摘要
随着互联网技术及应用的不断发展,互联网在为用户提供大量信息的同时,也为检索特定的信息带来了极大的不便。由于传统的检索都是用关键字来进行的,由于自然语言的歧义性,一个关键字可以出现在多个不同的信息领域中,并有不同的意义,因而在检索时会很难查到用户真正需要的信息,查准率、查全率都不能令人满意。
利用本体建模的方法,对服装领域的知识表示和描述以及为服装领域知识检索、提高检索的查准率和查全率成为一个值得研究的课题。
本文主要研究基于本体的服装领域知识表示及其本体建模技术与方法,通过分析服装领域知识表示的特点,运用领域本体在知识表示方面的优势,给出了服装领域知识表示的本体模型,以及建立服装领域知识表示的本体模型的实现步骤与方法。
根据当前常用的“七步法”进行服装本体的应用研究,描述了使用本体编辑工具protege3.3.1构建服装知识本体的实现过程；最后通过一个语义检索测试系统,证明了构建的服装知识表示的本体模型的可行性,并给出了服装领域的知识检索的查全率和查准率的相关测试与验证。
Internet provides a lot of information for users with the continuous development of network technology and its application, but it also brings great inconvenience in retrieving specific information. The traditional searching technology is mainly based on keywords, due to the ambiguity of natural language, which makes the same keyword can appear in many different areas and have different means, and therefore it will be difficult to find the needed information for users. And we can say the precision ratio and recall ratio are not satisfying.
How to use Ontology modeling method to represent and describe knowledge in clothing area in order to increase the precision ratio and the recall ratio becomes a very valuable topic worthy of study.
This paper mainly studies the knowledge representation in clothing area based on ontology and the ontology modeling method and technology, and by analyzing the characteristic features of the knowledge representation in clothing area, making use of the advantages of ontology technology in the area of the knowledge representation, and then gives a ontology model of the knowledge. representation in clothing area, and gives the implementation procedure and implementation method.
This paper describes the implementation procedure of how to using the editor tool proteg e3.3.1 to construct the clothing ontology knowledge according to the current frequently-used "seven-step method" to study how to apply the clothing ontology. At last, this paper proves that construction of the clothing knowledge ontology model is feasible using a semantic retrieval test system, and gives the related test and verification of the precision ratio and recall ratio of knowledge retrieving in the clothing area.
引文
1.徐玲玲,周庄.如何提升我国服装品质与服装企业竞争力[J].华东经济管理,2006,(20)：32-33
2. M Ushold,M Gruninger.Ontologies:Principles,methods,and applications.Knowledge[J]. Engineering Review,1996,11(2):93-155
3.王钰,袁晓红,石纯一.关于知识表示的讨论[J].计算机学报,1995,18(3)：212-224
4. Van Heijst G,Schreiber A T,Wielings B J.Using explicit ontologies in KBS develo pment[J].International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,1997,46(2-3):183-292
5. Web-ontology working group.Owl Web ontology language guide[EB/OL].:w3c 组织 网 Owl guide,2004-11-15:
6. Web-ontology working group.OWL Web ontology language Semantics and Abstract Syntax[EB/OL].:w3c组织Owl语义抽象句法,2004-11-15：
7. Web-ontology working group.OWL Web ontology language Reference[EB/OL].:w3c组织Owl语言参考,2004-03-05：
8.邓志鸿,唐世渭,张铭,等.Ontology研究综术[J].北京大学学报,2002,38(5)：730-738
9. 赵丽.本体的理论及其应用研究[D].上海：复旦大学,2006：
10.王念滨,徐晓飞,邓胜春,王刚.KIOS:一种基于本体论的集成知识系统设计[J].小型微型计算机系统,2000,20(1)：91-94.
11.李善平,尹奇华,胡玉杰,等.本体论研究综述[J].计算机研究与发展，2004,41(7)：1041-1052
12.董金祥.基于语义面向服务的知识管理与处理[M].浙江：浙江大学出版社,2009：68-110.
