摘要
缓速酸在酸化处理过程中能减缓H+扩散速度,延缓酸岩反应,降低酸液滤失,增加酸液的有效作用距离,提高酸化效果。缓速酸中稠化酸的应用最广泛,而稠化剂是稠化酸的一种主要添加剂,在酸液中起着增粘的作用。
实验采用自由基胶束聚合法,以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为增溶剂,合成丙烯酰胺(AM)、阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和疏水单体丙烯酸十八酯(OA)的疏水缔合水溶性三元共聚物用作酸液稠化剂。分析了单体、引发剂等因素对聚合物特性粘数和单体转化率的影响。通过红外光谱分析了聚合物的分子结构,符合预期设计的聚合物分子结构。
实验考查了聚合物浓度、温度、盐浓度及pH值对聚合物溶液性质的影响。P(AM-DMC-OA)聚合物水溶液的粘度随其浓度的增加而上升,且存在一个临界缔合浓度(CAC),其值为0.26wt%。聚合物溶液表现出较好的耐盐、耐温及耐酸性能。参照中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准SY/T6214-1996“酸液稠化剂评价方法”对酸液稠化剂的性能进行评价。结果表明：聚合物P (AM-DMC-OA)的酸溶时间＜100min,具有较好的溶解能力；对酸液的增粘作用较明显,1.0wt%的稠化剂在20wt%盐酸中,30℃下粘度达到38mPa·s,90℃下粘度能达到23mPa·s; 60℃,90℃的温度下,稠化酸的热稳定性在90%左右；在170s-1、511s-1的剪切速率下,稠化酸的表观粘度下降很少,表现出较好的剪切稳定性；P (AM-DMC-OA)与盐酸、氢氟酸、土酸、硫酸,NaCl、MgCl2、CaCl2进行配伍,表现出良好的配伍性,且具有较好的耐酸、耐盐性能；与缓蚀剂、铁离子稳定剂等酸液添加剂的配伍性也较好。
The retarded acid can slow down the propagation rate of H+in the acidification treating processes, delay the sour crag to respond, reduce the acid liquor to filter loses, increase the useful effect distance of the acid liquor, enhance the effect of acidified. The viscous acid has the most widespread application in the retarded acid, but the thickening agent is one kind of main chemical additive in the viscous acid, which has an effort of increasing sticks in the acid liquor.
The experiment uses the free radical micellar copolymerization method, takes the positive ion surface active agent hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as the solubilizing agent, and takes the synthesis acrylic amide (AM), the positive ion monomer methacryloyl oxygen ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and hydrophobic acrylic monomers Acid 18 ester (OA) of the hydrophobically associating water-soluble acid copolymer used as a thickening agent. To analyze the influence of factors such as monomer and initiator to the polymer limiting viscosity number and the monomer conversion rate. Has analyzed the polymer molecular structure through the IR spectrum, conforms to the anticipated design polymer molecular structure.
The paper studied that the concentration of polymer, temperature, the concentration of salt and pH influence on the properties of polymer solution. With concentration increase, P(AM-DMC-OA) polymer solution's apparent viscosity appears a CAC of about 0.26wt%. Polymer solution have some good properties to resist salt,temperature and acid. According to The People's Republic of China oil and gas industry standards SY/T6214-1996 "Evaluation of acid thickener", the paper made an evaluation of the acid thickener. The results showed that: Polymer P (AM-DMC-OA) of the solubilization time is less than 100 minutes, has good solubility; Thickening of the role of acid obvious,1.0wt% of the thickener in 20wt% hydrochloric acid,30℃the viscosity can reach 38mPa·s,and when 90℃is 23mPa·s; the thermal stability of thickening acid in 90%; in the 170s-1,511s-1 shear rate, apparent viscosity thickening acid slipped very little to show good shear stability; P (AM-DMC-OA) and hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2 into the compatibility, as well as good compatibility, and has good acid resistance, salt tolerance; and corrosion inhibitors, iron ion stabilizer good compatibility of acid additives.
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