摘要
在资源节约型社会和环境友好型社会建设被确立为我国中长期规划发展战略任务的背景下,两型社会建设的定量评价一直是理论界关注的热点问题。本文构建了两型社会建设评价模型,并对我国的两型社会建设进行了综合评价。在此基础上,本文实证计量了各种环境规制工具对两型社会建设的影响,以期优化环境规制工具组合,推进两型社会建设进程。本文所做的主要工作如下
(1)提出了环境规制对两型社会建设的影响机制概念模型。在以往学者研究的基础上,本文归纳总结了两型社会和环境规制的基本概念及内涵,并将国际环境参与纳入环境规制的框架之下以拓展环境规制的内涵,进而从国内和国际两个视角,分别探索了国内环境规制和国际环境参与对两型社会建设的作用机制,构建了环境规制对两型社会建设影响机制的概念模型。
(2)构建了两型社会建设综合评价模型,并实证评价了我国各省市两型社会建设状况。本文在借鉴现有研究思路的基础上,构建了一套包含两型社会综合指数测算模型、协调性评价模型、状态识别模型的两型社会建设综合评价模型。随后,本文进一步运用该模型对我国30个省市区2003-2010年的两型社会建设综合指数及其协调性进行了评价,并对我国各省份两型社会建设状态进行了识别。
(3)实证分析了我国国内各种环境规制工具对两型社会建设的影响。将国内环境规制手段划分为命令控制、市场激励、自愿性规制、信息披露和公众参与五类,并选择相应指标计量分析了各种国内环境规制手段对两型社会建设的影响。同时,本文在计量模型中引入了结构性变量、技术创新、外商投资等控制变量以全面评价两型社会建设的影响因素。
(4)实证研究了国际环境参与对两型社会建设的影响。本文选取清洁发展机制(Clean Development Mechanism, CDM)项目数作为国际环境参与的代表性指标,以评价国际环境参与在我国两型社会建设中的作用。鉴于CDM项目在东道国的节能减排方面具有较强的针对性,本文分别建立计量分析模型,实证评价了CDM对二氧化碳排放强度、二氧化硫排放强度、工业粉尘排放强度、能耗强度的影响,而这些指标均是两型社会建设评价指标体系的组成部分,从而保证了本文逻辑上的一致性。
本文的研究创新主要体现在以下几个方面：
(1)通过引入碳排放指标,对传统的两型社会评价指标体系进行了改进。引入二氧化碳排放强度指标,可以使本文构建的两型社会综合评价模型能在全球气候问题日益严重的背景下更好地诠释两型社会的基本内涵。其中,对我国省级二氧化碳排放量的估算也是本文的难点所在
(2)构建了一套全新的两型社会建设综合评价模型,涵盖两型社会指数测算模型、协调性评价模型和状态识别模型。该模型不仅可以评价两型社会建设状态,还可以测度两型社会建设各维度之间的协调性,增强了两型社会建设评价的全面性。
(3)从国际和国内两个视角对环境规制进行了分析,为环境规制的理论研究提供了新的切入点。本文将国际环境参与纳入环境规制的框架之下,丰富了环境规制的内涵。在此基础上,本文从国际和国内两个视角出发构建了环境规制对两型社会建设影响机制的概念模型,为进一步的两型社会和环境规制研究提供新的思路。
(4)从规制工具的角度,计量了环境规制对两型社会建设的影响,丰富了环境规制的实证研究。本文通过构建面板数据计量模型,实证分析了命令控制、市场激励、信息披露、自愿性规制和公众参与以及国际环境参与等各种环境规制工具在我国两型社会建设中的作用,为进一步优化环境规制工具组合、加强国际环境参与、推进两型社会建设都指明了方向。其中,计量模型所采用的各省市环境信息报道数量、环境认证企业数、CDM项目数等指标的数据均是通过权威网站进行统计得到的一手数据,因此得到的分析结论更具有说服力。
The evaluation for duao-goal society has attracted considerable academic attentions since building a resource efficient and environmentally friendly society has become China's longterm development strategy. This thesis constructs a comprehensive dual-goal society evaluation model as well as the empirical study on China's provinces. Furthermore, an empirical study is carried out to estimate the impacts of different environmental regulation tools on China's provincial dual-goal society development. The main viewpoints of this thesis are shown as follows:
(1) Exploring the influencing mechanism of environmental regulation on dual-goal society. This thesis integrates international environmental participation into the environmental regulation framework and explores the influencing mechanism of domestic environmental regulation and international environmental participation on dual-goal society. Then, a conceptual model is proposed to identify the influencing mechanism of environmental regulation on dual-goal society.
(2) Evaluation model for dual-goal society and empirical evaluation for China's provinces. This study constructs a comprehensive dual-goal society evaluation model which involves the dual-goal society index evaluation model, coordination assessment model and state identification model. This comprehensive model is then applied to analyse data from Chinas30provinces over the period of2003-2010.
(3) Evaluation of the impacts of domestic environmental regulation on China's dual-goal society. In this thesis, the domestic environmental regulation tools are classifies into five categories:command control, market incentive, voluntary regulation, information disclosure and public participation. Then, this study estimates the impacts of different environmental regulation tools on China's dual-goal society base on panel data of China's provinces from2003to2010. Meanwhile, the impacts of structural factor, technological innovation and foreign direct investment on dual-goal society are considered.
(4) Evaluation of the impacts of international environmental participation on China's dual-goal society. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is introduced to represent international environmental participation index. Then, this thesis evaluates the impacts of CDM projects on China's provincial carbon dioxide emission intensity, sulfur dioxide emission intensity, industrial dust emission intensity and energy intensity, which are all involved in the dual-goal society evaluation indicator system. As a result, the logic consistency is ensured in this study.
This study has made some innovations in the following areas:
(1) This study improves the former dual-goal society evaluation indicator system by introducing the indicator of carbon dioxide emission intensity. As a result, the model proposed in this paper can better evaluate the dual-goal society within the context of the warming global climate.
(2) This study proposes a comprehensive dual-goal society evaluation model which involves the dual-goal society index evaluation model, the coordination assessment model and the state identification model. This comprehensive model can better evaluate the sates of China's dual-goal society while assessing the coordination of each dimensions of dual-goal society construction.
(3) This study analyzes environmental regulation from international and domestic perspectives, which provides a new point for environmental regulation study. The international environmental participation is integrated into the environmental regulation framework, which expands the connotation of environmental regulation. Meanwhile, the conceptual model of environmental regulation influencing mechanism on dual-goal society proposed in this thesis can provide some ideas for further studies on dual-goal society and environmental regulation.
(4) The influencing factors of dual-goal society are estimated from the perspective of environmental regulation tools, which enriches the empirical study of environmental regulation. The impacts of command control, market incentive, voluntary regulation, information disclosure, public participation and international environmental participation environmental regulation tools on China's provincial dual-goal society development are estimated, which can provide some directions for further optimizing the environmental regulation tools combination and promoting the dual-goal society process. Furthermore, the data of the number of the media news relating to the environment, the number of environmentally certificated enterprises and the number of Clean Development Mechanism projects are all counted from relevant authority certified internet sites, which makes the conclusions more reliable.
引文
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