌方深度划分塌方等级的准则,在FLAC模拟中按塑性区域延伸深度划分塌方等级的准则和按围岩孔隙水压力划分突水突泥等级的标准。研究结果表明模型的计算能力较强、计算时间合理、使用难度不大,满足方便、实用的目标。同时整个隧道的预报准确率为76.5%,满足实际工程的要求。
本文研究成果丰富了隧道超前地质预报的内容和方法,增强了超前地质预报的可靠度,也为隧道综合超前地质预测预报的发展提供了一个方法和途径。
NIB ASH AN tunnel is the controlling key project in the expressway from Ya'an to Lugu, which is located in high and middle mountains of Daxiangling at the junction of Hanyuan and Yingjing, Ya'an, Sichuan Province. Due to the length, depth, and complexity of the engineering geological conditions, the tunnel becomes high-risky with frequent rock burst, landslides, large deformation, water and mud bursting and some other geological disasters, which makes advanced geological prediction of particular importance. Closely related with the engineering practice of NIBASHAN tunnel and the project for geological forecasting technology of NIBASHAN tunnel construction and its application, an analytical research of numerical simulation is carried out in this article, taking the advanced geological prediction as the main line.
In recent years, with the improvement of computer function, the numerical simulation technology has undergone unprecedented development, owning to which the problem of huge computation in the numerical simulation is resolved and quantitative research moves forward. Detailed analysis of the engineering geological conditions of the NIBASHAN tunnel construction is conducted in the study. Rock data are obtained and collected with geological method and geophysical method. Since the findings could be directly applied to the NIBASHAN Tunnel construction in Ya-Lu highway, advanced geological prediction carried out through the method of numerical simulation shall be easy to operate with practicality. A comprehensive model is established to simulate all sorts of geological disasters. Boundary stress is employed to simulate ground stress and the rock nature is reflected through the parameter to realize the same model simulating different geological disasters.
In the paper some criteria are proposed. They help determine the degree of collapse in terms of the collapse depth, the extension depth of plastic zone in FLAC Simulation, and the standards of water and mud bursting is divided by rock pore water pressure. The results show that the model can meet the demand for strong calculation ability, reasonable computation time and simplicity. Meanwhile the forecast accuracy of the entire tunnel was76.5%, which met the requirements of practical engineering.
Researches in the thesis enrich contents and methods of the tunnel advanced geological prediction and enhance the reliability of advanced geological prediction. Also methods and means are provided for the development of the tunnel advanced geological forecasting.
引文
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