13. Newell A,Simon H.A Human Problem Solving[M].New York:Prentice-Hall,1972:24-32.
14.张攀,王波,卿晓霞.专家系统中多种知识表示方法的集成应用[J].微型电用,2004,20(6)：4-6
15. Minsky M L.A framework for representing knowledge[J].The Psychology of Computer Viaion,1975,(8):211-277
16. Quillian M R.Semantic memory In:Minks M (Eds)[J].Semantic Information Process- ing,1998,(4):227-270
17. Meyer B.Object-Oriented Software Construction[M].New York:Prentice-Hall,1988:38-46
18. Neches R,Fikes R E,Gruber T R etal.Enabling Technology for Knowledge Shaing[J].AI Magazine,1991,12(3):36-56
19. Gruber T R.A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology for Knowledge Specification[J]. Knowledge Acquisition,1993,(5):199-200
20. Borst W N.Construction of Engineering Ontologies for Knowledge Sharing and Reuse[D]. Enschede:University of Twente,1997:
21. Studer R,Benjamins V R,Fensel D.Knowledge Engineering Principles and Methods [J].Data and Knowledge Engineering,1998,25(12):161-197
22. P D Karp,V K Chaudhri.XOL:An XML-based ontology exchange language[EB/OL].: AI Center SRI International,1999:
23. Michel Klein.Xml RDF and Relatives[J].IEEE Intelligent Systems,2001,16(02):26-28
24. Dan Connolly,Frank van Harmelen(Eds).DAML+OIL Reference Description W3C N ote[EB/OL].:w3c组织网DAML+OIL参考,2001-12-18：
25. Frank Manola,Eric Miller(Eds).RDF Primer-W3C Recommendation[EB/OL].:w3c组织网RDF入门,2004-02-10：
26. Web Ontology Language(owl).w3c Semantic Web.:w3c组织网Owl语言,2007-09-06：
27. Kunz J.Smoothing out the construction process:Team coordination starts with"virtual design and construction"[EB/OL].:斯坦福大学网,2003-3-27：
28. ISI Natural language processing research group.Ontology creation and use:Sensus[E B/OL].:ISI网Sensus用法,2004-05-18：
29. Wand Y,Weber R.Information systems and conceptual modeling a research agenda [J].Information Systems Research,2002,(4):203-223.
30. Siau K.Informational and computational equivalence in com paring information modeling methods[J].Journal of DatabaseManagement,2004,(15):73-86.
31. Koji Y,Kitamura Y,Mizoguchi R.Towards modeling design rationale of supplementary functions in conceptual design[C].Proceedings of Fifth International Symposium on Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering.Germany:Springer Verlag,2003:117-130
32. KBSI.IDEF5 ontology description-captuoveriew[EB/OL].:IDEF5官网文档,2001-14-16：
33.杨秋芬,陈跃新.Ontology方法学综述[J].计算机应用与研究,2002,19(4)：5-7.
34. Noy N F.McGuinness D L.Ontology development 101:A guide to creating your firs t ontology [EB/OL].:斯坦福大学网本体开发,2005-11-20：
35.何彬,李刚炎.服装设计知识化信息模型的概念与内涵[J].武汉理工大学学报,信息与管理工程版,2007,30(3)：386-389.
36.王乐，孙莉.基于服装实例创建企业本体模型的初步研究[J].计算机工程与设计院.2005，26(1)：53-55
37.王乐.基于本体的服装企业信息交互的研究[D].上海：东南大学,2005：
38.雷玉霞,程慧波.基于服装知识本体的知识获取与联通分析[J].计算机工程与应用,2006,(23)：176-182
39.张云,袁建畅,陈永当，戴宝林.基于本体的服装知识表示方法研究[J].科技情报开发与经济,2008,18(19)：138-140
40.赵汝嘉.计算机辅助工艺设计(CAPP)[M].北京：清华大学出版社&施普林格出版社,2001：140-146
41. Stanford Protege research group.Protege3.3.1 [EB/OL].:斯坦福大学网protege用户说明文档,2000-01-15：
42.向阳,王敏,马强.基于Jena的本体构建方法研究[J].计算机工程,2007,33(14)：15-20
43.袁小娟.动画素材的领域本体模型与语义推理研究[D],湖南长沙：湖南师范大学,2009：
44.仇宝艳.面向领域本体的知识建模问题研究[D].山东济南：山东师范大学,2009：
45.孙未.本体在课程知识表示中的应用研究[D].山东济南：山东大学,2008：
46.李景.领域本体的构建方法与应用研究[D].北京：中国农业科学院,2009：
47. Martion Hepp,Andreas Wechsellberger.OntoNaviERP:Ontology-Supported Navigation in ERP Software Documentation[J]. The Semantic Web-ISWC,2008,30(5):764-776
48.梁晔，刘宏哲.运用Jena对本体模型进行推理及其应用[J].北京联合大学学报,2009,(9)：23-27
49. Ning Huang,Shi Han Diao.Ontology-based enterprise knowledge intergration[J].Robotics and Computer-Intergrated Manufacturing,2008,(56):562-571
50. Restol.A semantic Web Framework[EB/OL].:Jena-A Semantic Web Framework for Java,2009-01-20:
51.王文俊,杨鹏,董存祥.应急案例本体模型的研究及应用[J].计算机应用,2009,(5)：1437-1445
52.王晓燕,苏兆峰,刘晓雷.基于本体的需求信息分析技术研究[J].信息系统协会中国分会第三届学术年会,2009,(10)：452-457
53.胡宁静.基于本体的知识表示研究[D].湖南长沙：长沙理工大学,2006：