摘要
ASI总线是一种设备级的现场总线，它结构简单、操作方便，目前在欧洲已经占有了60%的市场份额。而我国在这个方面起步还比较晚，为了能开发具有自主知识产权的ASI产品，我的课题就选为独立研究并开发ASI总线系统。
论文首先介绍了ASI系统的特点，然后详细地分析它的传输系统，针对各种电气和功能特性给出了它的设计要求。A2SI专用芯片是ASI系统的底层通信的核心部件，因此本文专门对它的结构和使用时需要注意的问题进行了描述。在全面学习了ASI的工业标准之后，进行从站和主站的设计并加以实现。课题的研究成果有：（1）开发了统一的ASI从站模块，可以接各种传感器，从站的信息可以由主站来配置；（2）开发了专用的ASI主站传输控制器，只需要两根控制线。设计了曼彻斯特编码解码器，可以编解167kbps的曼彻斯特码；（3）开发了ASI主站的执行控制器，具有程序下载功能。程序存储区分成系统区和用户区，系统区存储系统程序，事先由设计者提供；用户区存储用户程序，由用户通过上位机下载，它可以调用存储在系统区的系统函数（4）开发了用户接口界面，可以监控并配置ASI系统。利用串口设计了在线下载程序的功能。用户可以把写好的用户程序下载到执行控制器里。
论文的另一部分工作是对ASI总线还未解决的问题进行探讨。已有的从站专用芯片只能传输4比特的开关量，本文设计了可以传输模拟传感器的多比特数据从站接口，通过专用芯片分时传输控制信号和数据信号。在分析原理之后，给出了电路图和软件工作流程。现阶段，ASI采用的都是有线媒介传输，本题为ASI的无线传输提供了解决方案——“蓝牙”技术。从工作原理上说明两者相互结合的可能性，并给出了逻辑功能图。最后总结现场总线的发展趋势，以及需要解决的技术问题。
The Actuator-Sensor-Interface, abbreviated ASI, is a system introduced in 1994, with which simple sensors, actuators, and etc., are linked with the first control layer in industrial automation. Because of his structure simplicity and easy operation, it occupies 60% quota in European markets. However, such field of out country leaves far behind the world level. In order to develop our own ASI products, I take the research of independent-developing ASI system as my master thesis.
The thesis first illustrates the characteristics and ASI system, then analyzes its transmitting system in detail and presents its design requirements according to its electric and functional specification. The Special IC, A2SI, is the core unit of transmission module, which lies in the bottom of the network structure. So the thesis introduces the framework and frequently emergent problems of it specially. On the basis of thorough study of ASI industrial complete specification, I begin to design the slave and the master and apply them to practice. The products of the work go as followed: ① develope the uniform ASI slave module, which could be linked with many kinds of sensors. The condition of slaves can be configured by the master. ② develope special transmitter for ASI master, which needs only two control wires. Design the encoder and decoder of Manchester Code, which can encode and decode the Manchester Code of 167kbps. ③ develop the executer for ASI Master, which could download the user program for control. The program memory is divided into two areas: one is system area, the programs in which are written by the designer; the other is user area, the programs in which are written by the user. User programs can be downloaded from the monitor computer, and can call system functions of system area. ④ develope the user interface on PC, by which the user can monitor and configure the system. Design the on-line downloader based on Serial Port Communication. The user can download his
programs into the executer.
The other part of the thesis probes into the problems unsolved in ASI system up to now. The current ASI special IC can only transmit 4 bit data of switch sensors, I design special slave interface for transmitting more bit data from analog sensor. The master transmits control signal and data signal based on IC separately. After the analysis of the system, I present the work flow char and circuits. At the present stage, ASI system adopts only wire transmission methods. The thesis discusses the promising wireless transmission media, Bluetooth, for ASI system. It elucidates the possibility of combining these two systems based on their similar running principles, and presents the logic design chart. Finally, I summarize the trends of Fieldbus and its technique problems which need to be solved.
引文
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