摘要
计算机技术、控制技术、通信技术、图形显示技术和计算机网络的迅速发展，
推动着测控技术向网络化、分布式、开放性和互操作性的方向发展，它被广泛应
用于工业自动化、智能大厦、过程控制等领域，大大提高了生产效率与经济效益。
本文首先分析了当前流行的FCS网络的结构特点、技术特点和优势，介绍了
几种较为流行的现场总线，构建了企业生产的。FCS网络模型，并提出了在控制网
络和信息网络之间加入转换接口、采用DDE技术和使用统一的协议标准三种集成
方式。对目前智能大厦楼宇自控网络中先进的LonWorks总线和BACnet协议的内
容进行了较为深入的研究，并将它们应用到智能大厦楼宇自控网络系统中。针对
居住较为集中的住宅小区，设计了一种基于RS-485和RS-232主从式总线通讯的
抄表系统，制定了系统的通讯协议，对系统的集中器和采集器的软硬件进行了详
细的设计，为克服随机干扰引入的误差，对各脉冲表的输出信号同时采用硬件电
路和数字滤波技术。针对如何有效地借助电力线进行数字通讯，设计了采用
LonWorks总线的Neuron芯片、LonWorks电力线收发器以借助电力线载波通信的
自动抄表系统。为防止入侵者破坏系统的信息，提出了以随机数确定传输数据顺
序、用单向哈希函数对数据进行运算、用一次性加密方法对哈希值和随机数进行
加密的安全方案。系统中采用软中继有效地解决了三相电的耦合问题、增长了其
通信距离，从而使得低压载波电力线较好地运用于智能大厦远程抄表系统，充分
发挥系统性价比高、可靠性好、运行稳定等优势。
As various kinds of technology including Computer, Communication, Control and Cathode Ray Tube(CRT) developing quickly, Measurement & Control Network(MCN) tends towards networking, distributing, opening and interoperating, which is widely applied in many fields such as industry automation, Intelligent Building, processing control, etc.
Firstly, this paper makes a detailed study on the prevalent Field Control Systems(FCS), including the characteristics of structure & technology and advantage, introduces several popular Field Buses, designs the model of field control system, and puts forward three effective methods to integrate between the MCN & information network under different situations. Secondly, it lucubrates the LonWorks and BACnet which are widely applied in the control network of the intelligent building, educes three schemes of integration to control networks in the intelligent building due to the different characteristics of them and the products in intelligent building system. Thirdly, a system, based on RS-232 and RS-485 for centralized mass to realize on-line reading record, is designed. The paper makes up techno-requirement and communication protocol, and describes the design for hardware and software of the system. Many safeguards are taken to ensure the reliability and stability of the system. Finally, in order to utilize the power lines to transmit the digital signals well, an On-line Reading Record System with the Neuron chip of LonWorks as core is developed, which communicates by power lines in use of power line transceiver. Several schemes are advanced for security: random data confirm the sequence of data, Hash arithmetic operates the data, and one-off encryption encrypts the Hash value & random data. Furthermore, soft-relay is employed to reduce the coupling of the three-phase voltages and prolong the distance of communication, which intensifies the capability via price, reliability and stability of the system.
引文
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